Asymmetric Price Transmission in Agricultural Markets

Summary

Asymmetric price transmission arises when farm-gate price increases and decreases are passed through to downstream markets at different speeds or magnitudes. Such asymmetry reflects market frictions—transport costs, information gaps, regulatory interventions and bargaining power imbalances—so that positive shocks may be transmitted more swiftly or fully than negative ones (or vice versa). Empirical analysis typically relies on time-series tools to distinguish long-run equilibrium from short-run dynamics, revealing that asymmetry can vary across commodities, regions and supply-chain stages. Persistent asymmetry undermines market efficiency, erodes producer or consumer welfare and complicates policy design. Improving transparency, fostering competition in trading and transport services, and deploying targeted subsidies or tariffs have emerged as key levers to mitigate undesirable asymmetry. Global events such as trade restrictions, disease outbreaks or extreme weather can amplify or invert transmission patterns, highlighting the need for real-time monitoring and adaptive policy frameworks.

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Asymmetric Price Transmission in Agricultural Markets publication trend

The graph below shows the total number of articles in asymmetric price transmission in agricultural markets across all publications each year (not limited to Nature Index journals).

Technical terms

Asymmetric price transmission: Differential propagation of price changes depending on direction (increase versus decrease).

Cointegration: A statistical property indicating a stable long-run relationship among non-stationary time series.

Vector error correction model (VECM): An econometric framework combining short-term dynamics with long-run equilibrium adjustments among cointegrated variables.

Threshold autoregressive (TAR) model: A time-series model allowing different adjustment regimes when a variable crosses a specified threshold.

Momentum threshold autoregressive (M-TAR) model: An extension of TAR in which the speed of adjustment depends on the rate of change (momentum) around the threshold.

References

  1. Market Integration and Price Transmission in the Vertical Supply Chain of Rice: An Evidence from Bangladesh. Agriculture (2020).
  2. Analysis of rural–urban vegetable market dynamics in Central Gondar Zone, Ethiopia. Agriculture & Food Security (2023).
  3. The world market for soybeans: price transmission into Brazil and effects from the timing of crop and trade. Nova Economia (2007).
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