Cementless Total Hip Arthroplasty in Canine Patients

Cementless total hip arthroplasty in dogs relies on precisely engineered implants that achieve immediate mechanical stability through a press-fit interface and long-term fixation by bone ingrowth. Typically indicated for advanced osteoarthritis, hip dysplasia and refractory lameness, this technique has gained favour for its potential to preserve bone stock and reduce the risk of cement-related complications. Implant designs commonly feature porous or grit-blasted surfaces to encourage osteointegration, and modular broaches are used to prepare the femoral canal to a tight tolerance. Clinical outcomes hinge on accurate preoperative templating, meticulous surgical technique and appropriate selection of stem geometry to match the femoral canal flare index and trochanter morphology. Across diverse canine populations, cementless systems have demonstrated durable pain relief and restoration of mobility, while challenges remain in revision scenarios, sclerotic bone preparation and cases with altered acetabular rim anatomy. Advances in imaging, implant materials and broach design continue to refine primary stability and reduce early micromotion, thereby enhancing long-term success and expanding the global applicability of cementless hip replacement in veterinary practice.

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Cementless Total Hip Arthroplasty in Canine Patients publication trend

The graph below shows the total number of articles in cementless total hip arthroplasty in canine patients across all publications each year (not limited to Nature Index journals).

Technical terms

Osteointegration: The process by which bone tissue grows into the porous surface of an implant, securing it in place.

Press-fit: A fixation method in which an implant is inserted into a slightly undersized bone cavity to achieve initial mechanical stability.

Femoral broach: A surgical instrument with cutting teeth used to shape the femoral canal to match the geometry of the implant stem.

Greater trochanter: The prominent bony projection on the proximal femur that serves as an attachment for gluteal muscles and influences stem positioning.

References

1. Biomechanical comparison of canine femurs implanted with either cemented (CFX®) or cementless (with lateral bolt) (BFX®+lb) total hip replacement under 4-point bending or torsional loads. Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology (2023).
2. Quasi-static mechanical evaluation of canine cementless total hip replacement broaches: effect of tooth design on broach and stem insertion. BMC Veterinary Research (2024).
3. Greater trochanter morphology and association with patient demographics, surgical factors, and post-operative stem position: a retrospective assessment of 150 cementless THRs in 135 dogs. BMC Veterinary Research (2022).