Management of Oral Mucositis in Cancer Therapy
Summary
Oral mucositis is a debilitating complication of cytotoxic cancer treatments, characterised by ulcerative lesions, pain and risk of systemic infection. Its pathogenesis involves direct epithelial injury, generation of reactive oxygen species, pro-inflammatory cytokine cascades and secondary microbial colonisation. Effective management requires a multimodal approach combining rigorous oral hygiene protocols, prophylactic measures such as cryotherapy during infusion of specific chemotherapeutics, and targeted pharmacological agents to promote mucosal regeneration and attenuate inflammation. Supportive care with nutritional optimisation, analgesia and, where appropriate, growth factors plays an essential role in maintaining treatment intensity and patient quality of life. Advances in understanding the molecular triggers of mucosal injury are guiding the development of novel agents and delivery systems aimed at mitigating severity and accelerating healing.
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Management of Oral Mucositis in Cancer Therapy publication trend
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Technical terms
Oral mucositis: Inflammatory ulceration of the oral mucosa induced by chemotherapy or radiotherapy.
Reactive oxygen species (ROS): Highly reactive molecules derived from oxygen that contribute to cellular injury and inflammation.
Buccal tablet: A dosage form designed to adhere to the inner cheek for localised drug delivery.
Apremilast: An oral phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor with anti-inflammatory effects, repurposed here for topical application to mucosal lesions.
References
- Salivary Amylase‐Responsive Buccal Tablets Wipe Out Chemotherapy‐Rooted Refractory Oral Mucositis. Advanced Science (2024).
- MASCC/ISOO clinical practice guidelines for the management of mucositis secondary to cancer therapy. Cancer (2020).
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