Laparoscopic Techniques in Splenic Surgery
Summary
The advent of laparoscopic surgery has revolutionised splenic procedures by minimising trauma, reducing postoperative pain and shortening hospital stays while preserving immunological function. Techniques range from total splenectomy to organ-preserving approaches such as partial and subtotal splenectomy. Refinements in instrumentation—including energy-based devices, stapling systems and articulating instruments—have enabled precise vascular control and parenchymal transection. Imaging guidance via preoperative embolisation or intraoperative ultrasound facilitates accurate localisation of lesions and delineation of vascular anatomy. Robotic platforms further enhance dexterity and three-dimensional vision, improving access in confined spaces. These advances have broadened indications to include treatment of cysts, benign tumours, traumatic injuries and metastatic deposits, underpinning a global shift towards splenic conservation whenever feasible. Clinical outcomes demonstrate low conversion rates, minimal blood loss and rapid return to normal activity, underscoring the technique’s safety and efficacy across diverse patient populations.
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Laparoscopic Techniques in Splenic Surgery publication trend
The graph below shows the total number of articles in laparoscopic techniques in splenic surgery across all publications each year (not limited to Nature Index journals).
Technical terms
Laparoscopic splenectomy: Removal of all or part of the spleen using minimally invasive keyhole techniques under pneumoperitoneum.
Partial splenectomy: Resection of a defined splenic segment to treat focal pathology while preserving residual immune tissue.
Subtotal splenectomy: Removal of the majority of splenic tissue, leaving a small functional remnant to maintain immunological activity.
Superselective embolisation: Percutaneous occlusion of specific splenic arterial branches to devascularise a targeted segment before surgery.
Robotic surgery: Use of telemanipulated robotic arms providing three-dimensional vision and articulated instruments for enhanced precision.
References
- Laparoscopic Subtotal Splenectomy: A Feasible Option in the Treatment of Splenic Metastasis. Annals of Surgical Oncology (2024).
- Partial splenectomy after preoperative embolization in a patient with metastatic melanoma – A case report. International Journal of Surgery Case Reports (2022).
- Robot-assisted resection of benign splenic tumors in children. Langenbeck's Archives of Surgery (2023).
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