Nanofluid Wall Jet Flow and Heat Transfer Dynamics
Summary
Nanofluid wall jet flow encompasses the study of nanoscale-particle-laden fluids directed along a solid surface, forming a thin, high-velocity boundary layer that greatly enhances convective heat transfer. By dispersing metallic or oxide nanoparticles in a base liquid, engineers achieve improved thermal conductivity, modified viscosity and tailored flow behaviour. These traits are especially valuable in applications requiring precise temperature control, such as electronic cooling, microreactors and advanced thermal management systems. Research in this domain spans experimental characterisation, analytical similarity solutions and high-fidelity numerical simulations, often incorporating complex boundary conditions such as convective heat sinks, slip at the wall, buoyancy forces and porous substrates modelled by extensions of Darcy or Brinkman equations. Central concerns include maximising the Nusselt number while managing pressure losses via the skin friction coefficient, optimising particle volume fraction for stability and thermal performance, and understanding the interplay between radiative effects and nanoparticle dynamics. Recent advances have also explored hybrid nanofluids containing two or more nanoparticle species, and the impact of non-Newtonian rheology on jet impingement profiles. Together, these developments underscore the global significance of nanofluid wall jet systems for next-generation cooling technologies and energy-efficient heat exchangers.
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Nanofluid Wall Jet Flow and Heat Transfer Dynamics publication trend
The graph below shows the total number of articles in nanofluid wall jet flow and heat transfer dynamics across all publications each year (not limited to Nature Index journals).
Technical terms
Nanofluid: A fluid containing dispersed nanoparticles (1–100 nm) designed to improve thermal conductivity and convective heat-transfer characteristics.
Wall jet flow: A jet of fluid issuing parallel to a solid boundary, forming a thin, high-velocity layer that interacts closely with the surface.
Nusselt number: A dimensionless ratio expressing convective to conductive heat transfer; higher values indicate more efficient surface cooling or heating.
Skin friction coefficient: A dimensionless measure of shear stress at the surface relative to inertial forces, reflecting pressure loss due to viscous drag.
References
- Explicit solutions of wall jet flow subject to a convective boundary condition. Boundary Value Problems (2014).
- Impact of Irregular Heat Sink/Source on the Wall Jet Flow and Heat Transfer in a Porous Medium Induced by a Nanofluid with Slip and Buoyancy Effects. Symmetry (2022).
- Impact of Thermal and Activation Energies on Glauert Wall Jet (WJ) Heat and Mass Transfer Flows Induced by ZnO-SAE50 Nano Lubricants with Chemical Reaction: The Case of Brinkman-Extended Darcy Model. Lubricants (2023).
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