Platelet-Rich Fibrin Applications in Tissue Regeneration
Summary
Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) is an autologous biomaterial generated by centrifugation of peripheral blood without anticoagulants. It forms a fibrin matrix rich in platelets, leukocytes and growth factors, providing a three-dimensional scaffold that supports cell migration, proliferation and differentiation. The sustained release of bioactive molecules such as platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) accelerates angiogenesis and osteogenesis, thereby enhancing both hard and soft tissue healing. PRF variants, including advanced PRF (A-PRF) and injectable PRF (i-PRF), have broadened clinical applications across oral and maxillofacial surgery, periodontology, implantology, wound management and regenerative medicine. Optimised centrifugation protocols enable modulation of fibrin architecture and cellular content, tailoring the matrix to specific regenerative needs.
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Platelet-Rich Fibrin Applications in Tissue Regeneration publication trend
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Technical terms
Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF): An autologous fibrin clot matrix enriched with platelets and leukocytes, used to deliver growth factors and support tissue regeneration.
Injectable PRF (i-PRF): A liquid form of PRF obtained by low-speed centrifugation, allowing minimally invasive injection and enhanced cell enrichment.
Growth factors: Bioactive peptides (e.g. PDGF, TGF-β, VEGF) that regulate cellular activities such as proliferation, migration and differentiation during healing.
Angiogenesis: The formation of new blood vessels from existing vasculature, essential for delivering nutrients and cells to regenerating tissue.
References
- Ten years of injectable platelet‐rich fibrin. Periodontology 2000 (2023).
- Platelet-rich fibrin obtained from different protocols affects the formation of the in vitro multispecies subgingival biofilm associated with periodontitis. Journal of Oral Microbiology (2025).
- Maxillary Sinus Augmentation Using Autologous Platelet Concentrates (Platelet-Rich Plasma, Platelet-Rich Fibrin, and Concentrated Growth Factor) Combined with Bone Graft: A Systematic Review. Cells (2023).
- Growth factor and pro-inflammatory cytokine contents in platelet-rich plasma (PRP), plasma rich in growth factors (PRGF), advanced platelet-rich fibrin (A-PRF), and concentrated growth factors (CGF). International Journal of Implant Dentistry (2016).
- Reduction of relative centrifugation force within injectable platelet-rich-fibrin (PRF) concentrates advances patients’ own inflammatory cells, platelets and growth factors: the first introduction to the low speed centrifugation concept. European Journal of Trauma and Emergency Surgery (2017).
- Obtention of injectable platelets rich-fibrin (i-PRF) and its polymerization with bone graft: technical note. Revista do Colégio Brasileiro de Cirurgiões (2015).
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