Manganese Halides in Optoelectronic Applications
Summary
Manganese halides have emerged as versatile materials in optoelectronics owing to their strong d–d electronic transitions, tunable emission characteristics and structural diversity. By combining manganese(II) centres with halide anions and tailored organic or inorganic frameworks, researchers have obtained zero-dimensional, one-dimensional and three-dimensional structures that exhibit efficient photoluminescence, long excited-state lifetimes and high chemical stability. These materials encompass hybrid organic–inorganic perovskites, all-inorganic nanocrystals and chain compounds, each offering distinct emission wavelengths from green to red and even near-infrared. Control over coordination geometry, exciton confinement and host–guest interactions allows for colour tuning, enhanced quantum efficiency and stimuli-responsive behaviour. Applications span down-converted light-emitting diodes, broadband spectral converters, luminescent solar concentrators, X-ray scintillators and solvent vapour sensors. Advances in doping, alloying and ligand engineering continue to improve luminescence quantum yields and device integration, positioning manganese halides as promising eco-friendly alternatives to lead-based materials in global optoelectronic technologies.
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Manganese Halides in Optoelectronic Applications publication trend
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Technical terms
Photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY): The ratio of emitted photons to absorbed photons, indicating efficiency of luminescent materials.
Zero-dimensional (0D) structure: A framework in which luminescent units are spatially isolated, often yielding self-trapped exciton emission and narrow emission bands.
Self-trapped exciton (STE): An exciton localised by lattice distortion, leading to broad, Stokes-shifted emission with long lifetimes.
Perovskite: A crystal structure of the form ABX3, where A and B are cations and X is an anion, prized for tunable optoelectronic properties and defect tolerance.
References
- Direct Evidence of the Effect of Water Molecules Position in the Spectroscopy, Dynamics, and Lighting Performance of an Eco‐Friendly Mn‐Based Organic–Inorganic Metal Halide Material for High‐Performance LEDs and Solvent Vapor Sensing. Advanced Science (2024).
- Zn(II) Alloying Improves the Luminescence Efficiency of Hybrid Tetrahedral Mn(II) Halides ((DMAPH)2MnX4; X = Cl, Br, and I) to Near-Unity. ACS Materials Letters (2023).
- Cesium Manganese Bromide Nanocrystal Sensitizers for Broadband Vis-to-NIR Downshifting. ACS Energy Letters (2022).
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