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Gold samples can be heated to more than 14 times their melting point while retaining their crystalline structure, far surpassing the predicted entropy catastrophe threshold and suggesting a substantially higher or potentially no limit for superheating.

The perceived toxicity of organometallic reagents has limited their use in living systems. Now it has been shown that balancing flexible chelation with biocompatible ligands without precluding chemical reactivity enables organonickel-mediated S-arylation inside cells. This reaction enables deep chemical surveys of reactive proteins and covalent tracking of intracellular viral and bacterial pathogens.

Latent catalysis in olefin metathesis has seen great progress over the years, leading to key advances in the properties of polymers and 3D printing technologies. Now it is shown that the latency mechanism can be extended to the monomer through quadricyclane–norbornadiene interconversion, expanding the tools available to this field.

Following its internalisation, active endosomal GLP-1R engages with VAPB and SPHKAP at ER membrane contact sites to assemble a local cAMP/PKA condensate for the control of MICOS complex phosphorylation, mitochondrial remodelling and β-cell function.

Superlubric arrays of double-bilayer graphene enable elastically coupled switching between Bernal and rhombohedral graphene polytypes under shear forces below 1 nN with an estimated energy cost of less than 1 fJ per switching event.

Cardiovascular disease remains the leading global cause of death, highlighting the need for better imaging of myocardial injury. Here, the authors show that SPOT, an AI powered dual bright- and black-blood imaging approach, improves myocardial scar detection and measurement for more accurate diagnosis and treatment of heart disease.

Porous supraspheres offer the host properties of supramolecular cages while rivalling the capacities of porous solid-state materials.

Functional and structural characterization of PtmA2 reveals that it is an unusual non-adenylating acyl-CoA ligase and part of a system wherein the canonical acyl-CoA ligase reaction is separated into two half-reactions performed by distinct enzymes.

This study associates p53 loss and brain metastasis in breast cancer. Mechanistically, p53-null tumors recruit astrocytes that provide substrates for enhanced fatty acid synthesis via upregulated SCD1 expression, representing a targetable axis in the disease.

cellSTAAR advances noncoding rare variant association analysis by integrating single-cell genomics data.

Spin manipulation in memory devices typically requires large electrical currents, limiting performance. Here the authors demonstrate magnetization switching in ferromagnetic films by depositing chiral molecules, making use of a proximity effect without needing magnetic or electric fields.

Recent MPXV outbreaks underscore the need for better vaccines and treatments. Here, the authors isolate and structurally characterize potent antibodies interacting with A28 that they identify as a key viral surface protein essential for viral entry and that induces strong, protective antibody response in mice.

Lipid bilayers under the influence of electric fields, similar to those across cell membranes, act as moderators of shear force between solid surfaces, presenting a new route to tuning interfacial properties across thin films.

Multiwalled WS₂ and WSe₂ nanotubes with predominantly a single chiral angle are produced in a chemical vapour deposition reactor using gold nanoparticles as a catalyst. This strategy paves the way for the growth of transition metal dichalcogenide nanotubes with controllable structures for further exploring their physical properties and potential applications.

Most new device concepts for random-access memory are based on inorganic spin filters, which need a permanent magnet to operate. Here, the authors exploit the chiral-induced spin selectivity effect in an organic spin filter to construct a novel type of memory device, which works without a permanent magnet.

Here, combining structural, proteomics and biochemical analyses, the authors elucidate how the keystone gut bacterium Ruminococcus bromii assembles a specialized enzyme complex, the amylosome, to efficiently break down resistant starch, a cardinal dietary fiber that influences gut microbiome function and health.

Classical theories of electrode kinetics assume a homogeneous electrode-solution interface. Here, authors reveal that electron transfer at a macroscopic electrode exhibits significant spatial inhomogeneity due to nonuniform solution resistance, which can be reduced by a retracted electrode design.

Ionescu, Ankol et al. show that, in ALS mouse and iPSC models, TDP-43 aggregation at NMJs stems from aberrant axonal translation, normally repressed by muscle EV-derived miR126. Loss of miR126 in ALS increases TDP-43 buildup, impairs local synthesis and triggers degeneration.

Spin-enhanced lateral flow tests use nanodiamonds for the sensitive, robust detection of disease biomarkers. Here, authors report a clinical evaluation of a test for SARS-CoV-2 antigen, finding 95.1% sensitivity (Ct ≤ 30) and 100% specificity, with detection 2.0 days earlier than conventional tests.

The efficiency of photocatalysis on semiconductor-metal hybrid nanostructures can be influenced by myriad factors. Here, through both experimental and theoretical efforts, the authors elucidate the influence of metal domain size upon performance of such structures, allowing future rational design.

TCR-engineered T cells have shown limited efficacy in part due to the absence of co-stimulation leading to limited accumulation in solid tumors. The authors here show engineering the CD8β coreceptor with an intracellular CD28 domain enhances cytokine production, persistence, and tumor control in vivo independent of tumor-associated co-stimulatory ligand encounter.

Surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy is a sensitive technique capable of detecting single molecules via their vibrational fingerprints. Here, the authors demonstrate improved sensitivity with photo-induced enhanced Raman spectroscopy applied to trace-level detection of explosives and other analytes.

Wastewater surveillance for disease outbreaks currently requires lab testing which causes delays. Here, authors develop ultra-sensitive quantum sensors enabling 2-hour near-source pathogen detection from raw wastewater with high sensitivity and specificity, creating a portable “lab-in-a-suitcase” system.

Bacteria can produce membranous nanotubes that mediate contact-dependent exchange of molecules between bacterial cells. Here, Baidya et al. show that cell-wall remodelling enzymes from Bacillus subtilis are required for efficient nanotube extrusion and penetration, and can be delivered to other bacterial species via nanotubes.

Cysteine oxidation transforms non-cleavable heterobifunctional lysine-cysteine cross-linked peptides into MS-cleavable ones, enabling their unambiguous identification at the systems level. Here, using in-cell XL-MS analysis, the authors reveal structural features of cellular networks complementary to existing reagents.

Small regulatory RNAs can act on target mRNAs to control their translation and stability. Here, the authors present evidence that this riboregulation can potentially regulate by pairing to a target site within translation initiation complex and translation-transcription assemblies.

Inorganic structured nanomaterials with chiral symmetry groups may have interesting optical activities. Here, the authors use biomolecules to synthesize chiral tellurium and selenium nanostructures, which exhibit visible optical and chiroptical responses and may be used as templates for mixed metal structures.

This paper describes the Simons Sleep Project, an open resource designed to accelerate research into the sleep and daily behaviors of autistic children using synchronized recordings from multiple wearable and nearable devices for >3,600 days and nights.

In Caenorhabditis tropicalis, three toxin–antidote elements arose via gene duplication from the essential tRNA-synthetase subunit FARS-3. The ancestral antidote probably acquired affinity for FARS-3, enabling presuppression of toxicity and allowing otherwise deleterious mutant alleles to evolve into selfish genes.

This updated analysis of the Cell Tracking Challenge explores how algorithms for cell segmentation and tracking in both 2D and 3D have advanced in recent years, pointing users to high-performing tools and developers to open challenges.

Introduced here is a light-induced MOF synthesis, enabled by plasmonic nanoparticles. The method, proven to be rapid and efficient, can also promote the formation of a nanoparticle-MOF composite, imparting photothermal properties to the new material.

Scientists have gained a fundamental insight into the ultrafast dynamics in nanoplasma formation and relaxations, yet the effective control on the emission behaviors of nanoplasma, is still lacking. Here, the authors report the experimental realization of well-controlled ion emission from transient nanoplasmas induced by intense femtosecond laser pulses.

Multidrug efflux pumps actively expel a wide range of toxic substrates from bacteria and play a major role in drug resistance. Here authors show the in situ structure of the efflux pump AcrAB-TolC obtained by electron cryo-tomography and subtomogram averaging.

Bacteria of the phylum Bacteroidota move by gliding and export proteins using a type-9 secretion system. Here, Liu et al. show that these two processes use a shared mechanism in which outer membrane proteins are covalently attached by disulfide bonds to a moving track structure inside the cell.

Mirusviruses were detected in metagenomic datasets, but little is known about how they infect their hosts. Here, the authors characterize mirusviruses in the marine protist Aurantiochytrium, detecting virions, viral genes and proteins, and establishing this as a valuable model system.

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) variability and its phenotypic consequences aren’t well studied in relation to viral replication fitness and disease severity. Here, the authors identify a replication-enhancing domain in non-structural protein 5A, linking high replication fitness to severe disease outcomes, with implications for understanding HCV pathogenesis in immunocompromised patients.

Analysis of cancer genome sequencing data has enabled the discovery of driver mutations. Here, as part of the ICGC/TCGA Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes (PCAWG) Consortium the authors present DriverPower, a software package that identifies coding and non-coding driver mutations within cancer whole genomes via consideration of mutational burden and functional impact evidence.

Here authors identify GluN2D-containing NMDA receptors on interneurons as a specific target for rapid antidepressant action. Blocking GluN2D restores stress-impaired plasticity and mimics the effects of ketamine with fewer side effects.

Chronic care manages long-term, progressive conditions, while acute care handles short-term ones. Here, authors show chronic conditions account for most of the global health burden, with 68% of DALYs and 93% of YLDs attributed to chronic care needs.

Efficient nanoparticle delivery into tumours has been a challenge in the field. It is now shown that the efficiency can be improved substantially when the dose breaches a specific threshold.

Photothermal solution heating with nanoscale heat sources is an efficient alternative to conventional heating methods. Here, the authors use silica-encapsulated gold nanoparticles to drive the colloidal synthesis of iron oxide, silver, and palladium nanoparticles at lower temperatures.

Structural and biochemical studies of the β-barrel-assembly machinery from Flavobacterium johnsoniae reveal a subunit composition and assembly that are distinct from those of the canonical Escherichia coli complex.

A 1,024-channel microelectrode array is delivered to the brain cortex via a minimally invasive incision in the skull and dura, and allows recording, stimulation and neural decoding across large portions of the brain in porcine models and human neurosurgical patients.

Using mouse pancreatic cancer models, Tsanov et al. show that reactivation of SMAD4 at metastatic sites promotes tumor growth in the lung through RUNX1 but restrains metastatic growth through KLF4 in the liver, influenced by organ-specific epigenetic states.

Molecular electronics holds promise for building memristor at nanoscales for in-memory computing. Li et al. design tailored foldamers with furan-benzene and thiophene-benzene stacking to achieve voltage triggered quantum interference switching for potential random number generator application.