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This study reveals stage-dependent cognitive network dedifferentiation in early psychosis, with increasing inter-domain correlations from healthy controls to clinical high risk to first-episode schizophrenia, linked to reduced general intelligence.

The proteasome is essential for protein degradation, but its complexity can be lost in vitro. Here, the authors use in-situ cross-linking mass spectrometry and structural modeling to reveal compartment-specific interactions and previously uncharted structural heterogeneity and dynamics.

It is unclear how early-life urbanicity influences adult neurobehavioral traits. This study reveals that earlier menarche mediates the relationship between early-life urbanicity and adult neurobehavioral traits associated with mental disorders.

A cross-ancestry GWAS meta-analyses of brainstem structures identify 713 associations. It reveals shared/distinct genetic architectures across ancestries/substructures and overlaps with neuropsychiatric disorders and physiological functions.

Polygenic scores for body mass index and obesity constructed using data from 5 million people with different ancestries were associated with distinct weight gain trajectories from early childhood to adulthood.

Coordinating protein translation with energy supply is a significant challenge faced by cells. Here, the authors found that the protein quality control network may provide a link between the two.

A multi-ancestry genome-wide gene–smoking interaction study identifies 13 new loci associated with serum lipids.

In the OptiTROP-Breast01 phase 3 trial, patients with metastatic triple-negative breast cancer who received the TROP2-targeted antibody–drug conjugate sacituzumab tirumotecan experienced longer progression-free survival than patients treated with chemotherapy.

A large genome-wide association study of more than 5 million individuals reveals that 12,111 single-nucleotide polymorphisms account for nearly all the heritability of height attributable to common genetic variants.

Gold nanoclusters show promise as photothermal materials, but are often thermally unstable. Here ligand engineering is used to integrate molecular rotors with gold nanoclusters to dissipate thermal energy and improve photothermal therapy performance.

Primary biliary cholangitis is an autoimmune liver disease. Here, the authors show that variants in interleukin genes which potentially deregulate their expression are associated with this condition, and suggest that the IL21 signalling pathway may have a role in disease aetiology.

Urinary proteomics offers sensitive, non-invasive biomarkers, but cross-platform LC-MS data comparability requires investigation. Here, the authors evaluate 20 LC-MS platforms, developing MSCohort, a QC system with 81 metrics, and a unified SOP, paving the way for precision medicine research.

Worldwide, the number of only-child families is increasing. This research examines how growing up without siblings affects adult brain structure, function and connectivity, cognition, personality and mental health.

Unlocking the complexities of protein structures and interactions within subcellular organelles is challenging. Here, the authors introduce SPACX, a method for spatially resolved protein complex profiling using biocompatible chemical cross-linking, enabling the analysis of protein conformation, interactions, and translocation in living cells.

This study reveals that the genomes of animal-adapted Cryptosporidium hominis subtypes differ from common human subtypes in the copy number of subtelomeric MEDLE genes, contributing to their infectivity in mice and facilitating the development of animal models for this species.

Old trees have many ecological and socio-cultural values that affect their survival. Species with greater potential height, smaller leaf size and diverse human utilization attributes had the highest probability of long-term persistence.

A subcutaneous hydrogel electrostatically entrapping live Zika virus recruited immune cells at the injection site and provided mice with effective protection against a lethal challenge.

To understand the contribution of variants to transcript expression regulation, long-read transcriptome data are generated from the GTEx resource, and a new software package to perform allele-specific analysis is developed.

A large-scale analysis of variation in human protein levels between individuals is performed using mass-spectrometry-based proteomic technology, and a number of protein quantitative trait loci are identified; over 5% of proteins vary by more than 1.5-fold in their expression levels between individuals, and this variation is not always linked to RNA level.

Cell based materials production has potential for generating diverse materials with a range of functions. Here, the authors report development of living fabrication of biohybrid semi interpenetrating polymer networks by encapsulating protein producing bacteria within polymer microcapsules.

Chinese vegetable production accounts for 1.7% of the global harvest area of crops but uses 7.8% of the chemical fertilizer and produces 6.6% of the crop-sourced greenhouse gas emissions of the global agricultural sector. An innovative management programme offers opportunities for producing more vegetables with lower environmental impacts.

Socioeconomic status is multidimensional and can change over time. Xu, Lui, Ji et al. found dimension-specific, late-stage-specific and change-specific socioeconomic effects on brain, cognition, personality and emotion.

PE-tag is a genome-wide approach to map the off-target effects of in vitro and in vivo prime editing.

Despite lung adenocarcinoma having a high global mortality, the genetic mutations present in Asian patients are uncharacterized. Here the authors use genomic and transcriptomic analysis to identify thirteen significantly affected genes, including RHPN2, GLI3, MRC2, TP53 and IQGAP3.

Regorafenib is a multi-kinase inhibitor in use for the treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC). To improve drug pharmacokinetics and bioavailability, here the authors design mannose-modified cyclodextrin-based host-guest complexes loaded with Regorafenib, showing anti-tumor responses in preclinical models of CRC.

Extremely conserved 5′ UTRs act as cis-regulatory elements, playing an unsuspected role in translation regulation. A new in-cell mutational method, icM², shows that these 5′ UTRs adopt alternative structures that depend on RNA helicase activity.

Cross-ancestry genome-wide association studies of 3,414 brain imaging phenotypes in Chinese Han and white British participants identify autosomal and X-chromosomal associations in more diverse populations.

The protective role of MAIT cells in the HFRS disease and the ER stress related mechanisms behind MAIT cell pyroptosis during HTNV infection.

The loss of the TP53 gene is often involved in the development of human cancer; here, the deletion of other genes in the vicinity is shown also to contribute to cancer progression in a mouse model.

We introduce a major scientific endeavour called π-HuB (proteomic navigator of the human body), its aim being to generate and harness multimodality proteomic datasets to enhance our understanding of human biology.

Genome-wide association meta-analyses in populations of East Asian and European ancestries identify variant–trait associations for 44 hippocampal traits and provide insight into the genetic architectures of hippocampal and subfield volumes.

The Cancer Genome Atlas reports on molecular evaluation of 295 primary gastric adenocarcinomas and proposes a new classification of gastric cancers into 4 subtypes, which should help with clinical assessment and trials of targeted therapies.

Samples of different body regions from hundreds of human donors are used to study how genetic variation influences gene expression levels in 44 disease-relevant tissues.