Frictional Properties in Orthodontic Bracket-Archwire Systems
Summary
The frictional interaction between orthodontic brackets and archwires governs the efficiency of tooth movement by sliding mechanics. This phenomenon arises from contact mechanics at the bracket slot and wire surface, influenced by material properties, surface topography, ligation method and the oral environment. Elevated frictional resistance can prolong treatment duration and necessitate higher force application, potentially compromising patient comfort and anchorage control. Advances in materials science and surface engineering have driven strategies to reduce friction, including novel alloy formulations, nanocoatings and low-friction bracket designs. These innovations aim to optimise the balance between sufficient force transmission for controlled tooth movement and minimal resistance to enhance treatment predictability. Emerging research examines the role of saliva film formation, in vivo ageing and tribofilm development, emphasising the need for clinically translatable solutions. Continued interdisciplinary efforts are pivotal to refining frictional performance and improving orthodontic outcomes on a global scale.
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Frictional Properties in Orthodontic Bracket-Archwire Systems publication trend
The graph below shows the total number of articles in frictional properties in orthodontic bracket-archwire systems across all publications each year (not limited to Nature Index journals).
Technical terms
Coefficient of friction: A dimensionless measure of resistance to sliding between two surfaces.
Surface roughness: Quantitative description of the microscopic texture that affects contact friction and wear.
Tribofilm: A boundary film formed during sliding contact that can provide lubrication and reduce friction.
Self-ligating bracket: An orthodontic bracket design incorporating a clip or door mechanism to secure the archwire without elastic ligatures, often reducing frictional forces.
References
- Functional Surface Coatings on Orthodontic Appliances: Reviews of Friction Reduction, Antibacterial Properties, and Corrosion Resistance. International Journal of Molecular Sciences (2023).
- Robust low friction performance of graphene sheets embedded carbon films coated orthodontic stainless steel archwires. Friction (2021).
- Functional Coatings for Orthodontic Archwires—A Review. Materials (2020).
- Application of a Molybdenum and Tungsten Disulfide Coating to Improve Tribological Properties of Orthodontic Archwires. Nanomaterials (2019).
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