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Global analysis of obesity trends from 1980 to 2024 in 200 countries and territories using data from 4,050 population-based studies reveals that framing obesity as a single global epidemic masks the highly varied dynamics across countries and age groups.

Analysis combining multiple global tree databases reveals that whether a location is invaded by non-native tree species depends on anthropogenic factors, but the severity of the invasion depends on the native species diversity.

An ALMA polarization survey towards 30 massive star-forming regions reveals that chaotic turbulence, rather than ordered magnetism, governs the formation of stellar cluster seeds, reshaping our understanding of how the most massive stars are born.

Understanding collective behaviour is an important aspect of managing the pandemic response. Here the authors show in a large global study that participants that reported identifying more strongly with their nation reported greater engagement in public health behaviours and support for public health policies in the context of the pandemic.

Analyses of snRNA genes in a French cohort of people with rare disorders, with validation through international collaboration, identify monoallelic and biallelic variants in RNU2-2 as frequent causes of neurodevelopmental disorders with epilepsy.

Current implementations of trapped atom interferometers are limited by the detrimental role of atomic interactions and trapping potential imperfections. To address these challenges, the authors develop a Mach-Zender atom interferometer by means of a double-well potential array, enabling trapped-atom-based gradiometry.

Human CEACAM6, which is widely expressed in the lung, is identified as a receptor used by the spike proteins of Cardioderma cor (heart-nosed bat) alphacoronaviruses to enter cells.

Genome-wide analysis coupled with long-read sequencing identifies a repeat expansion in GOLGA8A associated with high risk for atypical frontotemporal lobar degeneration with ubiquitin-positive inclusions.

Robustness checks and reproduction of analyses with existing and updated data based on 110 articles in economics and political science journals with data and code-sharing requirements found high levels of robustness and reproducibility and determined that robustness was not dependent on author characteristics or data availability.

MitoCatch is a cell-type-specific mitochondrion-targeting system that links mitochondria and the cell surface by protein binders and delivers mitochondria into the target cell.

The authors resolve 63 structurally diverse haplotype structures for the 22q11.2 deletion syndrome region. Deletion risk differs depending on structure; individuals of African ancestry are enriched for inverted repeats that predispose to inversion.

When 100 social and behavioural science claims were examined, 34% of reanalyses closely matched the original results, with 74% reaching the same conclusion, revealing limited robustness of single-path analyses and the need to address analytical uncertainty.

The efficacy of immunotherapy in microsatellite stable colorectal cancer is limited. Here, the authors show that within the Phase II NIVACOR trial, genomic and transcriptomic profiling is associated with treatment activity.

Saturation genome editing of RNU4-2 identifies the functional and clinical impact of variants across the entire gene and delineates variants that cause a new recessive neurodevelopmental disorder distinct from ReNU syndrome.

Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) detection is often limited by difficulties in preparing adequate tags – normally metallic nanoparticles (NPs) functionalised with Raman-active molecules. Here, the authors introduce LipoGold Tags, a platform where clusters of gold NPs self-assemble on lipid vesicles. These tags are used for SERS detection.

Benralizumab (an anti-IL-5 receptor α antibody), compared to placebo, significantly reduced the risk of first flare in patients with hypereosinophilic syndrome.

Tydeman et al. analyze pregnancy outcomes before the COVID-19 pandemic, during lockdowns, and after restrictions were lifted in >30,000 pregnancies from ethnically and socio-economically diverse individuals in the UK. Most pregnancy outcomes follow pre-pandemic temporal trends, either stable, increasing, or decreasing.

Biallelic variants in RNU4-2 cause a recessive neurodevelopmental disorder that is phenotypically and molecularly distinct from dominant ReNU syndrome and associated with reduced RNU4-2 transcript levels, consistent with a loss-of-function mechanism.

The authors show that adult hippocampal neurogenesis is altered in the dentate gyrus of obese mice with subsequent inhibition of long-term potentiation and impairment of pattern separation. Inhibition of orexin-A action at orexin-1 receptors rescued both impairments in obese mice.

Giardini et al. present an imaging method that combines quantitative measurements of cardiac electrophysiology with high-resolution three-dimensional structural reconstructions, enabling the detection of arrhythmogenic electrical coupling between cardiomyocytes and non-myocytes in murine hearts.

In this Perspective article, the authors propose an organ-based treat-to-target approach for Behçet syndrome. They highlight clinical challenges and knowledge gaps that need to be addressed before treat-to-target implementation and provide a framework for future research with the aim of improving long-term patient outcomes.

De Vries et al. performed prospective evaluation of AI for breast cancer screening leveraged in many different workflow settings and report several clinical and operational gains depending on the type of AI integration.

The gut microbiome-kidney crosstalk has been previously linked with metabolic and kidney diseases. Here, the authors show that microbial amino acid metabolism interacts with host kidney function to influence cardiorenal physiology in the early stages, with potential implications for long-term risk of cardiovascular disease in human populations.

This 2026 update integrates emerging trial evidence — particularly for weight loss and liver disease — to refine EASO’s treatment algorithm for obesity management.

Genomic analyses applied to 14 childhood- and adult-onset psychiatric disorders identifies five underlying genomic factors that explain the majority of the genetic variance of the individual disorders.

A new species of fossil synapsid from the Pennsylvanian (323–298 million years ago) of Canada represents the earliest known evidence of parental care in the form of a larger individual preserved with a small conspecific in close association, interpreted as denning.

In the phase 3 EMN24 IsKia trial, transplant-eligible patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma who received isatuximab with carfilzomib, lenalidomide and dexamethasone pretransplant induction and post-transplant consolidation showed higher rates of measurable residual disease negativity after consolidation than patients who received carfilzomib, lenalidomide and dexamethasone.

Chronic care manages long-term, progressive conditions, while acute care handles short-term ones. Here, authors show chronic conditions account for most of the global health burden, with 68% of DALYs and 93% of YLDs attributed to chronic care needs.

Bohlen and colleagues report that the E3 ubiquitin ligase CBL is necessary for the development, tolerance and activation of B cells in humans, unlike in mice where CBL deficiency results in loss of T cells.

Post-acute infection syndromes often have heterogeneous symptoms that are difficult to interpret. Here, the authors develop a latent trajectory analysis framework designed to categorise complex relationships in longitudinal data into distinct disease phenotypes and analyse transitions between them.