Aza-BODIPY Dyes in Photonic Applications
Summary
Aza-BODIPY dyes constitute a versatile class of near-infrared chromophores distinguished by their boron-chelated dipyrromethene core in which a meso-carbon is replaced by nitrogen. This modification extends π-conjugation and induces a bathochromic shift into the NIR-I and NIR-II windows, enhancing tissue penetration, minimising background fluorescence and supporting deep-tissue imaging. Their strong molar absorptivity, tunable emission wavelengths and high photostability have positioned them at the forefront of photonic applications ranging from optical sensing and electrofluorochromic devices to photothermal therapy and fluorescence-guided surgery. Structural variation through electron-donating and ‑withdrawing substituents enables precise control of photophysical properties, while further functionalisation with targeting ligands or polymers facilitates selective accumulation in biological or environmental targets. Collectively, these advances underscore the global significance of aza-BODIPY platforms in biomedical diagnostics, environmental monitoring and emerging optical technologies.
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Aza-BODIPY Dyes in Photonic Applications publication trend
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Technical terms
Aza-BODIPY: A boron-chelated dipyrromethene dye in which the meso-carbon atom is replaced by nitrogen, yielding red-shifted absorption and enhanced photostability.
NIR-II (Second Near-Infrared Window): The spectral range from approximately 1 000 to 1 700 nm, valued for reduced scattering and deeper tissue penetration in optical imaging.
Photodynamic Therapy (PDT): A treatment modality employing light-activated photosensitisers to generate reactive oxygen species for selective cell destruction.
Electrofluorochromism: A reversible change in fluorescence intensity or wavelength induced by electrochemical redox switching of a chromophore.
References
- Julolidinyl aza-BODIPYs as NIR-II fluorophores for the bioimaging of nanocarriers. Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2024).
- Fluorination of Aza-BODIPY for Cancer Cell Plasma Membrane-Targeted Imaging and Therapy. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces (2025).
- Carbazole‐ and Fluorene‐Fused Aza‐BODIPYs: NIR Fluorophores with High Brightness and Photostability. Chemistry - A European Journal (2021).
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