Count: 583

Article ‘Count’ for Evolutionary Biology.

Journal Count
1
Linear Force Scaling in Kinesin-Driven Microtubule Swarms Revealed by Electromagnetic Tweezers
11
Preserving Tissue Integrity Under the Beam: High-Energy, Low-Dose Synchrotron CT for in situ Imaging of Bovine Intervertebral Discs
Spatiotemporal Remodeling of Bone as a Reversibly Adaptive Biological Material in Djungarian Hamsters under Regulated Photoperiod Conditions
Morphogenesis of the diamond-type stereom microlattice and the origin of saddle-shaped minimal surfaces in the echinoderm skeleton
Axially loaded whole teeth of Atlantic wolffish exhibit negative Poisson’s ratio due to their osteodentin microarchitecture
Enamel-like stiffness achieved by poorly oriented nanocrystals in the capping tissue of Mexican beaded lizard osteoderms
Ecomorphology and ontogeny modulate the mechanical properties of shark skin
Batoid skin mechanical properties and morphology vary among functional swimming styles
Structure-function relationships in mole crickets: Patterns of transition metal allocation among cuticular tools support the metal-prioritization hypothesis
Bone mineral tessellation: Atomic force microscopy of the volume-filling mineralization pattern in hydrated and dehydrated states
Gradients in lacunar morphology and cartilage mineralization reflect the mechanical function of the mouse femoral head epiphysis
Structure and material composition of oral disc structures in selected Anuran tadpoles (Amphibia)
3
Biomimetic Iridescent Skin: Robust Prototissues Spontaneously Assembled from Photonic Protocells
Micro and Nanostructural Diversity of Lizard Osteoderm Capping Tissue in Relation to Mechanical Performance
Investigating the Remarkable Deformability of Intermuscular Bones in Teleost Fish: Insights from Porous Networks and Mineralization Patterns
2
Quantifying Trace Metals in Gunflint Microfossils by 3D Correlative X-ray Nanoimaging
Proteome-Wide Analysis and Surface Protein Isolation for Secretome Characterization Reveal Insights into the Biology of the Leaf-Cutter Ant Acromyrmex echinatior
10
Harnessing citizen science to contextualize adaptation mechanism discovery
The rise of polyploids during environmental upheaval
Deciphering mechanical determinants of morphological evolution
Charting the landscape of cytoskeletal diversity in microbial eukaryotes
Bacterial tubular networks channel carbohydrates in insect endosymbiosis
Adrenergic signaling coordinates distant and local responses to amputation in axolotl
Ancient host-associated microbes obtained from mammoth remains
Ancient hybridization underlies tuberization and radiation of the potato lineage
Engineering yeast multicellular behaviors via synthetic adhesion and contact signaling
High-speed mapping of whole-mouse peripheral nerves at subcellular resolution
1
Host-specific microbiome and genomic signatures in Bifidobacterium reveal co-evolutionary and functional adaptations across diverse animal hosts
1
Red blood cells serve as a primary glucose sink to improve glucose tolerance at altitude
43
The phylogenetic origin of turtles
Fast mechanosensitive and Ca2+-dependent reorientation of motile cilia basal bodies in the placozoan Trichoplax
Chemodiverse cell system responses to UV in an algal sister of land plants
Evolutionary origins and transcriptomic innovations of vertebrate Cajal-Retzius cells
An open-source three-dimensional digital brain atlas of a migratory bird, the Eurasian blackcap
Hemiplasy helps explain high rates of apparent morphological convergence in neoavian birds
Aerobic sister lineage of breviates has gene-rich mitochondrial genomes
Introgression and parental conflict shape repeated occurrences of postzygotic isolation in Mimulus
Selection-driven color variation in the aposematic strawberry poison frog, Oophaga pumilio
The earliest reptile body impressions with scaly skin
Revealing the hidden patterns of shark and ray diversity over the past 145 million years
Cellularization in chytrid fungi uses distinct mechanisms from conventional cytokinesis and cellularization in animals and yeast
Enforced specificity of an entrenched symbiosis
Limb proportions predict aquatic habits and soft-tissue flippers in extinct amniotes
Divergence of immune cell types in chordate blood
Phoronid genome supports a monophyletic Lophophorata
Frog-killing chytrid fungus deploys different strategies to regulate intracellular pressure in developmental states that have or lack a cell wall
Fern vascular architecture reveals how developmental constraint can generate novel morphology
The evolution of an individual-like dispersive stage in colonial siphonophores
Phylogenomics unveil a recent origin of morphological complexity in Coleochaetophyceae
Fatal accidents in neonatal pterosaurs and selective sampling in the Solnhofen fossil assemblage
Macroevolutionary role reversals in the earliest radiation of bony fishes
Symbiotic bacteria mediate chemical-insecticide resistance but enhance the efficacy of a biological insecticide in diamondback moth
Convergently evolved linear actuators in ballistic tongues
Dissecting a peptidergic signaling pathway in Trichoplax adhaerens by gene silencing
Pangeneric analyses reveal the divergent genome evolution and ecologies between morels and truffles in the Morchellaceae
Carnivorous dinosaur lineages adopt different skull performances at gigantic size
A new time tree of birds reveals the interplay between dispersal, geographic range size, and diversification
No consistent size responses in radiolarians to the climatic changes and mass extinctions during the Paleozoic-Mesozoic transition
Aeroecology drives seasonal movements and predicts future distributions of a critically endangered terrestrial bird
Cambrian origin of the arachnid brain
A red algal polysaccharide influences the multicellular development of the choanoflagellate Salpingoeca rosetta
Is the deuterostome clade an artifact?
Integrative phenotyping reveals new insights into the anemonefish adaptive radiation
Tunicate metatranscriptomes reveal evidence of ancient co-divergence between viruses and their hosts
The adaptation of chlamydiae to facultative host multicellularity
Convergent reduction of olfactory genes and olfactory bulb size in mammalian species at altitude
Gorillas are arboreal apes
Divergence in neuronal signaling pathways despite conserved neuronal identity among Caenorhabditis species
A key role for centralspindlin and Ect2 in the development of multicellularity and the emergence of Metazoa
Fossilized gut contents elucidate the feeding habits of sauropod dinosaurs
Population genomics of recovery and extinction in Hawaiian honeycreepers
Early Permian synapsid impressions illuminate the origin of epidermal scales and aggregation behavior
1
Marsupial single-cell transcriptomics identifies temporal diversity in mammalian developmental programs
5
Subduction collapse and the isolation of southwest Gondwana basins from the Panthalassa Ocean
Thallium isotopes constrain the timing and tempo of oceanic deoxygenation across the end-Permian mass extinction
Why the end-Guadalupian biotic crisis differs from mass extinctions: Insights from high-precision geochronology and carbon cycle modeling
Astronomically calibrated integrated stratigraphy of the Induan Stage (Early Triassic) and significance for the Permian–Triassic mass extinction and aftermath
Miocene marine vertebrate trophic ecology reveals megatooth sharks as opportunistic supercarnivores
33
Environmental Variability Shapes Life‐History Trade‐Offs Within and Between Populations of a Long‐Lived Seabird
Niche Breadth and Olfactory Context Shape Informed Passive Dispersal
Evidence for the Stability Selection Mechanism in a Live Predator–Prey System
Distinguishing the Direct and Indirect Effects of Island Area and Isolation in Regulating Plant Disease and Herbivory in Tropical Islands
The Leading Edge Matters Too: Fitness and the Expression of Adaptive Differentiation Are Greatest at the High‐Elevation Edge of a Species' Range
Pervasive Fitness Trade-Offs Revealed by Rapid Adaptation to Shifting Population Densities in Large Experimental Populations of Drosophila melanogaster
Testing a General Theory for Optimal Flowering Time in Deciduous Perennial Plants as a Function of Growing Season Length
Birds That Don't Exist: Niche Pre‐Emption as a Constraint on Morphological Evolution in the Passeroidea
Mixed Support for the Temperature‐Size Rule in Wild Freshwater Fishes
Plastic Germination, Temporal Niche Partitioning and Emergent Assortative Mating in Annual Plants
Local Adaptation in Climate Tolerance at a Small Geographic Scale Contrasts With Broad Latitudinal Patterns
Sex Ratio Bias Triggers Demographic Suicide in a Dense Tortoise Population
The Coevolution of Colour Patterns and Hindwing Shapes on a Large Phylogenetic Scale Reveals Predation‐Driven Adaptive Syndromes in Swallowtail Butterflies
Waterfowl Move Less in Heterogeneous and Human‐Populated Landscapes, With Implications for Spread of Avian Influenza Viruses
Density Dependence During Evolutionary Rescue Increases Extinction Risk but Does Not Prevent Adaptation
Genetic Differences in Plasticity Across Environmental Scales Determine Fitness Along an Ecological Gradient
Locomotion Reveals Contrasting Responses in Body Mass-Scaling of Metabolic Rates Between Winged and Wingless Arthropods
Ectotherm Size- and Age-At-Maturity in a Warmer, Variable and Resource-Poor World
Not Extremely Plastic: Testing the Limits of Morphological Plasticity in Fungal Mycelia in Response to Soil Grazers
Evolution in Response to an Abiotic Stress Shapes Species Coexistence
Carryover Effects on Reproduction Can Buffer Against Mortality‐Driven Population Declines at Elevated Developmental Temperatures
Latitudinal and Elevational Trends in Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Community Niche Structure
Experimental Immigration Mediates Ecological Selection and Drift in Monarch Microbiome Assembly
Putative ‘Dispersal Adaptations’ Do Not Explain the Colonisation of a Volcanic Island by Vascular Plants, but Birds Can
Resurveyed Island Vegetation Reveals That Species Colonisation and Extinction Probabilities Are Linked to Traits
Recent and Rapid Assembly of an Island Species–Area Relationship Threatened by Human Disturbance
Urbanisation Facilitates Intrapopulation Dietary Niche Diversity in a Generalist Carnivore
Thermal Plasticity in a Cross-Sexual Transfer Trait: Geographic Variation and Phenotypic Integration of Blue Wing Colour in Female Butterflies
Convergence in Symbiont‐Induced Plant‐Mediated Responses to Herbivory: Cascading Effects for Foraging Parasitoids
Social Microbial Transmission in a Solitary Mammal
Areas of High Biodiversity Value Evidenced by the Spatial Scaling of Phylogenetic Uniqueness
Temperature and Resources Interact to Affect Transmission via Host Foraging Rate and Susceptibility
Host Competitive Asymmetries Accelerate Viral Evolution in a Microbe–Virus Coevolutionary System
3
Divergent life-history strategies of invasive guppies (Poecilia reticulata) along a water pollution gradient
Male nuptial ornamentation of invasive guppies (Poecilia reticulata) responds to water pollution via phenotypic plasticity and microevolutionary change
In situ monitoring of natural labile copper during the growth process of a marine diatom
1
A novel blood biomarker for plastic ingestion in fledgling Procellariiform seabirds
1
The Gut Microbiome Causally Contributes to Interspecific Differences in Pesticide Sensitivity
3
Dynamic body size evolution during speciation of predatory cichlid fishes in the Lake Malawi superradiation
Functional genomics analysis of developing zebrafish and human endoderm reveals highly conserved cis-regulatory modules acting during vertebrate organogenesis
Degrees of convergent evolution in rodent adaptations to arid environments
6
Marine large igneous provinces: Key drivers of Triassic recurrent extinction
Investigating the response of Glycymeris septentrionalis (Bivalvia) and Terebratalia transversa (Brachiopoda) to euxinia: Implications for mass extinctions
Exceptionally preserved epithelial cell–controlled organic templates in Cambrian chancelloriid sclerites
Quantitative decoding of Ediacaran locomotory trace fossil morphologies: Evidence for the emergence of slender anterior-posterior body profiles
The role of amorphous silica coating on apatite nanocrystals in the exceptional preservation of phosphatized embryo-like microfossils from the Ediacaran Doushantuo Formation
Fossil feathers from the Colli Albani volcanic complex (Late Pleistocene, Central Italy) preserved in zeolites
2
First Paleomagnetic Results From Late Triassic Volcanic Rocks of the Yidun Terrane, Eastern Tibetan Plateau: Constraints on the Closure of the Paleo‐Tethys Ocean
1.38 Ga Four-Layer Tuff Marker Horizon in North China black Shales as a Chronostratigraphic Boundary for the Pre-Ediacaran Geological Timescale
1
Evolutionarily diverse caveolins share a common structural framework built around amphipathic disks
1
Brown Adipose Tissue and Metabolic Markers Differ Between Greenlanders and Danes With Cold Activation
1
Structure of the Mantle Keel of the Wyoming Craton and Its Relationship to Intracratonic Deformation and Magmatism
1
Unique Transcriptomic Cell Types of the Granular Retrosplenial Cortex are Preserved Across Mice and Rats Despite Dramatic Changes in Key Marker Genes
5
The influence of haemoglobin–O2 affinity on aerobic capacity in hypoxia in high-altitude deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus)
Elevational variation in heart mass and suppression of hypoxia-induced right ventricle hypertrophy in Andean leaf-eared mice (Phyllotis)
Mitochondrial physiology in cardiac muscle of deer mice native to high altitude
Elevated carotid body tonic activity contributes to ventilatory acclimatization and de‐acclimatization to high altitude at rest and during exercise
Effects of nocturnal periodic breathing on sympathetic nerve activity and ventilatory control at high altitude: a randomised, crossover study
2
Uric Acid Monohydrate Nanocrystals: An Adaptable Platform for Nitrogen and Salt Management in Reptiles
The Discovery of Complex Heterocycles from Millipede Secretions
35
Early fossil eukaryotes were benthic aerobes
Adaptive cellular evolution in the intestine of hyperdiverse cichlid fishes
Higher-order interactions enhance the latitudinal tree diversity gradient
Mummified early Permian reptile reveals ancient amniote breathing apparatus
A chelicera-bearing arthropod reveals the Cambrian origin of chelicerates
Oxygen supply through the tracheolar–muscle system does not constrain insect gigantism
Gene conversion empowers natural selection in a clonal fish species
Clonal-aggregative multicellularity tuned by salinity in a choanoflagellate
Argentine fossil rewrites evolutionary history of a baffling dinosaur clade
A hidden diversity of ceratopsian dinosaurs in Late Cretaceous Europe
Genetic switch between unicellularity and multicellularity in marine yeasts
Sterilization and contraception increase lifespan across vertebrates
Dated gene duplications elucidate the evolutionary assembly of eukaryotes
New finds shed light on diet and locomotion in
Rare microbial relict sheds light on an ancient eukaryotic supergroup
Convergent genome evolution shaped the emergence of terrestrial animals
Nanotyrannus and Tyrannosaurus coexisted at the close of the Cretaceous
Mapping transitions and interactions in the female
A long-necked early dinosaur from a newly discovered Upper Triassic basin in the Andes
Mosaic anatomy in an early fossil squamate
Convergent evolution of diverse jaw joints in mammaliamorphs
A domed pachycephalosaur from the early Cretaceous of Mongolia
The oldest known lepidosaur and origins of lepidosaur feeding adaptations
Divergent evolutionary strategies pre-empt tissue collision in gastrulation
Extreme armour in the world’s oldest ankylosaur
The evolution of hominin bipedalism in two steps
The genomic origin of the unique chaetognath body plan
Triassic diapsid shows early diversification of skin appendages in reptiles
Driving a protective allele of the mosquito gene to combat malaria
Adaptations for stealth in the wing-like flippers of a large ichthyosaur
Reorganization of the theropod wrist preceded the origin of avian flight
Phylogenetically informative proteins from an Early Miocene rhinocerotid
Mapping the adaptive landscape of Batesian mimicry using 3D-printed stimuli
Bimodal centromeres in pentaploid dogroses shed light on their unique meiosis
A new Mongolian tyrannosauroid and the evolution of Eutyrannosauria
2
Seabird range contraction and dispersal under climate change
Forest tree fecundity declines as climate shifts
80
Genome analysis of Channel millet reveals a wild dodecaploid shaped by environmental variability
Gut bacteria prime and reinforce mature leaf oviposition preference in beetles via plant mediated feedback
Asymmetric life-history trade-offs shape sex-biased longevity patterns
Recurrent evolution of ligand-binding domain multiplicity fine-tunes TGFβ signaling in vertebrates
Environment heterogeneity creates fast amplifiers of natural selection in graph-structured populations
In vivo single-cell RNA metabolic labeling resolves early transcriptional responders in the regenerating zebrafish heart
Cytoplasmic abundant heat-soluble proteins from tardigrades protect synthetic cells under stress
Heterochronic activation of TGF-β signaling drives the diversity of the avian sterna
Digit regeneration in mice is stimulated by sequential treatment with FGF2 and BMP2
The genomic basis of adaptive leaf variation in the Galápagos giant daisies
Evolution of the reptile spine reveals independent trajectories to axial skeletal complexity in amniotes
Host genotype and sex shape influenza evolution and defective viral genomes
Cryo-EM structure of a photosystem I supercomplex from Euglena gracilis containing pentameric LHCE and dimeric LHCII
Glass scallop genome reveals key adaptations to deep-sea environments and ectosymbiosis
Experimental Sodalis infection eliminates ancient insect symbiont
The ecological and developmental foundations of brood parasitism in a catfish
Future scenarios for British biodiversity under climate and land-use change
Rare jackpot individuals drive rapid adaptation in Threespine Stickleback
Contrasting selective signatures of gene expression plasticity in response to antifungal clotrimazole and common environmental stresses in yeast
Host macrophages/monocytes promote malaria transmission by modulating mosquito microbiota via SR-A-mediated phagocytosis
Transient molecular chimerism for exploiting xenogeneic organelles
The evolutionary consequences of behavioural plasticity
Patterns and determinants of mitogenomic evolution in Bilateria
Integrating ANI and phylogenies for re-evaluation of Fusobacterium taxonomy and disease associations
Quantifying the trade-off between spring phenology and lethal frost risk: a meta-analysis
Convergent evolutionary shifts in AGT targeting between mitochondria and peroxisomes across mammal transitions to herbivory
Subcellular proteomics reveals a blueprint for endosymbiont integration in trypanosomatid Angomonas deanei
Developmental underpinnings of morphological disparity in the avian bony palate
Recurrent introgression and geographical stratification shape Saccharomyces cerevisiae in the Neotropics
Actinotrichia-independent developmental mechanisms of spiny rays facilitate the morphological diversification of Acanthomorpha fish fins
Ancestral neuronal receptors are bacterial accessory toxins
Fidelity in co-diversified symbiosis
Selective sweep probabilities in spatially expanding populations
Variation in pathogen load and the pathogen load–infectiousness relationship broaden avian malaria’s distribution
The Lolal-dpp axis mediates the regulation of host reproduction by gut symbionts in insects
Global metagenomics reveals plastid diversity and unexplored algal lineages
Coordinated gene family evolution shapes the genome of dimorphic Mucorales
Comparative multi-omic analysis reveals conserved and derived mechanisms of fin and limb regeneration
Systems acclimation to osmotic stress in zygnematophyte cells
Changes in phenology mediate vertebrate population responses to temperature globally
Complete transition from chromosomal to cytoplasmic sex determination during prolonged Wolbachia symbiosis
Epigenetic aging and lifespan reflect reproductive history in the Finnish Twin Cohort
DNA damage modulates sleep drive in basal cnidarians with divergent chronotypes
Decoding the genome of Brainea insignis reveals insights into fern evolution and conservation
Synthesizing selection mosaic theory and host-pathogen theory to explain large-scale pathogen coexistence
Hidden colour signals as key drivers in the evolution of anti-predator coloration and defensive behaviours in snakes
Evidence for high-frequency hearing in a Permian stem reptile
Medicago super-pangenome reveals adaptive advantages and evolutionary constraints in autotetraploid alfalfa
Wolbachia enhances ovarian development in the rice planthopper Laodelphax striatellus through elevated energy production
Evolution of chromosomes and nuclear architectures of amniotes
Comparative genomics analyses reveal genomic variation and evolutionary adaptation in orchids
Talin force coupling underlies eukaryotic cell-substrate adhesion
Macroevolutionary brain scaling is a microevolutionary metaphenomenon
Host range expansion of asexual parasite can be explained by loss of adaptions in Muller’s Ratchet
A genome-wide CRISPR screen in Anopheles mosquito cells identifies fitness and immune cell function-related genes
Voltage-gated ion channel diversity underlies neuronal excitability and nervous system evolution
Unifying regulatory motifs in endocrine circuits
Local adaptation to climate has facilitated the global invasion of cheatgrass
Genome degradation results in nested symbiosis and endosymbiont replacement in cicadas
Chromatin profiling identifies putative dual roles for H3K27me3 in regulating cell type-specific genes and transposable elements in choanoflagellates
Selection and transmission of the gut microbiome alone can shift mammalian behavior
Homeostasis of glucose and lipid metabolism during physiological responses to a simulated hypoxic high altitude environment
Co-Conservation of synaptic gene expression and circuitry in collicular neurons
Cellular and genetic mechanisms that shape the development and evolution of tail vertebral proportion in mice and jerboas
A library of avian proteins improves palaeoproteomic taxonomic identification and reveals widespread intraspecies variability
Evolutionary history of ponerine ants highlights how the timing of dispersal events shapes modern biodiversity
Mechanistic origins of temperature scaling in the early embryonic cell cycle
Brain anatomy of the Cambrian fossil informs euarthropod phylogeny
Dietary L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA) augments cuticular melanization in mosquitos reducing their lifespan and malaria burden
The genetics of extrinsic postzygotic selection in a migratory divide between subspecies of the Swainson’s thrush
Recent community warming of moths in Finland is driven by extinction in the north and colonisation in the south
Multiple bursts of speciation in Madagascar’s endangered lemurs
Nanoscale cuticle mass density variations influenced by pigmentation in butterfly wing scales
In toto analysis of embryonic organisation reduces tissue diversity to two archetypes requiring specific cadherins
Ancient allopolyploidy and specific subgenomic evolution drove the radiation of poplars and willows
Calcium transients regulate the apical emergence of basally located progenitors during Xenopus skin development
Early Triassic super-greenhouse climate driven by vegetation collapse
The iron chelator pulcherriminic acid mediates the light response in biofilms
Retinoic acid breakdown is required for proximodistal positional identity during axolotl limb regeneration
Two major ecological shifts shaped 60 million years of ungulate faunal evolution
1
DynamicAtlas: a morphodynamic atlas for Drosophila development
1
Structural conservation and ion selectivity adaptation of the mechanically activated PIEZO channel
16
An anatomical and connectivity atlas of the tree shrew brain to bridge rodent and primate neuroanatomy
Diversity patterns in terrestrial tetrapod clades are governed by equilibrium dynamics
Cis-regulatory evolution of Wnt family genes contributes to a morphological difference between silkworm species
Categorical identity signatures can reduce host error rates during brood parasitism
Bottleneck size drives the evolution of cooperative traits in an aggregative multicellular myxobacterium
Comparative transcriptomics reveal the common anteroposterior molecular blueprint of adult bilaterian guts
Identification of intestinal enteroendocrine cell subtypes and their associated hormones in zebrafish
A colorful legacy of hybridization in wood-warblers includes frequent sharing of carotenoid genes among species and genera
Subcellular proteomics of the protist Paradiplonema papillatum reveals the digestive capacity of the cell membrane and the plasticity of peroxisomes across euglenozoans
Evolving life-history traits promote biodiversity via eco-evolutionary feedback mechanisms
Functional and evolutionary synergy of trait components can explain the existence of leaf masquerade in katydids
Persistent viral infections impact key biological traits in Drosophila melanogaster
Viral expansion after transfer is a primary driver of influenza A virus transmission bottlenecks
Early epidemiological characteristics explain the chance of population-level virus persistence following spillover events.
Incompatibility between two major innovations shaped the diversification of fish feeding mechanisms
Adaptive landscapes unveil the complex evolutionary path from sprawling to upright forelimb function and posture in mammals
12
Establishment of a congenic strain for the oyster mushroom reveals the structure and evolution of mating-type loci
System drift in the evolution of plant meristem development
Characterization of EOP-1 reveals cell autonomous oscillations preceding somatic cell fusion in Neurospora crassa
Using TraDIS as a complementary approach to long term evolution for mapping adaptive mutations in Escherichia coli
Endosymbiont hijacking of acylcarnitines regulates insect vector fecundity by suppressing the viability of stored sperm
Identification of an innexin required for termination of the asexual state in planarian reproductive switching
The intracellular symbiont Wolbachia alters Drosophila development and metabolism to buffer against nutritional stress
Expanded diversity of pedinophytes provides a window into the evolution of the genetic code in organelles.
Phylogenomic timetree-calibrated speciation clocks for Caenorhabditis nematodes reveal slow but disproportionate accumulation of post-zygotic reproductive isolation
Diversity and spread of cytoplasmic incompatibility genes among maternally inherited symbionts.
Idiosyncratic evolvability among single-point ribosomal mutants towards multi-aminoglycoside resistance
Genetic disruption of the baculum compromises the ability of male mice to copulate
1
Role of Hydrodynamics in the Synchronization of Chlamydomonas Flagella
6
Rooting Conifer Genetic Research: An Accessible and Efficient Transformation System
ClAPRT3-Mediated Adenine Salvage Pathway Enhances Purine Metabolites to Sustain Seed Vigour During Selfing in Cunninghamia lanceolata
Synthetic Polyploidisation Enhances Fusarium graminearum Tolerance in Wheat by Reshaping the Transcriptome and Strengthening the Microbiome
Hybridization Drives Trait Integration in Telomere-To-Telomere Apocynum Genomes
Characteristics and Molecular Mechanism of Slow Vegetative Growth in Hexaploid Transgenic Poplar 741 With an Insect-Resistance Gene
Telomere-to-telomere genome assembly reveals insights into the adaptive evolution of herbivore-defense mediated by volatile terpenoids in Oenanthe javanica
100
A centrin–Sfi1 myoneme fishnet powers ultrafast calcium-triggered contraction in the giant ciliate Spirostomum ambiguum
Animals have expanded the evolutionary legacy of unicellular ancestors in blood cells
Evolution induced state shifts in a long-term microbial community experiment
Hybridogenesis as an intermediate step between sexual reproduction and parthenogenesis in stick insects
Evolution of genome-wide barriers to gene flow during complex speciation in rattlesnakes
Regulated development of cannibalistic supergiant cells in the ciliate Euplotes gigatrox
Modular genetic architecture underlies human hand and foot evolution
Ancestral splice variation is a key substrate for rapid diversification in African cichlids
Swartkrans Paranthropus and Sterkfontein Australopithecus from southern Africa had different locomotor repertoires
Evolution of species’ range and niche in changing environments
Early-life adversity shapes the relationship between growth and reproduction in free-ranging female rhesus macaques
Genomic ancestry predicts rapid responses to drought across spatiotemporal scales
Timing and origins of Mexican and Central American oak diversity
The allometry of vertebrate pursuit predation
A Trojan horse pathogen breaking through partner-choice barriers in the insect gut
Neanderthal brain and cognition reconsidered
The crucial and unique role of extreme tropical cyclones in promoting freshwater invasions in China
Enhancer-directed gene delivery for digit regeneration based on conserved epidermal factors
When a bigger brain is better: The case of bee olfactory learning
Cellular remodeling of ovarian follicular epithelial cells transmits an obligate nutritional endosymbiont in a scale insect
Lysosome-related organelles orchestrate guanine crystal formation in pigment cells
High-quality surrounding landscapes mitigate avian extirpations from forest remnants
Species range shifts often speed ahead of their modeled climatic niches
Divergence of ontogenetic dietary shifts in adaptive radiation
DNA methylation site loss for plasticity-led novel trait genetic fixation
Quantitative system drift
Mosaic phenotypic evolution underlies the adaptive success of water-surface colonization in Gerromorpha
Global biodiversity and the expanding Tree of Life
Cooperation and the evolution of bacterial niche breadth
Ecological inheritance facilitates the coexistence of environmental helpers and free riders
Multispecies analysis of social effects on same-sex sexual behavior challenges mistaken identity hypotheses in insects
The global island species–area relationship for plants
Correlational selection and genetic architecture shape the evolution of the leaf economics spectrum in a perennial grass
Phylogenomic synteny reveals paleohexaploid-derived genomic blocks across Asteraceae
The Japanese Archipelago sheltered cave lions, not tigers, during the Late Pleistocene
Identifying variation in dinosaur footprints and classifying problematic specimens via unbiased unsupervised machine learning
Ancestral and local adaptation contribute to dispersal out of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau in a bumblebee
Plasmid mutation rates scale with copy number
Aging populations threaten conservation goals of zoos
“Excluded phenotypes” restrict genetic paths toward adaptation in declining populations
Host heterogeneity and unpredictability in parasite outbreaks
Domestication drives repeated evolution of sexual–asexual life cycle trade-offs in yeast
Repeated losses of self-fertility shaped heterozygosity and polyploidy in yeast evolution
Neural crest cell recruitment and reprogramming as central drivers of embryonic limb regeneration
Cilia-driven epithelial folding and unfolding in an early diverging animal
An abundant membrane protein in the NCAM superfamily is required for epithelial organization in sea anemone embryos
Coexistence of trapped and flow-transported nuclei enables fast pigeon post communication across multinucleated cell
Biomechanics of the mandibular middle ear of the cynodont Thrinaxodon and the evolution of mammal hearing
Short- and long-term costs of reproduction revealed by telomere dynamics in wild greater horseshoe bats
A theory of ecological invasions and its implications for eco-evolutionary dynamics
Static morphogen scaling enables proportional growth in a tissue growth model inspired by axolotl limb regeneration
Putative muscle stem cells promote Xenopus tail regeneration by modifying macrophage function via c1qtnf3
Morphological and genomic responses to hurricanes arise and persist during a biological invasion
Parental investment and body temperature explain encephalization in vertebrates
Symbiotic solutions for colony nutrition: Conserved nitrogen recycling within the bacterial pouch of Tetraponera ants
When islands collide: Divergence predicts outcomes of secondary contact during the fusion of Sulawesi’s paleo-archipelago
Mineralized sclerites in the gorgonian coral Leptogorgia chilensis as a natural jamming system
Parallel shifts in differential gene expression reveal convergent miniaturization in fishes
Museum genomics suggests long-term population decline in a putatively extinct bumble bee
Unisexual reproduction in the global human fungal pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans
A species interaction kick-starts ecological speciation in allopatry
Phylogenomics redefines the evolutionary history of mosquitoes
Climate change intensifies plant–pollinator mismatch and increases secondary extinction risk for plants in northern latitudes
Cranial modularity drives phenotypic diversification and adaptive radiation of Antarctic icefishes
Chemical characterization of C31 sterols from sponges and Neoproterozoic fossil sterane counterparts
The genome of the vining fern Lygodium microphyllum highlights genomic and functional differences between life phases of an invasive plant
Bacillus subtilis in defense mode: Switch-like adaptations to protistan predation
Language models reveal a complex sequence basis for adaptive convergent evolution of protein functions
Large-scale surveys of woodrats (Neotoma spp.) reveal constraints on diet breadth in herbivorous mammals
Evolution of cross-tolerance to metals in yeast
Long-term evolutionary persistence of a cryptic color polymorphism in frogs
Teeth outside the jaw: Evolution and development of the toothed head clasper in chimaeras
Founders predict trait evolution and population performance after evolutionary rescue in the red flour beetle
Pervasive and recurrent hybridization prevents inbreeding in Europe’s most threatened seabird
Repeated polyploidization shapes divergence in floral morphology in Lithophragma bolanderi (Saxifragaceae)
Spatiotemporal distribution of the glycoprotein pherophorin II reveals stochastic geometry of the growing ECM of Volvox carteri
The radiation and geographic expansion of primates through diverse climates
Six million years of vole dental evolution shaped by tooth development
Genomics of Neotropical biodiversity indicators: Two butterfly radiations with rampant chromosomal rearrangements and hybridization
Static allometries of caste-associated traits vary with genotype but not environment in the clonal raider ant
Electroreception in treehoppers: How extreme morphologies can increase electrical sensitivity
Ancient seabed checkerboard: How setae shaped spatial distributions of Silurian brachiopods
Metabolic traits are shaped by phylogenetic conservatism and environment, not just body size
Climate-linked biogeography of mycorrhizal fungal spore traits
Paleobiome dynamics shaped a large Gondwanan plant radiation
Piezo2+ mechanosensory neurons orchestrate postnatal development through mechano-chemo-transduction of PDGFA signaling
Unusual bone bed reveals a vertebrate community with pterosaurs and turtles in equatorial Pangaea before the end-Triassic extinction
Detecting environmentally dependent developmental plasticity in fossilized individuals
Light controls gene functions through alternative splicing in fungi
Heritable symbiont producing nonribosomal peptide confers extreme heat sensitivity and antifungal protection on its host
Overcoming toxicity: How nonantagonistic microbes manage to thrive in boom-and-bust environments
The adaptive state determines the impact of mutations on evolving populations
Cenozoic geoclimatic changes drove the evolutionary dynamics of floristic endemism on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau
Winters restrict a climate change–driven butterfly range expansion despite rapid evolution of seasonal timing traits
Longitudinal sequencing reveals polygenic and epistatic nature of genomic response to selection
Homoploid hybridization adds clarity to the origins of octoploid strawberries
Methane-powered sea spiders: Diverse, epibiotic methanotrophs serve as a source of nutrition for deep-sea methane seep Sericosura
Whole-genome duplication leads to significant but inconsistent changes in climatic niche
Assembly of a functional neuronal circuit in embryos of an ancestral metazoan is influenced by temperature and the microbiome
Parallel sensory compensation following independent subterranean colonization by groundwater salamanders (Eurycea)
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Life-history strategy mediates the effects of multiple developmental stressors on Australian lizards
Inbreeding depression in morphological and growth traits of wild barn owls (Tyto alba)
Dispersal evolution in a population infected with a male-killing endosymbiont
Did modern human carpal morphology evolve from knuckle walking traits?
Genetic assimilation and accommodation shape adaptation to heat stress in a splash pool copepod
Range of motion and myology support a digging function for the forelimbs of alvarezsauroid dinosaurs
Drivers and mechanisms of convergent forelimb reduction in non-avian theropod dinosaurs
Reinforcement and selection against migrants maintain sperm competitive and genetic differences among populations of Drosophila pseudoobscura
Variation in body size growth trajectories between ecologically distinct mountain gorilla populations
What is driving the differential loss of skull bones throughout tetrapod evolution? Evidence from Temnospondyli
Integration and evolution of the cichlid pharyngeal skeleton: seeking the causes and consequences of trait covariation
The ray-finned fish blackbox: unprecedented morphological diversity and the interplay between brain and endocast
Short- and long-term antagonistic selection explains dispersal polymorphism in the common lizard
Cities as genetic refugia: rural selection maintains Mc1R pigmentation cline in squirrels despite an urban bottleneck
Genetic crosses using fluorescently labelled malaria parasites indicate advantages of outcrossing in Plasmodium falciparum
Morphological variability as a buffer against extinction: insights from Hawaiian honeycreepers
Scaling and foraging behaviour drive the evolution of humeral shape in hummingbirds
Microstructural biomechanics underpin Cambrian phosphatic brachiopod diversification
Artificial selection for increased reproductive effort accelerates actuarial senescence and reduces lifespan in a precocial bird
Uneven resources, uneven fish: zooplankton patchiness drives variability in fish growth and metabolism
A short-snouted ‘sphenosuchian’ with unusual feeding anatomy demonstrates that ecological specialization occurred early in crocodylomorph evolution
Developmental polyphenism shapes juvenile behaviours and glucocorticoid regulation in spadefoot toads
Warming, stress and survival: terrestrial vegetation dynamics during the Toarcian hyperthermal event
Spatial impacts on gene flow may hinder linking phylogeographic data to macroevolutionary patterns
Wild-caught Pacific salmon mothers enhance offspring performance via egg cortisol provisioning
Virus infection significantly decreases insect fitness: a meta-analysis
High-elevation adaptation is associated with functional changes in the immune response of deer mice
Phenotypic plasticity drives local adaptation by disrupting a genetically integrated jaw apparatus in Trinidadian guppies
Inbreeding avoidance in the Raute hunter–gatherers from Nepal
Synchrotron data reveal nautiloid characters in Pohlsepia mazonensis, refuting a Palaeozoic origin for octobrachians
Retracing the centre of origin and evolutionary history of nutmeg Myristica fragrans, an emblematic spice tree species
Integration of distal tibial shape and internal trabecular bone structure among catarrhine primates
Disparate recovery of phylogenetic diversity across taxa during tropical rainforest regeneration
Decoupled diversity and disparity after faunistic turnover in caviomorph rodents
From setae to scales: Burmese amber fossils reveal the Early Cretaceous innovation of body coverings in scaly crickets
Temperature boosts and constrains dung beetle diversity along an Andean–Amazonian elevation gradient
Demography and dispersion: evaluating the causes and consequences of vagrancy in North American migratory birds
New Burmese amber fossils reveal ancient forms of scale and wing pattern of the family Mogoplistidae Costa, 1855 (Orthoptera, Grylloidea)
Experimental evidence supports gradual evolution of alkaloid sequestration in poison frogs
An aberrant stem tetrapod from the early Permian of Brazil
The arduous path to obligate asexuality in Daphnia
The interplay of sexual selection and hybridization can drive sexual radiation
Did energy costs of walking limit the evolution of a larger human birth canal?
Temporal dynamics of selection on early-life phenotypic plasticity in seasonal migration versus residence
Symbiont replacement and subsequent genome erosion reshape a dual obligate aphid symbiosis
<atl>Tracing the origins of Antarctic periwinkles: an integrative morphological–molecular perspective on iLaevilacunaria/i evolution</atl>
Cryptic species are widespread across vertebrates
United by chewing: Hunter-Schreger band-like pattern and wavy enamel in a fossil crocodile suggest functional convergence with mammals and dinosaurs
Marine barriers and seascape features shape divergence in Neotropical cryptobenthic reef fishes
Evolutionary convergence and trophic diversity in hot vent and cold seep shrimps showcase a continuum of symbiosis
Evolution of aquatic snails’ defences resulted in clade-specific differences in egg toxicity, pigments and warning coloration
Organism–sediment interactions and the evolution of a unique trilobite morphology
Cell size and ploidy modulate heat tolerance in Daphnia
Life-history and ecological variables as drivers of the evolution of avian innate immune defences
Early vertebrate biomineralization and eye structure determined by synchrotron X-ray analyses of Silurian jawless fish
Body size predicts ant worker longevity: a hierarchical analysis of field and laboratory survival across phylogenetic lineages
Avoiding dead ends: the experimental evolution of constraint as adaptation to environmental variation
Ontogeny of cortisol reaction norms in wild bonobos (Pan paniscus)
Cohort splitting is a condition-dependent plastic life-history adaptation to variable environments in the wolf spider, Pardosa agrestis
Ultimate paths of least resistance: intrinsically disordered proteins as developmental resets in regulatory networks
Multifaceted impacts of an innovation on dental diversity in an adaptive radiation of cichlid fishes.
Ecomorphology is associated with speciation and co-occurrence in Sceloporus lizards
Macroevolutionary patterns and drivers of skull shape in the global radiation of true toads
Plant adaptation to soil nitrogen: the role of microbes versus the abiotic environment
Head morphology predicts prey traits and drives individual dietary specialization in generalist anurans
Chewing performance and the structure of primate communities
Avian cranial evolution is influenced by shape interactions between hard and soft tissue traits
Relationship between the location of Pleistocene refugia and geographic and environmental centrality in a plant–pollinator mutualism from Patagonia
Indirect pathogen transmission underlies an emerging infectious fungal disease outbreak in a wild reptile population
Unravelling eutherian and metatherian divergence through dental evolution
Long-fuse evolution of carnivoran skeletal phenomes through the Cenozoic
Functional novelties and behavioural flexibility underpin diversification of the surgeonfish feeding mechanism
Evolutionary constraints shape the diversity of microinsects’ wing morphology
Constraints and adaptations in crocodyliform skull evolution
Vertical transmission of Cardinium bacteria in parthenogenetic non-marine ostracods (Crustacea)
The role of cytonuclear interactions to plant adaptation across a Populus hybrid zone
Internet images reveal bumblebee-mimicking hoverflies follow models in preferring blue flowers, but retain the typical hoverfly attraction to yellow
Synchrotron X-ray tomography sheds light on the phylogenetic affinities of the enigmatic thylacocephalans within Pancrustacea
Artificial selection on female preferences rapidly alters choosiness and acceptance of divergent male songs in Drosophila
Building a predator: macroevolutionary patterns in the skull of abelisaurid dinosaurs
Early Ordovician sea scorpions from Morocco suggest Cambrian origins and main diversification of Eurypterida
Network structure variation across scales offers clues to the macroevolutionary persistence of specialized mutualisms
A machine learning approach to facilitate parasitic egg identification in a conspecific brood parasite
Experimental test of hybrid fitness change as a cause of species collapse following species invasion
Shifts in salamander body size associated with 60 years of climate change
Accelerated evolution increased craniofacial divergence between humans and great apes
Great expectations: altricial developmental strategies are associated with more flexible evolution of limb skeleton proportions in birds.
Ecological and evolutionary influences on the elemental composition of birds.
Earth history and trait innovation drive the global radiation of modern toads
Disparate feeding mechanics between two hadrosaurid dinosaurs support the potential for resource partitioning
Social fish have larger brains and greater relative telencephalon sizes: support for the social brain hypothesis from wild, intraspecific comparisons
Longer rorqual whale mothers produce more female offspring
Climate-driven range shifts across Subantarctic and Antarctic terrestrial and marine niches in sheathbills (Chionis)
Cellular, bone-like tissue in the bucklers and thorns of the thornback ray Raja clavata (Batoidea, Chondrichthyes)
Crowding reduces per-capita parasite infection risk in a butterfly host
Geopolitical impacts on the description of new terrestrial mollusc species
Diverging trends in erythrocyte size elucidate cardiovascular evolution in stem dinosaurs and crocodilians.
Climate warming drives pulsed resources and disease outbreak risk
Salamander ecomorphology reveals a unique suite of climbing adaptations.
When and how do 17-year periodical cicada nymphs decide to emerge? A field test of the 4-year-gate hypothesis.
Unravelling the difference in craniofacial morphology of Yucatan miniature and standard pigs during postnatal ontogeny.
Evolutionary morphology of genital spines informed by puncture mechanics.
Evolutionary diversity of muscle OXPHOS efficiency in vitro across ectothermic vertebrates.
Keratinization-like differentiation process forms chitinous dermal sclerites in the hot-vent snail Ifremeria nautilei.
Correlated evolution of multiple traits gives butterflies a false head.
Giant mice on small islands: biogeographic and ecological differences contribute to gigantism in island populations.
Inbreeding load in finite populations from dominant and overdominant mutations
Smoothness analyses of trace fossils: expanding quantitative toolkits to unravel bilaterian movement ecology during the Ediacaran-Cambrian transition.
Understanding the role of ageing in the thermal responses of life history and fitness in Daphnia magna.
Mechanisms of host exploitation by a microsporidian parasite
Evolution and ecology of body size in the world's largest bats.
Constraints in temperature adaptation reinforce differences in thermal niche between mesophilic and psychrotolerant Bacillus cereus group species.
The impact of taxonomic change on the Amazonian palm flora.
Testing early life effects frameworks: developmental constraints and adaptive response hypotheses do not explain fertility outcomes in wild female baboons.
Diet composition affects bat viral shedding with potential consequences for pathogen spillover
The earliest known fungal-induced biomineralization in fossil bones and its role in the marine ecosystem.
Eco-evolutionary dynamics between multiple competitors reduce phytoplankton coexistence but have limited impacts on community productivity.
Dispersal evolution can only rescue a limited set of species from climate change.
Biogeography and evolution of reef fishes on tropical Mid-Atlantic Ridge islands
Specialized bark-gnawing beetles reveal phragmotic defence and subcortical ecology in the Cretaceous.
Integration of postnatal craniofacial development and the effects of diet consistency in rodents.
Females prioritize future over current offspring in wild seasonally breeding Assamese macaques.
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Biogeographic processes underlying global patterns of plant diversity
High risk of extinction across the flowering plant tree of life
Contingent evolution of thick enamel by kangaroos to resist dietary abrasion
Species-specific oxygen sensing governs the initiation of vertebrate limb regeneration
Rapid adaptation and extinction in synchronized outdoor evolution experiments of Arabidopsis
Rapid evolution predicts demographic recovery after extreme drought
An unconventional Rubisco small subunit underpins the CO2-concentrating organelle in land plants
Acceleration hotspots of North American birds’ decline are associated with agriculture
Scimitar-crested Spinosaurus species from the Sahara caps stepwise spinosaurid radiation
Functional gradients facilitate tactile sensing in elephant whiskers
A diminutive tyrannosaur lived alongside Tyrannosaurus rex
Adaptive spread of a sexually selected syndrome eliminates an ancient color polymorphism in wall lizards
Duck-billed dinosaur fleshy midline and hooves reveal terrestrial clay-template “mummification”
Genomic architecture of egg mimicry and its consequences for speciation in parasitic cuckoos
A mosaic of modular variation at a single gene underpins convergent plumage coloration
Defensive fungal symbiosis on insect hindlegs
Ancient alleles drive contemporary climate adaptation in an alpine plant
Marine origins and freshwater radiations of the otophysan fishes
Global selection on insect antipredator coloration
The phylogenetic position of the Yunxian cranium elucidates the origin of Homo longi and the Denisovans
Rapid establishment of species barriers in plants compared with that in animals
Evolution of thumbnails across Rodentia
Columbian mammoth mitogenomes from Mexico uncover the species’ complex evolutionary history
Comparative connectomics of two distantly related nematode species reveals patterns of nervous system evolution
Behavior drives morphological change during human evolution
Overturning circulation structures the microbial functional seascape of the South Pacific
Rapid polygenic adaptation in a wild population of ash trees under a novel fungal epidemic
29
Pulsed volcanic sulfur emissions linked to the end-Triassic terrestrial crisis
Cis-regulatory evolution shapes facial diversity in birds and mammals
Defining metabolic niches for marine microbial heterotrophs
Decoupled phenotypic constraints framed by respiratory adaptation in the rise of land vertebrates
The 3D architecture of the ctenophore aboral organ and the evolution of complex integrative centers in animals
Divergent stem cell mechanisms govern the primary body axis and appendage regeneration in the axolotl
From Plato to Pareto: Defining the shape of infection’s disease space
Prototaxites fossils are structurally and chemically distinct from extinct and extant Fungi
Independent origins of spicules reconcile paleontological and molecular evidence of sponge evolutionary history
Earliest evidence of hominin bipedalism in Sahelanthropus tchadensis
The past and future of known biodiversity: Rates, patterns, and projections of new species over time
Human selection maintains karyotype integrity of highly unstable genomic cultivated autotetraploid potato (Solanum tuberosum)
A synthesized framework for the evolutionary origins of avian obligate brood parasitism
Balancing selection of climate adaptive loci underlies the success of introduction of Eurasian Tree Sparrows
Coevolution of cooperative lifestyles and reduced cancer prevalence in mammals
Biomechanical simulations of hindlimb function in Alligator provide insights into postural shifts and body size evolution
High melanosome diversity exhibits weak correlation with color and environmental variables in the early evolution of therian mammals
Genomic parallelism defines repeated evolution of an inducible offense
Dynamics and emergence of metachronal waves in the ciliary band of a metazoan larva
Sexual selection drives sex difference in adult life expectancy across mammals and birds
An ancient and essential miRNA family controls cellular interaction pathways in C. elegans
Cross-feeding percolation phase transitions of intercellular metabolic networks
Insights into the genetic basis of bilateral head asymmetry in a scale-eating cichlid fish
Deep homology of a brachyury cis-regulatory syntax and the evolutionary origin of the notochord
Radiation with reproductive isolation in the near-absence of phylogenetic signal
A fossilized ventral ganglion reveals a chaetognath affinity for Cambrian nectocaridids
<atl>Climate differentially impacts ticks infected and uninfected with iBorrelia burgdorferi/i</atl>
Artificial selection for adult predation survival affects life history and morphology in guppies (Poecilia reticulata)
Metabolically driven flows enable exponential growth in macroscopic multicellular yeast
11
Metabolic potential structures gill symbiont communities in two common shipworm species
Emergent symbiont strains provide thermally robust protection against co-evolved and novel parasitoids of introduced pea aphids
Biocontrol potential and molecular basis of predation in a marine raptorial ciliate
Microbially Derived Essential Amino Acids Compensate for Dietary Deficiencies in an Ecologically Relevant Mammalian Host
Stable association of a chlamydial symbiont with the freshwater predator hydra suggests broad host potential
Cultivation, genomics, and giant viruses of a ubiquitous and heterotrophic freshwater cryptomonad
Strict gut symbiont specificity in Coreoidea insects governed by interspecies competition within Caballeronia strains
Host-microbiota matching and epigenetic modulation drive Daphnia magna responses to cyanobacterial stress
Microbiome spatial scaling varies among members, hosts, and environments across model island ecosystems
Functional division of labor in motility, lignocellulose digestion, and nitrogen metabolism revealed for the Mixotricha paradoxa holobiont
Absolute abundance unveils Basidiobolus as a cross-domain bridge indirectly bolstering gut microbiome homeostasis
2
Convergence and constraint in glucosinolate evolution across the Brassicaceae
Pancentromere analysis of iAllium/i species reveals diverse centromere positions in onion and gigantic centromeres in garlic

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