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Researchers reveal widespread, newly formed seafloor seeps along Antarctica’s Ross Sea coast. Methane-rich flows alter local ecosystems and may influence warming. The drivers remain unknown, warranting coordinated study.

The authors use a machine learning approach and in situ pigment samples to identify summer shifts (1997–2023) in the abundance and composition of Antarctic phytoplankton. While smaller phytoplankton groups generally increased, diatom chlorophyll a broadly decreased, with putative impacts on food webs and the carbon sink.

The authors report on acoustic loudness factor (ALF), which can be used to benchmark small-molecule photoacoustic probes, analogous to fluorescence brightness. The ALF enables the direct comparison of probes used for photoacoustic imaging.

The use of colloidal quantum dots in optical applications is hampered by difficulties in optimizing their physical properties. The synthesis of high-quality quantum dots that simultaneously exhibit narrow emission linewidths and minimal blinking potentially overcomes this problem.

Bosonic qubits can be engineered to feature intrinsic protection against certain kinds of errors, which makes quantum error correction across many bosonic qubits possible with less overhead.

The existence and properties of tetraquark states with two heavy quarks and two light antiquarks have been widely debated. Here, the authors use a unitarized model to study the properties of an exotic narrow state compatible with a doubly charmed tetraquark.

Characterization of the distance over which TF binding influences gene expression is important for inferring target genes. Here the authors study this relationship using thousands of genomic data sets, finding two classes of TFs with distinct ranges of regulatory influence modulated by chromatin states of topologically associated domains.

The blooming alga Emiliania huxleyi and its viruses are a model for density-dependent virulent dynamics. However, Knowles et al. show that this host–virus system exhibits temperate dynamics at natural host densities, in a manner dependent on host physiology.

It is unclear how incoming influenza viruses counteract the cells’ first line of defence, the interferon (IFN) response. Here Liedmann et al.show that a distinct amino-acid motif in polymerases PB1 and PA, which are packaged in the viral particles, inhibit early IFN induction.

Whether exploration causes earthquakes has been a matter of recent contention particularly regarding shale gas exploration. Here, the authors use hydraulic modelling and earthquake locations to show that brine production and wastewater injection in the Azle area are likely causing earthquakes.

This work unifies an interdisciplinary literature of over 230 computational methods for measuring interactions from complex systems, revealing previously unreported theoretical connections and demonstrating practical benefits of broad methodological comparison.

Here, the authors structurally characterize two sequential complexes leading to prespliceosome assembly, providing insights into the mechanism of branch site proofreading in the human spliceosome.

Chi and colleagues identify brain-resident CXCR6⁺PD-1⁺CD8⁺ T cells that interact with resident microglia to limit immune-mediated pathology in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease.

Chronic antigen exposure promotes terminal exhaustion of T cells. Here the authors show a role for TCR stimulation in preserving progenitor exhausted T cells and highlight their TCR-dependent self-renewal during antitumor responses.

Salt particles in the Amazon basin are typically attributed to marine aerosols transported from the Atlantic Ocean. Here the authors show the potential importance of fungal spores as a source of sodium-salt particles in the Amazon rainforest.

A multidisciplinary method for managing triggered seismicity is developed using detailed subsurface information to calibrate geomechanical and earthquake source physics models, and is applied to the Val d’Agri oil field in seismically active southern Italy.

The Large Hadron Collider beauty collaboration reports a test of lepton flavour universality in decays of bottom mesons into strange mesons and a charged lepton pair, finding evidence of a violation of this principle postulated in the standard model.

A large, open dataset containing parallel recordings from six visual cortical and two thalamic areas of the mouse brain is presented, from which the relative timing of activity in response to visual stimuli and behaviour is used to construct a hierarchy scheme that corresponds to anatomical connectivity data.

The accurate determination of quark mixing parameters is essential for the understanding of the Standard Model. The LHCb collaboration now reports the coupling strength of the b quark to the u quark through the measurement of a baryonic decay mode.

CP violation has deep implications for particle physics and cosmology. Previously observed only in meson decays, signs of CP violation have now been spotted in baryon decays by analysing the proton–proton collision data from the LHCb detector.

Approaches for the development of future at-scale neuromorphic systems based on principles of biointelligence are described, along with potential applications of scalable neuromorphic architectures and the challenges that need to be overcome.

MIRA facilitates accurate inference of cell state trees and regulatory mechanisms driving cell fate decisions using single-cell multimodal data profiling gene expression and chromatin accessibility.

In a systematic review and meta-analysis of nonrelapse mortality (NRM) following CAR T cell treatment in 7,604 patients with lymphoma and myeloma, almost half of cases were atrributable to infections and NRM estimates varied across both tumor types and CAR T cell products

The Antarctic Polar Front separates distinct phytoplankton communities with haptophytes dominating north of the front and a more homogenous and diatom-dominated community south of the front, according to a classification analysis of 26 years of pigment data from the Southern Ocean.

Early type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk assessment could help slow or prevent disease onset. Here the authors used blood-based DNA methylation data to develop 10-year risk prediction models for incident T2D. The results show an improvement in performance beyond standard risk factors typically used to predict the risk of T2D onset.

The LHCb Collaboration reports the observation of an exotic, narrow, tetraquark state that contains two charm quarks, an up antiquark and a down antiquark.

In 2023, a decade after granting Accelerated Approval to the first-in-class BTK inhibitor ibrutinib for the treatment of mantle cell lymphoma, the FDA requested this indication be withdrawn. Herein, we discuss the seemingly inconsistent results from the SHINE and TRIANGLE trials, which relate to the distinct patient populations of these trials, and posit that regulatory approaches should take these nuances into account.

Median overall survival for patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma may surpass ten years. Nonetheless, many patients face considerable treatment-related morbidity and relapsed disease. Owing to this typically long overall survival, most multiple myeloma trials now use progression-free survival as their primary end point. In this Comment, we highlight circumstances in which this end point does not best answer the questions that various trials seek to investigate.

A group of aromatic hydrocarbons in the remote marine atmosphere, typically classified as anthropogenic pollutants, are attributable to local biogenic sources, according to shipborne observations and mesocosm experiments.

This Review summarizes recent methodological advances in experimental and computational tools developed in studying RNA structures, which provides a bridge for communication between both experimentalists and computational experts.