Summary

In-hospital ischemic stroke poses unique challenges distinct from community-onset events. Patients already admitted for other conditions often have multiple comorbidities, sedative agents or monitoring limitations that delay recognition of new neurological deficits. Effective management demands an organised stroke alert pathway, early neurological assessment and immediate neuroimaging, usually non-contrast CT or MRI, to exclude haemorrhage and confirm vessel occlusion. Once diagnosed, candidates for intravenous thrombolysis must be evaluated rapidly against time-window and bleeding risk criteria, while those with large-vessel occlusions may proceed to endovascular thrombectomy under strict protocol. Admission or transfer to a dedicated stroke unit ensures coordinated multidisciplinary care, including secondary prevention, neurocritical monitoring, rehabilitation and risk-factor modification. Quality improvement initiatives—such as standardised checklists, electronic warning systems and stroke champions—have been introduced to reduce door-to-needle and onset-to-treatment times, aiming to close the gap between in-hospital and community stroke outcomes.

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In-Hospital Management of Ischemic Stroke publication trend

The graph below shows the total number of articles in in-hospital management of ischemic stroke across all publications each year (not limited to Nature Index journals).

Technical terms

Ischemic stroke: Brain infarction resulting from arterial occlusion leading to impaired perfusion and tissue ischaemia.

Intravenous thrombolysis: Administration of clot-dissolving medication (commonly tissue plasminogen activator) to restore cerebral blood flow.

Endovascular thrombectomy: Mechanical removal of an intracranial thrombus via catheter-based techniques.

Stroke unit: A specialised hospital ward staffed by a multidisciplinary team delivering coordinated acute and rehabilitative stroke care.

Reperfusion: Restoration of blood flow to ischaemic brain tissue, either pharmacologically or mechanically, to limit infarct size.

References

  1. Characteristics of in-hospital stroke patients in Sweden: A nationwide register-based study. European Stroke Journal (2023).
  2. Exploring strategies for management of in-hospital stroke in Sweden: A qualitative study. PLOS ONE (2024).
  3. Recognition of Strokes in the ICU: A Narrative Review. Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease (2023).
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