Infectious Coryza Diagnostics and Vaccine Development
Summary
Infectious coryza is an acute respiratory disease of poultry caused by the bacterium Avibacterium paragallinarum, with major impacts on global poultry health and production. Traditional diagnosis has relied on clinical observation, bacterial culture and serotyping into three principal serovars, yet these methods are time-consuming and often lack sensitivity during subclinical or mixed infections. Advances in molecular diagnostics have introduced highly specific polymerase chain reaction assays, whole-genome sequencing and rapid immunoassays, enabling earlier detection and more informed control measures. Parallel efforts in vaccine development confront the challenge of serovar diversity and the emergence of NAD-independent strains. Current vaccine strategies encompass inactivated whole-cell preparations formulated with oil adjuvants, multivalent combinations to broaden protection and exploratory antigen-based approaches targeting virulence factors. These innovations aim to enhance cross-serovar efficacy, reduce the frequency of booster programmes and strengthen disease control in diverse production systems worldwide.
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Infectious Coryza Diagnostics and Vaccine Development publication trend
The graph below shows the total number of articles in infectious coryza diagnostics and vaccine development across all publications each year (not limited to Nature Index journals).
Technical terms
Avibacterium paragallinarum: Gram-negative bacterium responsible for infectious coryza in poultry.
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR): Molecular technique that amplifies specific DNA sequences for pathogen detection.
Real-time PCR: PCR variant that quantifies amplified DNA in real time using fluorescent probes.
Lateral flow test: Rapid immunoassay that detects antigen–antibody binding on a test strip for point-of-care diagnosis.
Serovar: Subdivision within a bacterial species defined by distinct surface antigens.
Adjuvant: Substance added to a vaccine to enhance immune response against the antigen.
References
- HutZ is required for efficient heme utilization and contributes to the pathogenicity of Avibacterium paragallinarum. Microbiology Spectrum (2023).
- A Highly Sensitive and Specific Probe-Based Real-Time PCR for the Detection of Avibacterium paragallinarum in Clinical Samples From Poultry. Frontiers in Veterinary Science (2021).
- Development of a lateral flow test for the rapid detection of Avibacterium paragallinarum in chickens suspected of having infectious coryza. BMC Veterinary Research (2018).
- Study on the efficacy and safety of different antigens and oil formulations of infectious coryza vaccines containing an NAD-independent strain of Avibacterium paragallinarum. Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research (2009).
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