Pharmacological Properties of Siraitia Grosvenorii Extracts

Siraitia grosvenorii fruit extract is characterised by a suite of cucurbitane‐type triterpene glycosides, collectively known as mogrosides, with mogroside V as the predominant component. These compounds exert multifaceted pharmacological actions: they attenuate oxidative stress, modulate lipid and glucose metabolism, and regulate inflammatory and immune pathways. Preclinical models of obesity, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and diabetes have demonstrated that mogrosides activate AMP‐activated protein kinase, inhibit de novo lipogenesis, enhance fatty acid oxidation and suppress pro‐inflammatory cytokines. Respiratory benefits include antitussive and expectorant effects, underscoring traditional uses in pharyngitis and cough relief. Emerging evidence also supports hepatoprotective and antimicrobial activities. Advances in extraction, purification and yield optimisation have laid the groundwork for translational studies in functional foods and nutraceuticals, while mechanistic insights continue to guide the rational development of mogroside-based interventions.

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Pharmacological Properties of Siraitia Grosvenorii Extracts publication trend

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Technical terms

Mogrosides: Cucurbitane‐type triterpene glycosides responsible for intense sweetness and diverse bioactivities in S. grosvenorii extract.

Triterpene saponins: Amphipathic secondary metabolites comprising a triterpene aglycone linked to sugar residues, contributing to pharmacological effects.

Endophytic fungi: Microorganisms residing within plant tissues that can catalyse biotransformation of natural products into novel derivatives.

Biotransformation: Enzymatic conversion of one chemical entity into another, often enhancing yield or altering biological activity.

Glycoside hydrolase: Enzyme class that hydrolyses glycosidic bonds in glycosides, facilitating selective removal or addition of sugar moieties.

References

1. Plant endophytic fungi exhibit diverse biotransformation pathways of mogrosides and show great potential application in siamenoside I production. Bioresources and Bioprocessing (2024).
2. Siraitia grosvenorii (Swingle) C. Jeffrey: Research Progress of Its Active Components, Pharmacological Effects, and Extraction Methods. Foods (2023).
3. A Review of the Phytochemistry and Pharmacology of the Fruit of Siraitia grosvenorii (Swingle): A Traditional Chinese Medicinal Food. Molecules (2022).