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Papaya is a trioecious species with XX females, XY males, and XY^h hermaphrodites, and the combination of Y and Y^h chromosomes is lethal. Here, the authors identify the degeneration of the YY lethality gene on the Y chromosome as the causal balancing lethal factor that reenforces dioecy and stabilizes balanced sex ratios.

Non-Annex I countries—mostly developing countries under the UN climate framework—excluding China accounted for approximately 61% of hydrofluorocarbon emission growth during 2011–2020, while China’s emissions have been overestimated since 2017, according to atmospheric observational data and inverse modelling.

The authors demonstrate the use of standing waves to generate localised heat using nanoantennae in integrated photonics. They utilise this heat to mediate all-photonic integration of 50 GHz optical signals, showing experimentally, the potential for achieving programmable nonlinear activation functions. This is a step towards full optical encoding in integrated photonic processors.

A matrix-confined molecular layer of compact surface coverage and good conductivity is developed as charge transport substrate to fabricate perovskite solar-cell devices with high efficiencies, which shows application potential for scalable production.

The stabilization of perovskites in both solution and solid phases is critical to the fabrication of solution-processed perovskite solar cells. Here, 4-(trifluoromethyl)phenylhydrazine is introduced to enhance storage stability, achieving consistent high efficiency of 26.0% in stable devices.

Mendelian randomization is used to evaluate genetic associations between multi-organ imaging traits and clinical outcomes, showing genetic links between organ systems in a variety of diseases.

Optical skyrmions offer new opportunities for noise-resistant mathematical operations using light.

Ferroelectric materials are broadly applicable to wearable electronics, but it is challenging to design polymers which are stable without compromising stability. Here the authors designed a ferroelectric elastomer optimizing these properties for wearable electronics.

In micro-nano polymeric composites, the modulation of phosphorescent emission performance through macroscopic electrostatic interactions not only significantly enhances emission intensity but also effectively extends the phosphorescence lifetime.

Sun et al. identify a role for PABPC1 in selectively regulating the translation of leukaemogenic mRNAs to promote blast crisis transition, which may be targeted to overcome resistance to TKI treatment in chronic myeloid leukaemia.

Organic room temperature phosphorescent materials have useful properties, but development can be limited by processing and stability challenges. Here, the authors report a derivatisation strategy for the preparation of room temperature phosphorescent materials responsive to an electrostatic field.

Two photonic platforms using a convolutional processing system with partially coherent light sources is shown to boost computing parallelism, demonstrated using the classification of gaits of patients with Parkinson’s disease and the MNIST handwritten digits dataset.

The hearing-loss phenotype can be corrected via the injection, into the inner ear, of a base editor packaged in an adeno-associated virus, as shown in mice harbouring a mutation homozygous to human OTOF and in humanized mice with the human mutation.

The use of a dimensionally graded 2D perovskite interface and passivation results in perovskite solar cells with very low photovoltage loss.

How SARS-CoV-2 enters cells and causes COVID-19 is still under intensive investigation. Here, the authors identify unexpected crosstalk between human coronavirus and filovirus entry and discover pan-inhibitors for these highly pathogenic viruses.

Computer haptics addresses tactile sensation and haptic rendering particularly for the Metaverse. Here, the authors report a design and implantation of a tactile scanner, to collect data used to render haptic feedback and recreate a feeling of touch.

Between 2013 and 2017, China enacted a series of policies to improve air quality by promoting a switch to cleaner fuels for households. This study examines the changes in energy cost and associated energy burden across regions and income groups during this period, finding an increased burden on rural households.

Fluorescence analysis is a fast and sensitive method for the trace detection of environmental toxins, but it remains challenging to develop a fluorescence method for detecting nonfluorescent toxins. Here, the authors report an indirect fluorescent sensing strategy for the rapid, selective and sensitive detection of the non-fluorescent microcystin as a model target.

Tailoring the composition of organic cations enables manipulating the recombination rates of perovskites. Optimized solution-processed perovskite emitters fabricated on silicon exhibit up to 42.6-MHz modulation bandwidth and 50-Mbps data rate.

Organic photovoltaics are promising for indoor applications, yet their voltage losses are large and limit device performance. Here, Cui et al. present a wide-gap non-fullerene acceptor that retains a voltage of 1.1 V at low light intensities enabling an efficiency of 26.1%.

Room temperature phosphorescence materials have been widely investigated, but promotion of the triplet exciton is still challenging. Here, the authors report an in-situ derivation strategy to promote the generation and stabilization of triplet excitons.

Here, graphene-based plasmonic metamaterials are used to generate an artificial bulk photovoltaic effect, enabling the realization of mid-infrared photodetectors with enhanced responsivity and calibration-free polarization detection at room temperature.

Halogenation has proved an effective strategy to improve the power conversion efficiencies of organic solar cells but it usually leads to lower open-circuit voltages. Here, Cui et al. unexpectedly obtain higher open-circuit voltages and achieve a record high PCE of 16.5% by chlorination.

It remains unclear how microbes and plants contribute to soil organic carbon (SOC) accrual. Here, using biomarkers, the authors show that microbial necromass and plant-derived lignin components have divergent accumulation mechanisms and that microbial necromass plays a key role in SOC accumulation.

Scanning probe microscopy has been extensively applied to probe interfacial water but the probes tend to disturb the structure of water easily. Here, the authors report submolecular-resolution imaging of water clusters within the nearly non-invasive region by qPlus noncontact atomic force microscopy.

A sodium ion hydrated with three (rather than one, two, four or five) water molecules diffuses orders of magnitude more quickly than the other ion hydrates owing to the interfacial symmetry mismatch.