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3.4-million-year-old hominin fossils discovered in Ethiopia provide insight into the diet and locomotion of Australopithecus deyiremeda.

Rapid progress has been made in the development of perovskite-based solar cells, but how they work has been unclear. Electron beam-induced current measurements performed in a scanning electron microscope by Edri et al.show they operate as a p–i–n solar cell with a high electronic quality absorber.

The development and deployment of clean technologies requires high-precision sensing, which quantum sensors can provide. This Review explores the development of quantum sensing technologies for emerging energy generation, transmission and storage applications.

Gold nanostructures have shape-dependent properties, making synthetic control over their morphology critical. Here, the authors use dynamic compression to obtain a variety of gold nanoarchitectures, which are formed at very fast timescales by the controlled coalescence of spherical particle arrays.

Nanoscale vacuum channel transistors, which have a vertical surround-gate configuration, can be fabricated on 150 mm silicon carbide wafers using conventional integrated circuit processing technology.

Droplet evaporation control has applications in inkjet printing and surface patterning. Here, the authors show that on slippery curved substrates droplets evaporate by slowly retracting and then suddenly snapping, which can be exploited to design surfaces that control an evaporation sequence.

A connectome of the right optic lobe from a male fruitfly is presented together with an extensive collection of genetic drivers matched to a comprehensive neuron-type catalogue.

Hydrogen isotopes and compositions of melt inclusions in olivine in komatiites indicate a hydrous source produced by recycling of seawater-altered crust into the deep mantle over 3.3 billion years ago.

Covalent reactions on carbon nanotube surfaces typically occur at random positions on the hexagonal lattice. Denget al. show that Billups–Birch reductive alkylation takes place at, and propagates from, sp³defect sites, leading to confinement of the reaction fronts in the tubular direction.

The pilot phase of PigGTEx, re-analyzing 5,457 published RNA-seq samples, presents a pan-tissue catalog of molecular quantitative trait loci. Cross-species comparisons identify traits with shared genetic regulation in humans.

In this study, the authors report the CoVerage tool (www.sarscoverage.org) for viral genomic surveillance and show that it predicted SARS-CoV-2 Variants of Concern, of Interest and under Monitoring together with their antigenic and evolutionary alterations almost three months prior to their WHO designation.

Alzheimer’s disease is heterogeneous in its neuroimaging and clinical phenotypes. Here the authors present a semi-supervised deep learning method, Smile-GAN, to show four neurodegenerative patterns and two progression pathways providing prognostic and clinical information.

Detecting many-body correlations is a long-standing challenge in many-body physics. By studying their effects on the decoherence of the central spin under dynamical decoupling, Ma et al.provide an experimental demonstration of detection of many-body correlations in nanoscale nuclear spin bath.

The archaeological site Shinfa-Metema 1 in the lowlands of northwest Ethiopia provides early evidence of intensive riverine-based foraging aided by the likely adoption of the bow and arrow.

Lim et al. identify CD34 as a surface marker of the heart’s sinoatrial node pacemaker cells, enabling their isolation from stem cell differentiation cultures, advancing future disease modeling, drug discovery, and biological pacemaker applications.

This study presents the results of the second round of the Critical Assessment of Metagenome Interpretation challenges (CAMI II), which is a community-driven effort for comprehensively benchmarking tools for metagenomics data analysis.

Defects in silicon carbide represent a viable candidate for realization of spin qubits. Here, the authors show stable bidirectional charge state conversion for the silicon vacancy and divacancy, improving the photoluminescence intensity by up to three orders of magnitude with no effect on spin coherence.

Systems genetics reveals interactions between host and microbial phenotypes in the murine gut, including a role for Akkermansia muciniphila in the production of immunomodulatory ornithine lipids.

DNA sequences from the insulin-linked polymorphic region can form non-canonical structures. Here, the authors present a structural investigation into the relationship between native sequence variants and the different structures they form.

Genome-wide analyses identify common variants associated with 11 distinct neuropathology endophenotypes, providing insights into the mechanisms underlying the genetic risk of Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias.

The authors use surface acoustic waves, focused in a Gaussian geometry, to manipulate the spin state of divacancy defects in silicon carbide via mechanical driving. They demonstrate that shear strain is important in controlling the spin transitions.

Durable agonism of NPR1 achieved with a novel investigational monoclonal antibody could mirror the positive hemodynamic changes in blood pressure and heart failure identified in humans with lifelong exposure to NPR1 coding variants.

The authors identify an increased hepatic NADH/NAD⁺ ratio as an underlying metabolic parameter that is shaped by human genetic variation and contributes causally to key metabolic traits and diseases.

Reduced fitness of the tumor microenvironment is mediated by a long non-coding RNA expressed in tumors.

The search for biomarkers associated with konzo disease has been a long-standing question within the research community. Here, the authors have uncovered a potential biomarker for konzo that is associated with the ability to manage oxidative damage.

Gerard Schellenberg and colleagues report a genome-wide association study of late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD), as part of the Alzheimer Disease Genetics Consortium. They identify common variants in MS4A4/MS4A6E, CD2AP, CD33 and EPHA1 associated with LOAD.

Current bone fracture repair options include metallic and resorbable systems, both of which suffer from various issues and limitations. Here, the authors demonstrate resorbable and biocompatible silk bone screws, via in vivotesting.

The most up-to-date combination of results on the properties of the Higgs boson is reported, which indicate that its properties are consistent with the standard model predictions, within the precision achieved to date.

Defect-based spin qubits offer a versatile platform for creating solid-state quantum devices. This Review is a guide for understanding the properties and applications of current spin defects, and provides a framework for designing, engineering and discovering new qubit candidates

The CMS Collaboration reports evidence for off-shell Higgs boson contributions in the production of Z boson pairs, and measures the width of the Higgs boson, which is inversely related to its lifetime.