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Estimates from the Global Burden of Disease study reveal declines in chronic respiratory disease mortality between 1990 and 2023—especially during the COVID-19 pandemic—but the burdens on people affected remain substantial.

This study reveals disparities in Superfund site exposure among vulnerable US communities and introduces metrics and an action priority matrix to guide equitable and targeted cleanup efforts.

Controlling supercurrent pathways in a Josephson junction can lead to new functionalities. Here, Lahabi et al. demonstrate the tailoring of two distinct supercurrent channels in a ferromagnetic disk containing a magnetic vortex.

Majlesi et al. show that Asian workers in occupations with a higher likelihood of face-to-face interactions were more likely to become unemployed after the start of the COVID-19 pandemic due to shifts in public opinion. People who voted for Donald Trump in 2016 had more negative shifts in perceived favourability of Asians.

Al-Hilal, Chrysovergi et al. identify a role for durotaxis in lung fibrosis and metastatic pancreatic cancer, mediated by the FAK–paxillin mechanosensor complex, and demonstrate therapeutic targeting of this pathway using the small molecule JP-153.

This Review highlights chip-scale superconducting coherent photon source technologies and their rich potential as an important integrated quantum hardware to advance quantum information processing and communication networks.

Neural wearables can enable life-saving drowsiness monitoring. This work showcases an in-ear, dry-electrode earpiece used to monitor drowsiness for 35 hours across 9 subjects. This data was used to train offline machine learning classifiers and achieve an average accuracy of >90% across all models.

Mining-induced benthic sediment plume forms a gravity current and remains close to the seafloor. Particle flocculation and sediment redeposition occur rapidly, whilst the suspended particle concentration is reduced fast with distance and altitude.

Gravitational interactions after the Moon-forming event suggest that the current lunar inclination is the result of collisionless encounters of planetesimals with the early Moon–Earth system.

Charge density waves in the structure and electron density of layered materials are closely linked to superconductivity. Using scanning tunnelling techniques, Rahnejatet al. demonstrate the occurrence of such waves in the doped graphene sheets of the superconductor CaC₆.

The authors report the unification, in a single instrument, of two microscopy instruments: Atom Probe Tomography and Transmission Electron Microscopy. This instrumental outcome opens original perspectives for 3D atomic scale microscopy.

A Raman-based imaging approach that can distinguish closely related chemical species used to characterize the distribution of lipids throughout the body of intact Caenorhabditis elegans worms shows that the epidermis is an important fat-storage reservoir.

A screen for compounds that alter fat content in C. elegans identifies a novel agonist of an AMP-activated kinase pathway that reduces fat storage as well as implicates the transcription factor K08F8.2 as a regulator of fat metabolism.

The identification of molecular quantum states becomes challenging with increasing complexity of the molecular level structure. Here, the authors non-destructively identified excited molecular states of the \({{\rm{N}}}_{2}^{+}\) by interfering forces applied to both the molecular ion and to a co-trapped atomic ion.

The implementation of technologic solutions to complex problems can have unintended effects. This study questions the water sustainability of using shade balls in the Los Angeles reservoir to reduce evaporation during the recent drought in California, by assessing the shade balls’ water footprint.

The CMS Collaboration reports evidence for off-shell Higgs boson contributions in the production of Z boson pairs, and measures the width of the Higgs boson, which is inversely related to its lifetime.

RodA is a peptidoglycan polymerase found in Bacillus subtilis. A bacterial extract may be able to target the peptidoglycan polymerase pathway and serve as an antibiotic.

Imaging heart development is challenging due to constant tissue movement and changing physical landmarks. Here the authors present an algorithm capable of maintaining phase-locked imaging throughout a 24 hour timespan, enabling long term timelapse imaging studies of zebrafish heart development, repair and regeneration.

The CMS Collaboration reports the study of three simultaneous hard interactions between quarks and gluons in proton–proton collisions. This manifests through the concurrent production of three J/ψ mesons, which consist of a charm-quark–antiquark pair.

Daneshvar et al. show that BRD3 and the lncRNA DIGIT form phase-separated condensates at genomic regions with H3K18ac to co-regulate the transcription of genes that drive endoderm differentiation.

Two new plasmon modes are observed in macroscopic twisted bilayer graphene with a highly ordered moiré superlattice, the first being the signature of chiral plasmons and the second a slow plasmonic mode around 0.4 electronvolts.

In this Perspective, the authors and the members of the Integrated Multidisciplinary Paediatric Autoimmunity and Cell Therapy (IMPACT) working group discuss specific considerations for the use of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapies in paediatric patients with rheumatic diseases.

Age is associated with increasing vulnerability to both acute and chronic lung diseases. Employing genomic analysis and live lung imaging, this study reveals a profile of increased cellular senescence, telomere shortening, and fibrosis-induced impaired alveolar function in the natural history of human lung aging.

The frequency of coherent terahertz waves radiated from a single superconducting emitter can be electronically modulated on a chip with up to 40 GHz bandwidth, paving the way for high-data-rate and ultrafast terahertz wireless communications.

The most up-to-date combination of results on the properties of the Higgs boson is reported, which indicate that its properties are consistent with the standard model predictions, within the precision achieved to date.

A singularity in a material’s density of states at the Fermi energy can drive the formation of unconventional electronic phases. Here the authors show a Van Hove singularity is tunable across the Fermi energy in an oxide heterostructure, leading to enhanced electronic correlations.

Future quantum computers need quantum memories that store arbitrary states for long periods, without incurring significant access latencies. Using high-order dynamical decoupling sequences, this work shows a practical scheme to suppress physical errors and guarantee high-fidelity storage for long times.

Organochlorides are widespread in natural products, therefore the methods for site-selective chlorination at specific C–H bonds are of great interest. Here, the authors report a copper(I)-catalysed synthetic method for the efficient site-selective C(sp³)–H bond chlorination of ketones, (E)-enones and alkylbenzenes by dichloramine-T at room temperature.

Barri and colleagues introduce a tuneable rotational bistable element that can be modularly combined to create multistable mechanisms. Their concept enables more energy-efficient and adaptable designs for aerial drones and other engineering systems.