Author gender ratio over time

Male and female authorships are shown for papers in the natural sciences and health sciences journals that are tracked by the Nature Index. Health sciences journals were added to the Nature Index in 2022.

Gender was inferred by feeding unique combinations of first name, last name and origin country/territory to an algorithm. The analysis counts authorship instances rather than individual authors and so reflects publication activity rather than a strict headcount of individuals. See methodology for more information.

A guide to author gender ratio data on Nature Index

Ratio of male and female authors by subject area

Back to the Nature Index author gender ratio