Plasmon-Induced Transparency in Graphene-Based Metamaterials
Summary
Plasmon-induced transparency (PIT) in graphene-based metamaterials arises from the interference between distinct plasmonic resonant modes, typically a radiative “bright” mode and a subradiative “dark” mode. In these engineered structures, graphene’s unique ability to support highly confined surface plasmon polaritons in the terahertz to mid-infrared range is exploited to realise narrow transparency windows within otherwise opaque spectral regions. By tuning the Fermi energy of graphene via electrostatic gating or chemical doping, the resonance frequencies and coupling strengths can be dynamically adjusted, enabling voltage-driven modulation of transmission, absorption and group delay. Such control leads to pronounced slow-light effects and enhanced field localisation, with direct implications for the design of compact optical switches, modulators, sensors and slow-light devices. The interplay of geometry, carrier mobility and environmental refractive index further extends the functional versatility of these metamaterials, positioning them as a platform for next-generation terahertz photonic technologies.
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Plasmon-Induced Transparency in Graphene-Based Metamaterials publication trend
The graph below shows the total number of articles in plasmon-induced transparency in graphene-based metamaterials across all publications each year (not limited to Nature Index journals).
Technical terms
Plasmon-induced transparency: A spectral window of enhanced transmission created by destructive interference between bright and dark plasmonic modes.
Metamaterial: An artificially structured medium engineered to exhibit electromagnetic properties not found in natural materials.
Graphene: A single atomic layer of carbon with exceptional electrical conductivity and tunable plasmonic response.
Bright mode: A plasmonic resonance that couples strongly to incident radiation, leading to broad spectral features.
Dark mode: A subradiant plasmonic resonance with weak direct coupling to free-space light, giving rise to narrow spectral features when excited indirectly.
Fermi energy: The chemical potential level in graphene that governs charge carrier density and plasmon resonance frequency.
References
- Absorption and slow-light analysis based on tunable plasmon-induced transparency in patterned graphene metamaterial.. Optics Express (2019).
- Novel terahertz optical switch based on PIT phenomenon and Lorentz theory. iScience (2024).
- Sensing Based on Plasmon-Induced Transparency in H-Shaped Graphene-Based Metamaterials. Nanomaterials (2024).
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