Thermodynamic Properties of Liquid Mixtures
Summary
Thermodynamic properties of liquid mixtures—such as density, viscosity, refractive index, compressibility and mixing enthalpies—govern the design and optimisation of processes across chemical, pharmaceutical and energy sectors. Deviations from ideal behaviour arise from molecular interactions that depend on temperature, pressure and composition. Excess properties quantify these deviations and provide insight into enthalpic and entropic contributions. Equations of state, activity‐coefficient models and empirical mixing rules serve to predict both volumetric and transport properties. Advances in high‐precision measurement techniques and modelling frameworks have improved the reliability of property databases and enabled the capture of subtle synergistic or antagonistic interactions in complex hydrocarbon, polar and biomass‐derived systems. These developments underpin the efficient formulation of fuels, solvents and reactive media, and contribute to sustainable process intensification.
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Thermodynamic Properties of Liquid Mixtures publication trend
The graph below shows the total number of articles in thermodynamic properties of liquid mixtures across all publications each year (not limited to Nature Index journals).
Technical terms
Excess property: A measure of deviation in a thermodynamic quantity (such as volume or enthalpy) of a real mixture from that predicted for an ideal mixture at the same conditions.
Equation of state: A mathematical relation between pressure, temperature and volume (or density) used to describe the thermodynamic behaviour of pure fluids or mixtures.
Activity coefficient: A dimensionless factor that quantifies non-ideality in the chemical potential of a component within a mixture.
Isentropic compressibility: The relative volume change of a fluid under pressure variation at constant entropy, related to sound velocity.
Arrhenius viscosity equation: An expression that describes the temperature dependence of viscosity via an activation energy and a pre-exponential factor.
References
- Chromatic dispersion and thermal coefficients of hygroscopic liquids: 5 glycols and glycerol. Scientific Data (2023).
- Viscosities and Densities of Binary and Ternary Mixtures of Aliphatic and Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons: Pyrene +1-Methylnaphthalene + Dodecane at T = (293.15 to 343.15) K. Experiment and Modeling. Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling (2024).
- Correlation analysis of the relationship between Arrhenius viscosity parameters in Binary Liquid Mixtures. South African Journal of Chemical Engineering (2023).
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