Transnasal Endoscopic Techniques in Choanal Atresia Management
Summary
Choanal atresia, a congenital blockage of the posterior nasal airway, demands precise surgical intervention to restore patency while minimising trauma and restenosis. Transnasal endoscopic approaches employ slender endoscopes and micro-instruments introduced through the nostrils, allowing direct visualisation and targeted removal of bony or membranous obstructions. These techniques have evolved to incorporate tailored mucosal flaps, refined drill and microdebrider systems, and the judicious use of stents or bioabsorbable scaffolds, with the aim of promoting mucosal healing and reducing re-intervention rates. Emphasis has been placed on preserving nasal mucosa, optimising choanal aperture size, and integrating perioperative imaging and navigation tools. Global experience has underscored the role of multidisciplinary care, combining paediatric otolaryngology expertise with advances in biomaterials, to achieve durable airway outcomes in neonates and older children alike.
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Transnasal Endoscopic Techniques in Choanal Atresia Management publication trend
The graph below shows the total number of articles in transnasal endoscopic techniques in choanal atresia management across all publications each year (not limited to Nature Index journals).
Technical terms
Choanal atresia: Congenital obstruction of the posterior nasal airway by bony or membranous tissue.
Transnasal endoscopic approach: A surgical method using nasal endoscopes and fine instruments introduced through the nostrils for direct visualisation of intranasal structures.
Septonasal flap: A mucosal flap raised from the septum and lateral nasal wall to cover exposed bone and maintain choanal opening.
Bioabsorbable steroid-eluting stent: A degradable implant that releases corticosteroid locally to reduce inflammation and scarring during healing.
Restenosis: Recurrence of narrowing or closure of the airway following surgical repair.
References
- Current Updates on Choanal Atresia. Frontiers in Pediatrics (2015).
- Combination of the endoscopic septonasal flap technique and bioabsorbable steroid-eluting stents for repair of congenital choanal atresia in neonates and infants: a retrospective study. Journal of Otolaryngology (2021).
- Surgical treatment of choanal atresia with transnasal endoscopic approach with stentless single side-hinged flap technique: 5 year retrospective analysis. Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology (2016).
- Unilateral Choanal Atresia in a Child With Prolonged Nasal Congestion. Cureus (2024).
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