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Protein ubiquitination relies on specific interactions between E3 ligases and substrates. Here, the authors develop MetaESI, a deep learning framework that predicts these interactions and identifies binding interfaces de novo.

After deep-space flight, rice seeds show increase in mutations and alteration in DNA and RNA modifications. Multi-omics and single-cell analyses suggest a transcription factor named SVT1 suppresses the differentiation of mutation-carrying cells via the MAPK pathway.

Photo-cross-linking is widely used in protein science, but site-specific identification remains elusive. Here, the authors show that alkyl diazirine cross-links are inherently MS-cleavable and develop an analytical framework that integrates seamlessly with existing search platforms.

Intestinal Angptl4 integrates dietary and microbial signals to destabilize gut barrier integrity, driving early hepatic oxidative stress and MASLD progression.

Realising the potential of DNA nanomaterials for biomedical applications requires efficient manufacturing approaches. Here the authors develop a scalable bacteriophage-based method to directly produce stable, reproducible DNA nanoassemblies with minimal purification, enabling low-cost production.

Encoded libraries of synthetic macrocycles generated by ring-closing metathesis (RCM) hold significant potential to address conventionally undruggable targets, but the application of RCM to oligonucleotide-conjugated systems has been restricted. Here, authors report the synthesis of nucleic acid-tagged macrocycles via RCM in neat water, using an anionic, water-soluble ruthenium catalyst.

Single-cell multi-omics integration across gene expression, protein abundance and chromatin accessibility remains challenging. The authors present scMAGCA, an interpretable framework for integrating these modalities, and apply it to Alzheimer’s disease and kidney cancer to identify disease-associated cell states and biomarkers.

Returned farside lunar anorthosites have compositions similar to nearside counterparts and show a 4.41-Ga zircon age, indicating globally comparable magma ocean solidification and constraining the crustal dichotomy to post-magma-ocean reworking.

Tin-lead perovskites enable tandem devices to surpass the Shockley-Queisser limit, but oxidation of tin severely degrades film quality and performance. Jiang et al. stabilize bulk and surface with two natural antioxidants, boosting both single- and tandem-device efficiency and stability.

The authors conducted two trials to evaluate the efficacy and safety of NH600001, an etomidate derivative, in gastrointestinal endoscopy. The results showed NH600001 has a sedative effect while reducing the risk of adrenocortical depression.

Typically, metal additive manufacturing requires costly high vacuum/ultra-pure inert atmospheres to avoid material embrittlement. This alloy design simultaneously boosts a medium-entropy alloy’s strength and ductility through trace oxygen and nitrogen in-situ alloying, eliminating high-purity gas needs.

The authors present a straightforward chemodivergent and regioselective cross-hydroalkenylation of acrylates and vinylarenes, enabling intermolecular access to distinct conjugated olefin isomers that were previously inaccessible from those abundant substrate classes directly.

This study finds that the most dangerous tick-borne viruses infect many tick and animal species, boosting their chances of reaching humans. Bird migration helps spread them worldwide, and genetic adaptation may increase their ability to infect people.

Mitochondrial cristae structure is essential for energy production and immune regulation, but therapeutic strategies targeting cristae remodeling are lacking. Here, the authors show that targeting triose phosphate isomerase 1 restores cristae architecture, rewires microglial metabolism, and protects against ischemic stroke.

Here, the authors show that the chloride channel CFTR keeps osteocytes alive and limits bone loss, revealing a new mechanism for maintaining long-lived bone cells and suggesting a potential strategy to protect bone health.

Despite the success of CAR T cell-based immunotherapies, patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) face a high risk of recurrence. Here, the authors report clinical outcomes of a phaseI/II study on refractory NHL patients treated with anti-CD19-anti-CD20 CAR T cell product epigenetically reprogrammed with decitabine and CAR T cel properties. In addition, they investigate the persistence and fate of the CAR T cell product, indicating the acquisition of memory-like features, maintained cytotoxicity and reduced exhaustion signature.

Previous studies of vortex Majorana zero modes (MZMs) in iron-based superconductors have predominantly considered the case where magnetic field is parallel to the Dirac axis. Here, the authors focus on vortices oriented perpendicular to the Dirac axis, finding that such vortices are more favorable for observing vortex MZMs.

Gene co-expression networks reveal co-regulatory and co-functional gene relationships. Here, the authors introduce an ensemble method that combines unsupervised data partitioning with multi-metric co-expression scoring and demonstrates superior performance across public RNA-seq datasets of multiple species.

Microcavity exciton polaritons are a promising platform for optical parametric processes. Here, authors achieve efficient parametric emission with strong phase coherence in quantum confined microcavities, demonstrating a polariton supersolid phase at room temperature.

Analyses of sequencing data from 75,602 children referred for genetic testing from 2016 to 2025 provide insights on the association between pathogenic germline variants and childhood cancer.

The manuscript describes two pathogenic mutations in GTPBP3 that cause defects in mitochondrial tRNA taurine modification, mitochondrial translation, structure and function. Mutant mice reproduce certain clinical features seen in patients and this can be reversed by virus-mediated exogenous expression of Gtpbp3.

Growth-coupled biosynthesis in microbes can stabilise production yields, yet their population-level effects are unclear. Here the authors use ScRNA-seq to reveal that an evolved glycyrrhetinic acid-producing growth-coupled yeast strain population achieves division of labour.

In this study, the authors find that SHANK3’s large intrinsically disordered region mediates phase separation to support postsynaptic density remodeling during long-term potentiation, providing an insight into how autism spectrum disorder-linked SHANK3 mutations disrupt synaptic plasticity.

Landau levels have been observed in systems only with closed equifrequency contours (EFCs) around band singularities, i.e. type-I Dirac or Weyl systems. Here, we demonstrate the existence of Landau levels with open EFCs around band singularities through combined action of artificial electric and magnetic fields, whereas they cannot be generated by B only.

Pathological mechanisms underlying the onset and progression of PTSD (post-traumatic stress disorder) are not fully understood. Here authors show that stress-induced Sgk1 upregulation in basolateral amygdala neurons projecting to the hippocampus as a key mechanism underlying the delayed PTSD-like avoidance behavior in mice.

Triplet excitons in OPVs can redissociate via the charge-transfer state into free carriers, reducing losses and improving efficiency, enabled by molecular design controlling singlet–triplet energetics through exciton delocalization.

The Zhang-Rice singlet is known for the superconductivity of high-temperature superconductors cuprate but is rarely studied for an electrochemical catalyst. Here, the authors use operando spectroscopic tools and observe Cu active site evolves into high-valent CuO₄ geometry with Cu³⁺ active species, so-called Zhang-Rice singlet state, during oxygen evolution reaction.

Radical C(sp³)–C(sp³) bond formation with stereocontrol is challenging. Now, photoredox catalysis and repurposed thiamine-dependent enzymes are combined to couple cinnamyl aldehydes with benzylic radicals, yielding enantioenriched carboxylic acids bearing one or even two stereocentres.

Coherent ferrons (or polarization waves) driven by an ultrafast laser source in ferroelectric van der Waals materials generate narrow-band terahertz radiation and propagate uniaxially with long coherence times.

This study is a small RNA genomics survey from global Aedes aegypti mosquito samples, and detected replicating viruses. This study then isolated several mosquito viruses into cell cultures to show that viral small RNA are active in gene silencing.

Researchers identified a previously unrecognized progeroid neuropathy caused by mutations in IVNS1ABP. Patient-derived fibroblasts, induced pluripotent stem cells, and neural progenitor cells exhibited disrupted dynamics, resulting in defective cytokinesis, DNA damage, and cellular senescence, which in turn led to premature neurogenesis in cerebral organoids.

Measurement-based quantum computing implements quantum algorithms by performing sequences of measurements on special classes of entangled states, such as cluster states. This approach has now been demonstrated on a superconducting quantum processor.

In this Review, the authors highlight the role of multimodal deep learning in diagnosing depression and anxiety, utilizing diverse data sources. Key methods include convolutional, recurrent and graph neural networks, addressing challenges in data fusion, feature extraction and model interpretability for enhanced clinical relevance.

Cyclic peroxides are highly reactive oxygen-containing species that play important roles in chemical synthesis. Now, the reaction between diazoboranes and triplet oxygen affords a family of cyclic dioxaboriranes, including both neutral and anionic variants. Neutral species behave as electrophilic oxygen-atom donors, whereas anionic analogues are nucleophilic and react with carbon dioxide.

A soft three-dimensional core–shell cable can form reliable free-standing interconnects between soft, rigid and hybrid electronic components, and can be stretched by up to around 800%.

Here the authors identify a tumor immunoevasion mechanism in which tumor cells release branched-chain amino acid metabolites that can bind and activate Notch on tumor-associated macrophages, reprogramming these cells to be immunosuppressive.

Self-assembled hole-selective molecules can enable high performance in perovskite solar cells, but controlling the hole extraction efficiency is challenging. Tianyu Li et al. address this by designing molecules that adopt a quasi-random orientation on the substrate.

It is unclear whether the superconducting pairing in moiré graphene is driven primarily by electronic interactions. Now, by tuning the electrostatic environment, the authors show that these interactions may play a crucial role in both mediating the pairing and screening it.

Prime editing using non-canonical prime editing guide RNAs, where the reverse transcription template and primer binding site is integrated within the single guide RNA loops rather than attached to the 3′ ends of CRISPR–Cas guide RNAs, increases editing efficiency.

Formate dehydrogenases (FDH) offer a route for carbon fixation but are limited by interfacial-intramolecular electron transfer (IIET) and oxygen sensitivity. Here the authors mine an FDH from S. oneidensis MR-1 featuring oxygen compatibility and direct-electron-transfer electrocatalytic performances.

The authors found esterified pectin localized at the stiff poles of maize stomata, modulating stomatal opening. These results reveal novel targets for stomatal engineering and breeding crops with higher water use efficiency.