Microgrid Optimization in Active Distribution Systems
Summary
Microgrids are self-contained clusters of distributed energy resources (DERs), storage and controllable loads that can operate autonomously or in concert with the main power grid. In active distribution systems, these microgrids serve to enhance resilience, reduce losses and integrate renewable generation. Optimisation in this context encompasses planning and real-time operation: from siting and sizing of generation and storage assets to dynamic reconfiguration of network topology. Key objectives include minimising operational cost, reducing voltage deviations and curbing power losses, while respecting reliability and power quality constraints. Advanced algorithms tackle uncertainty in renewable output and load demand, enabling adaptive islanding, seamless grid reconnection and efficient energy sharing. As energy systems worldwide pursue decarbonisation and greater flexibility, optimised microgrid deployment within active distribution networks underpins smarter, more reliable and lower-carbon electricity delivery.
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Microgrid Optimization in Active Distribution Systems publication trend
The graph below shows the total number of articles in microgrid optimization in active distribution systems across all publications each year (not limited to Nature Index journals).
Technical terms
Active Distribution System: An electricity network where power flows are actively managed through intelligent control of DERs, storage and demand to maintain stability and efficiency.
Microgrid: A localized grouping of DERs, storage and loads capable of operating independently or in grid-connected mode.
Distributed Energy Resources (DERs): Small-scale generation or storage units, such as photovoltaic panels, wind turbines and battery systems, located close to the load.
Energy Storage System (ESS): Technology (typically batteries) for storing electrical energy to balance supply and demand over time.
Islanding: The process by which a microgrid disconnects from the main grid to continue supplying its loads autonomously.
Topology Optimisation: The adjustment of network configuration, including line switching and microgrid boundaries, to achieve performance objectives.
Multi-objective Optimisation: An approach that simultaneously optimises several conflicting objectives, yielding a set of trade-off (Pareto-optimal) solutions.
References
- Multi‐objective design method for construction of multi‐microgrid systems in active distribution networks. IET Smart Grid (2020).
- Real-Time Power Management for Microgrids With Dynamic Boundaries and Multiple Source Locations. IEEE Access (2022).
- Emergency Power Supply Restoration Strategy for Distribution Network Considering Support of Microgrids with High-Dimensional Dynamic Correlations. Electronics (2023).
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