Search

Mapping global alluvial channel patterns reveals a hidden dominance of anabranching channels, constituting nearly half of the total reach length globally.

Humanity’s Last Exam, a multi-modal benchmark at the frontier of human knowledge, is designed to be an expert-level closed-ended academic benchmark with broad subject coverage.

Whereas the capacity of optical-fibre networks is enhanced by schemes such as mode-division multiplexing, integrated photonics remains based on single-mode operation. Here, Luo et al.demonstrate mode-division multiplexing on a silicon chip by engineering the propagation constants of spatial modes.

Here the authors reveal a study of 486,956 Han Chinese individuals showing that most people with genetic variants affecting drug response do not have the predicted adverse events, highlighting the challenges of implementing pharmacogenetics in clinical practice.

The large uncertainty in land carbon-cycle estimates remains a major challenge. Here, the authors show that vegetation biogeography drives much of this uncertainty, with 75% of the uncertainty reducible using existing biogeography map from remote sensing.

β-thalassemia mutations show striking population differences, but their evolutionary origins are unclear. Here, the authors trace multiple independent origins of common β-thalassemia mutations in southern China, shaped by agricultural expansion, migration, and local selection.

Jie Luo, Xingming Lian and colleagues report results of a large genome-wide association study of metabolic variation in rice. They identify hundreds of common variants influencing metabolite levels and illustrate how this approach can complement classical trait mapping and provide insights into pathways of physiological and nutritional importance.

Climate warming is projected to expand plant phosphorus limitation from 47% to 59% of global silicate rock areas. However, phosphorus release from accelerated chemical weathering of these rocks offsets about 15.5% of this increase.

Isotropic tissue magnification is integrated with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging to enable untargeted spatial proteomics at micrometre resolution and with high protein identification rates in multiple tissue types.

Chen et al. report a lattice-matched molecule, tris(4-methoxyphenyl) phosphine oxide, to anchor multi-site defects and stabilise the lattice of perovskite quantum dots, enabling deep-red LEDs with efficiency up to 26.91% at 693 nm. The air-processed devices can still maintain an efficiency of 26.28%.

This study details a process of duplicated (homoeologous) chromosome ‘scrambling’ in newly formed rice polyploids, indicating the possibility of natural ‘allo-to-autopolyploid’ evolution, with implications for polyploid crop breeding.

In this multicenter phase 1 trial, patients with advanced gastric and gastroesophageal junction cancer were safely treated with the CLDN18.2-targeting antibody–drug conjugate SHR-A1904, leading to encouraging objective response rates.

The intrinsic instability of wide-bandgap perovskite solar cells is predominantly attributed to the vacancy defects caused by multiple ion migration. Here, authors incorporate an ether ring supramolecule into perovskites and achieve an efficiency of over 28% for all-perovskite tandem solar cells.

The Einstein Probe has discovered a fast X-ray transient, EP240414a, associated with a broad-lined type Ic supernova. Its unusually soft spectrum and weak jet add to the diversity of stellar deaths and suggest a previously unknown Wolf–Rayet star explosion mechanism.

Chen et al. report a large-area white LED with sunlight-like emission by regulating the heterophase γ/σ-CsPb(I/Cl)₃ at nanoscale, in which a fraction of carriers recombines in γ-CsPbI₃ for deep-red emission, while other carriers diffuse to the heterophase interface for broadband emission.

The medial entorhinal cortex (MEC) is hypothesized to function as a cognitive map for memory-guided navigation. Here, the authors demonstrate that the establishment of a spatially consistent MEC map across learning correlates with, and is necessary for, successful spatial memory.

In this randomized double-blind controlled trial, the authors examine whether the combination of transcranial direct current stimulation and exposure–response prevention (ERP) is more effective than ERP alone at improving OCD symptoms.

Dong, Wang et al. uncover a circuit linking Glu⁺cingulate inputs→PV⁺ neurons in the limbic thalamic reticular nucleus→intermediodorsal thalamic nucleus, and show that this cortico-intrathalamic circuit is a component of the fear circuitry and controls flight behavior in mice.

Model systems to study SARS-CoV-2 infection are required to better understand the immune response. Here the authors use a lung and macrophage co-culture system by differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells to better understand the phenotype and gene expression changes in host lung cells and macrophages after SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro.

In a large-scale, international, multicenter, phase 1/1b trial, treatment of patients with advanced solid tumors with the B7H3-targeting antibody–drug conjugate YL201 was safe and showed preliminary clinical efficacy.

Controlling the morphology of Pt-based nanostructures can provide a great opportunity to boost their catalytic activity and durability. Here the authors report anisotropic mesoporous Pt@Pt-skin Pt₃Ni core-shell framework nanowires for oxygen reduction reaction with enhanced mass activity and stability.

Genome synthesis is moving into the multicellular era. This study redesigned and replaced a 155 kb chromosomal region with synthetic sequence in the model moss Physcomitrium patens. The simplified sequence obtains the correct epigenetic landscape.

A gap-free telomere-to-telomere genome assembly for a ram of Hu sheep uncovers genes and variants associated with domestication and selection for wool fineness.

Evolution of accretion disk and corona during outbursts in black hole binary systems is still unclear. Here, the authors show spectral analysis of MAXI J1820+070 and propose a scenario of a dynamical corona to explain the evolution of the reflection fraction observed by Insight-HXMT.

Transistor scaling degrades intrinsic gain, challenging analog circuit design. The authors fabricated carbon nanotube thin-film transistors with gate-modulated negative differential resistance, achieving high and variable intrinsic gain, even at deep-submicron scales.

Shamsi et al. identify vascular smooth muscle cells marked by expression of Trpv1 as a part of the cellular lineage of brown and beige fat. Cold stimulates the expansion and differentiation of Trpv1-expressing progenitors to highly thermogenic adipocytes.

The authors of this manuscript identify that Gpr54 activation by its natural ligand Kisspeptin-10 can abrogate bone resorption. Mechanistically, Gpr54 recruits both active Src and the Dusp18 phosphatase, which causes Dusp18 to dephosphorylate Src at Tyr 416.

Pangolins are a potential reservoir for viruses with cross-species infection potential. Here, the authors characterize a HKU4-related coronavirus isolated from pangolin and demonstrate its ability to infect human cell lines as well as its potential to infect transgenic mice expressing the human receptor DPP4.

cGAS is an important mediator of antiviral immune responses, but the regulation of its activity is unknown. Here, the authors identify a zinc finger protein, ZCCHC3, that enhances the binding of cGAS to dsDNA and is important for its activation following viral infection.

The selective CO₂ photoreduction in water mediated by earth-abundant photocatalysts remains highly challenging. Here the authors present the coordinative anchorage of molecular catalysts on a pyridine-armed covalent triazine framework for CO₂ photoreduction to CO in fully aqueous solutions.

Sequencing the genome and microbiome of about 1,500 tick samples from regions across China revealed host–microbe associations in ticks that could have implications for controlling ticks and tick-borne diseases.

The death of massive stars has traditionally been discovered by explosive events in the gamma-ray band. Liu et al. show that the sensitive wide-field monitor on board Einstein Probe can reveal a weak soft-X-ray signal much earlier than gamma rays.

The authors propose a deep learning model that analyzes single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data by explicitly modeling gene regulatory networks (GRNs), outperforming the state-of-art methods on various tasks, including GRN inference, scRNA-seq analysis and simulation.

A study reconstructed angiosperm phylogeny on the basis of plastome data representing 2,351 angiosperm and 187 gymnosperm species, and dated the origin of crown angiosperms to be significantly earlier than the estimates based on fossil data.

Multi-ancestry genome-wide association analyses identify new risk loci for Parkinson’s disease, and fine-mapping and co-localization analyses implicate candidate genes whose expression is associated with disease susceptibility.

Uncoupling protein-1 (UCP1) plays a central role in energy dissipation in brown adipose tissue. Here the authors show that FGF6 and FGF9 induce UCP1 expression in adipocytes and preadipocytes, via modulation of a transcriptional network that is dissociated from brown adipogenesis.

Low-frequency quasiperiodic oscillations in X-ray data are thought to trace the accretion flow in X-ray binaries. Here, the detection of 200 keV oscillations probes the innermost regions of MAXI J1820+070, revealing the precession of a small-scale jet.

The LHCb experiment at CERN has observed significant asymmetries between the decay rates of the beauty baryon and its CP-conjugated antibaryon, thus demonstrating CP violation in baryon decays.

Volumetric additive manufacturing of protein scaffolds has a wide range of possible biomedical applications. Here the authors report on the bioprinting of unmodified silk sericin and silk fibroin inks with shape-memory and tuneable mechanical properties and demonstrate the potential of the inks in different applications.

Nucleotide second messengers are employed by many bacterial species to regulate various cellular processes. Here, the authors demonstrate that 2',3'-cyclic guanosine monophosphate (2',3'-cGMP) controls the important biological functions and virulence in Ralstonia solanacearum by abolishing the interaction between a transcriptional regulator and the promoters of target genes.