Optimization of Overhead Transmission Lines Design and Performance
Summary
Overhead transmission lines form the arterial network of modern power systems, connecting generation sites to load centres across diverse terrains and climates. Optimisation of their design and performance demands an integration of electrical, mechanical and environmental considerations. Key objectives include minimising line losses, ensuring structural integrity under wind, ice and seismic loads, and maintaining adequate clearances to prevent corona discharge and electromagnetic interference. Advanced computer-aided modelling now enables detailed sag-tension calculations, electric field simulations and transient studies, while novel conductor materials and bundle configurations enhance ampacity and reduce corona noise. Risk mitigation strategies—such as strategic placement of surge arresters, optimised insulator strings and adaptive damping devices—improve reliability in the face of lightning, galloping and partial ice accretion. Moreover, the drive towards ultra-high-voltage (UHV) lines to accommodate long-distance, high-capacity transfer has spurred research into composite insulators, corona ring design and tower geometry. The convergence of these developments underpins global efforts to deliver resilient, efficient and cost-effective transmission infrastructure that can integrate renewable generation and meet stringent environmental and safety standards.
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Optimization of Overhead Transmission Lines Design and Performance publication trend
The graph below shows the total number of articles in optimization of overhead transmission lines design and performance across all publications each year (not limited to Nature Index journals).
Technical terms
Corona onset voltage: The minimum conductor voltage at which ionisation of surrounding air begins, leading to corona discharge.
Non-uniform accreted ice: Uneven ice deposit on conductors causing asymmetric mechanical loads and altered sag behaviour.
Surge arrester: A protective device that limits transient overvoltages by diverting excess energy to earth.
Insulator string: A series of insulator units that electrically isolates the conductor from the tower while bearing mechanical load.
References
- Analysis of Non-Uniform Accreted Ice in Overhead Power Lines Using SAP2000. IEEE Access (2022).
- Reduction of the number of faults caused by lightning for transmission line. International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) (2019).
- Corona Onset Characteristics of Bundle Conductors in UHV AC Power Lines at 2200 m Altitude. Energies (2018).
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