Historical country/territory collaboration

A collaboration can be between any two countries/territories co-authoring at least one article in the publications tracked by the Nature Index. The collaboration score (CS) between two countries/territories is the sum of the publications (by Share) to which both have contributed. A collaboration Share of 1 can be interpreted either as a publication that is wholly authored by researchers affiliated to the collaborating countries/territories, or their Share of authorships sum to 1 over several publications. Select 2 countries/territories from the menus below to track their collaboration over the past 10 years.