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Here, the authors report that the coherent interfacial coupling between α-perylene molecular crystals and WS₂ gives rise to a giant second-harmonic generation (SHG) response, resulting in a ~ 650-fold enhancement in monolayers and robust activation of SHG in bilayers.

Metal clusters can make efficient catalysts but often grow unstable at high heat. Here, the authors show how nickel particles can disperse into stable clusters, improving hydrogen production and durability.

Achalasia is a rare condition characterised by inability to swallow. Here, the authors use whole-genome sequencing to identify a FAM129C variant associated with the disease and characterise B cell responses towards the GABA-A receptor in a mouse model expressing that variant.

Regulatory T (Treg) cells influence adipose tissue homeostasis and hence metabolic health but the mechanisms are less well known. Here the authors establish, via gain and loss of function mouse models, that GPSM1expression in Treg cells regulate their expansion in adipose tissue, and upon genomic deletion of GSPM1, a specific subset of Treg cells expand and mitigate adipose tissue inflammation caused by high fat diet.

CRISPR-Cas systems are prokaryotic immune defenses commonly targeted by phage-encoded anti-CRISPR (Acr) proteins. Here, authors report cryo-EM structures of Cas2/3 and its complex with AcrIF19 from Pectobacterium atrosepticum, and uncover its dual inhibitory mechanism against Cas2/3 function.

Here, the authors uncover a mechanism by which drug-target homologs mediate non-antibiotic drug effects on bacterial growth, and suggest a universal homology-based competition strategy to reverse MTX-induced microbiota dysbiosis.

The authors demonstrate an orbital metal/antiferromagnetic insulator bilayer with giant orbital-to-magnon conversion at room temperature, and achieve efficient perpendicular magnetization switching.

This research reveals that platelet infiltration initiated by the platelet HuR-PSPF regulatory process coordinates systemic aging. Targeting platelet HuR may be a promising strategy for anti-aging interventions

The authors report associations of social isolations and loneliness with neurological disorders, psychiatric disorders, brain structures and behavioral phenotypes among UK Biobank participants.

The arrestin-mediated regulation of signaling through the metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGlus) is fundamental for synapse function. Here, authors report multiple subtype-dependent arrestin binding modes of the mGlus that account for their differential signaling profiles.

This study finds that the most dangerous tick-borne viruses infect many tick and animal species, boosting their chances of reaching humans. Bird migration helps spread them worldwide, and genetic adaptation may increase their ability to infect people.

Tsai and colleagues propose that BET inhibitors can blunt T cell exhaustion via a pathway involving ornithine decarboxylase-dependent polyamine biosynthesis.

Enhancer RNAs and other noncoding RNAs are difficult to monitor in living cells. Here, the authors develop REDDIT, a sensitive reporter for tracking transcription of coding and noncoding RNAs, and use it to identify pathways regulating a lncRNA and an enhancer RNA in stem cells.

To ensure high-potential stability, electrolytes for high-voltage lithium batteries often rely on fluorinated solvents that are costly and environmentally harmful. Now it has been shown that blocking the dominant α-oxidation of fluorine-free carboxylate solvents yields high-potential stability, enabling >650 Wh kg⁻¹ batteries with non-fluorinated electrolytes.

Here, the authors show that the PLA2G6 protein is a component of the IP3R1–GRP75–VDAC1 complex at the mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane, maintaining the integrity and function of ER–mitochondria contacts.

Erythrocyte membrane vesicles (EMVs) are promising for drug delivery but their role in immune-mediated regeneration is unclear. Here the authors show that phosphatidylserine-everted EMVs trigger efferocytosis to enhance endothelialization, reduce calcification, and improve vascular graft patency in animal models.

The DAMPE satellite observed a universal charge-dependent spectral softening in primary cosmic rays, and ruled out mass-dependent softening with >99.999% confidence.

Supported by both experimental and human data, this study reveals that poor sleep weakens immune responses to influenza vaccination and increases infection risk, highlighting sleep as a modifiable determinant for vaccination effectiveness.

Rodents are frequently used as models of the human immune system, but not all immune functions are shared between the two evolutionary families. Here the authors provide evidence that the immune system of the tree shrew (Tupaia belangeri) is closer to humans than that of rodents and the single cell immune atlas they assemble support the wider employment of the tree shrew as immunological model.

This study shows that reduced Mll5 impairs microglial phagocytosis via TREM2- SGK3-GSK3β signaling, causing ASD-like behaviors in mice, while lithium chloride was shown to rescue deficits.

The Taiwan Precision Medicine Initiative (TPMI) has built a cohort of more than half a million individuals with Han Chinese ancestry, providing a rich resource of genetic and medical data for this group.

Lymph node metastasis is critical in cancer staging and prognosis. Here, the authors use multimodal omics to explore the tumor microenvironment in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and identify FTH1-relevant cancer stemness, CXCL13+ T cell exhaustion and immune evasion contribute to lymph node metastasis of NSCLC.

Electrochemical direct air capture achieves high energy efficiency only when producing a dilute hydroxide stream that is incompatible with existing air contactors. This study reports a redox-decoupled electrolysis strategy that spatially separates CO₂ liberation and sorbent regeneration, substantially improving current and energy efficiency.

The Taiwan Precision Medicine Initiative recruited and genotyped more than half a million Taiwanese participants, almost all of Han Chinese ancestry, and performed comprehensive genomic analyses and developed polygenic risk score prediction models for numerous health conditions.

Here the authors reveal a study of 486,956 Han Chinese individuals showing that most people with genetic variants affecting drug response do not have the predicted adverse events, highlighting the challenges of implementing pharmacogenetics in clinical practice.

Qian, Guan, Hu, Han, et al. use mendelian randomization to investigate the cardiovascular effects of genetically proxied sclerostin inhibition, based on multi-omics data. They demonstrate that genetically informed inhibition of sclerostin increases bone density, but attention should be paid to the potential risk of atrial fibrillation.

A fully phased genome assembly of the sugarcane foundational cultivar POJ2878 reveals extensive subgenome recombination and non-homologous chromosomal rearrangements.

Selective C–F functionalization of polyfluoroarenes remains a considerable challenge, particularly for controlled and sequential substitution. Now it has been shown that reactivity-tunable pyridine-boryl radicals enable sequential and versatile C–F transformations through a link-and-lose pathway, allowing hydro- and deuterodefluorination, defluorinative arylation and alkylation with spectroscopic observation of key radical intermediates.

Plasmons in carbon nanotubes (CNTs) benefit from high quality factors but the modulation of their dispersion relation remains challenging. Here the authors report the observation of hybrid plasmon-phonon polaritons in CNT arrays coupled with 2D hexagonal boron nitride, showing frequency-dependent topological transitions and whispering-gallery modes.

A hierarchically integrated 1D@3D covalent organic framework heterostructure is constructed via a one-pot synthesis, leading to the formation of an S-scheme heterojunction with a built-in electric field. The heterostructure has a photocatalytic H₂ evolution rate of 45.7 mmol g⁻¹ h⁻¹, outperforming both of the constituent single-component COFs.

In a multicentre trial of AAV1-hOTOF gene therapy involving 42 participants aged 0.8–32.3 years with autosomal recessive deafness 9, treatment demonstrated safety, tolerability, and improved hearing and speech perception, with age and distortion product otoacoustic emissions associated with treatment outcomes.

This study reveals that rice roots secrete heptadecanoic acid to recruit beneficial Bacillus for defence against blast fungus, a process regulated by a MAPK pathway.

Tao, Feng, Yang, Liu et al. identify a lncRNA-dependent mechanism that controls ALKBH5-mediated demethylation and expression of ATF4, which confers an adaptive metabolic response under nutrient stress in cancer cells.

A genome-to-genome association study identifies host and viral risk factors that interact to drive nasopharyngeal carcinoma endemicity in southern China.

After being internalized by cells, nanoparticles can, in rare events, acquire a biomolecular condensate corona. These complexes can reach the extracellular space, where they can deliver their acquired proteins and RNA content to other cells.