A collaboration can be between any two institutions co-authoring at least one article in the publications tracked by the Nature Index. The collaboration score (CS) between two institutions is the sum of the publications (by Share) to which both have contributed. A collaboration Share of 1 can be interpreted either as a publication that is wholly authored by researchers affiliated to the collaborating institutions, or their Share of authorships sum to 1 over several publications. The tables below list the leading collaborators based on their CS. Filtering the tables by the same region or equatorial hemisphere will generate a list of the leading collaborators within that region or equatorial hemisphere, while filtering by different regions or equatorial hemispheres will generate the leading collaborators between those regions or equatorial hemispheres.
