Neuroprotective Effects of Borneol in Ischemic Stroke Management
Summary
Borneol, a bicyclic monoterpene derived from medicinal plants, has emerged as a multifaceted neuroprotective agent in the management of ischaemic stroke. It enhances cerebral perfusion, modulates blood–brain barrier permeability and attenuates downstream cascade events such as excitotoxicity, oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis. By transiently opening tight junctions and regulating efflux transporters, borneol facilitates co-delivery of neuroprotective compounds to the ischaemic penumbra while preserving barrier integrity against prolonged injury. In later stages, borneol supports endogenous repair by promoting neurogenesis and angiogenesis, offering a comprehensive strategy spanning acute intervention through subacute recovery. Its favourable safety profile and capacity to synergise with existing therapeutics underscore its translational potential in stroke care.
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Neuroprotective Effects of Borneol in Ischemic Stroke Management publication trend
The graph below shows the total number of articles in neuroprotective effects of borneol in ischemic stroke management across all publications each year (not limited to Nature Index journals).
Technical terms
Blood–Brain Barrier (BBB): a selective interface of endothelial cells, tight junctions and transporters that regulates exchange between the bloodstream and brain tissue.
Excitotoxicity: neuronal injury resulting from excessive stimulation of glutamate receptors, leading to calcium overload and cell death.
Reactive oxygen species (ROS): chemically reactive oxygen derivatives that can damage lipids, proteins and nucleic acids under pathological conditions.
Neurogenesis: the process by which new neurons are generated from neural stem or progenitor cells in the adult brain.
Angiogenesis: formation of new blood vessels from pre-existing vasculature, essential for restoring perfusion in ischaemic tissue.
References
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Borneol‐Based Polymeric Micelles Intracerebral Drug Delivery System for Precisely Pathogenesis‐Adaptive Treatment of Ischemic Stroke. Advanced Science (2025).
- Borneol, a novel agent that improves central nervous system drug delivery by enhancing blood–brain barrier permeability. Drug Delivery (2017).
- Borneol for Regulating the Permeability of the Blood‐Brain Barrier in Experimental Ischemic Stroke: Preclinical Evidence and Possible Mechanism. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity (2019).
- Borneol Depresses P-Glycoprotein Function by a NF-κB Signaling Mediated Mechanism in a Blood Brain Barrier in Vitro Model. International Journal of Molecular Sciences (2015).
- Progress in Borneol Intervention for Ischemic Stroke: A Systematic Review. Frontiers in Pharmacology (2021).
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