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The extreme hot and dry conditions of 2023 reduced soil respiration and enhanced net forest carbon sequestration in Canada, offsetting wildfire emissions, according to satellite-based and in situ observations of CO₂ fluxes.

The authors found esterified pectin localized at the stiff poles of maize stomata, modulating stomatal opening. These results reveal novel targets for stomatal engineering and breeding crops with higher water use efficiency.

The authors find that O-GalNAc transferase 2 (GALNT2) restricts viral infection, probably through the regulation of the proteolytic processing of viral glycoproteins via its O-linked glycosylation activity, impairing virus–cell fusion.

Various policy instruments are proposed to meet mitigation targets, yet the synergistic and trade-off effects of interactions are less understood. With rich scenarios of policy mixes, the authors demonstrate that in most cases these interactions will delay the achievement of carbon targets in China.

Xu et al. reveal that a bottom-up neural circuit from the medial septum to the subfornical organ prevents overhydration in mice by integrating oral and gastrointestinal signals before osmolality changes, demonstrating precise drinking control mechanisms.

The interactions between mitigation policies could hinder China’s progress toward carbon neutrality by limiting the space for effective policy implementation. Policymakers should emphasize optimizing the combination of these policies to ensure efficient decarbonization.

The study develops a rattle drum-inspired triboelectric nanogenerator with a charge dispatch strategy and structural design to enhance output. It achieves a triboelectric surface density of 2.76 cm^-1. Field tests show effective wave energy harvesting using a magnetic repulsion pendulum.

Here they identify a selective PRC1.1 inhibitor, iBP, that treats bone loss by improving osteoblast function. iBP releases repression of Wnt/β-catenin signaling, enhancing bone formation and repair in aging, trauma, and disease models.

It is challenging to maintain the CO selectivity under high current densities in CO₂ electro-reduction process. Here the authors report the synergistic interface between redox active CO₂ organic sorbents and defective Ag catalysts that can enable an ampere level CO₂-to-CO conversion.

A key advancement in emerging sodium-ion batteries is the integration of gel polymer electrolytes, which offer improved performance, scalability, and safety. Here, the authors synthesize sodium-ion–conducting gel polymer electrolytes with phosphate linkers, achieving high electrochemical stability and cycle retention, as well as improved safety by significantly reducing flammability and preventing thermal runaway.

Exploring alternative nitrogen (N) fertilizer production routes is crucial to improve the sustainability of the N fertilizer supply. Here the authors develop an absorption‒electroreduction relay strategy capable of the distributed production of liquid N fertilizer from NO_x or even air.

A microbially derived bile acid, taurolithocholic acid, limits viral replication, host inflammation and ferroptosis during infection with severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus, an emerging tick-borne haemorrhagic fever virus.

MicroRNAs regulate a wide range of biological processes and being able to inhibit their function could allow the development of therapeutic options. Here the authors describe a ‘small RNA zipper’ that sequesters miRNAs by forming a chain of DNA:RNA duplexes.

Cepharanthine is a secondary metabolite isolated from Stephania with a variety of medicinal properties. Here, the authors assembled three Stephania genomes, propose cepharanthine biosynthetic pathway, and assess the antiviral potential of cepharanthine-related metabolites.

This study identifies ovarian vascular decline as a key physiological driver of fertility loss in middle-aged female mice and demonstrates that restoring vascular function with Salidroside might be a promising approach to improve fertility in aged females.

Electrochemically-mediated carbon capture has good energy efficiency and potential in carbon dioxide separation, but optimisation of these systems is challenging. Here, the authors report the use of isoindigo derivatives to give fine-tuned interactions with CO₂ for carbon capture methods.

Corneal epithelium shares similar molecular signatures to other stratified epithelia. Here, the authors map super-enhancers and accessible chromatin in corneal epithelium, identifying a transcription regulatory circuit, including RUNX1, PAX6, and SMAD3, required for corneal epithelial identity and homeostasis.

A HfNbTiVAl₁₀ alloy shows tensile ductility and ultrahigh yield strength from the addition of aluminium to a HfNbTiV alloy, resulting in a negative mixing enthalpy solid solution, which promotes strength and favours formation of hierarchical chemical fluctuations.

Here, the authors show that PDHE1α accumulates at DNA double-strand breaks, in a PARylation-dependent manner, where it locally supplies acetyl-CoA for histone acetylation. These events facilitate remodeling of the chromatin landscape and efficient repair.

Gibberellins are a major class of phytohormones that regulate plant growth and development. Here the authors show that the Arabidopsis GAS2 protein catalyses production of DHGA₁₂, an atypical bioactive GA, and show that GAS2 regulates ABA sensitivity during seed germination and early development.

CAR-T cell therapies targeting BCMA have shown promising responses in patients with multiple myeloma (MM), however primary resistance and relapse are frequently observed. Here the authors report the results of a phase I//II study of bispecific CAR T-cells targeting BCMA and CD19 in relapsed/refractory MM.

The partial replacement of the A-site by divalent methylenediammonium cations inhibits ion migration and photoinduced halide segregation in wide-bandgap perovskites. Single-junction devices achieve a certified power conversion efficiency of 22.71%, whereas perovskite/Cu(In,Ga)Se₂ tandem devices exhibit an efficiency of 30.13% in a four-terminal architecture.

The energy disorders in the lateral direction of the junction in large-area photovoltaic modules are largely overlooked. Here, authors employ organic amidinium passivators to suppress the micro-inhomogeneity in the lateral energy landscapes and achieve high performance stable perovskite solar cells.

Zheng et al. generate and utilize a biobank of colorectal cancer PDOs to find that high LGR4 is linked to chemoresistance. They develop a monoclonal antibody against LGR4 that activates ferroptosis and is therapeutically beneficial.

Piezocapacitive pressure sensors are typically limited by the slow response-relaxation speed for detecting dynamic stimuli. Here, Zhang et al. utilize the electrode-dielectric interface and bonded micro-structured interface for energy dissipation and reduce the response and relaxation time to 0.04 ms.

The basic mechanisms behind the East Asian Summer Monsoon remain poorly understood. Using proxy-based reconstructions and simulations, here the authors show that changes in the orientation and position of the westerly jet stream resulted in regionally asynchronous Holocene precipitation maxima.

A combination of multiview imaging, structured illumination, reconstruction algorithms and deep-learning predictions realizes spatial- and temporal-resolution improvements in fluorescence microscopy to produce super-resolution images from diffraction-limited input images.

Mediator is a multiprotein complex required to activate gene transcription by RNAPII. Here, the authors report that MED12 and MED13 are conditional positive regulators that facilitate the expression of genes depleted in active chromatin marks and the induction of gene expression in response to environmental stimuli in Arabidopsis.

How structural features on oocytes regulate mammalian female reproduction is unclear. Here, the authors provide imaging and physiological evidence (for example on Radixin knockout) to identify oocyte-derived mushroom-like microvilli that control the female reproductive lifespan by governing the fate of follicles.

Parrots have undergone substantial karyotype evolution compared to most other birds. Here, Huang et al. analyze chromosome-level genome assemblies for four parrot species and elucidate the complex evolutionary history of parrot chromosomes.

E-skins often have poor interfaces that lead to unstable performances. Here, authors report e-skins with a quasi-homogeneous composition and bonded micro-structured interfaces, through which both the sensitivity and stability of the devices are improved.

Heavy rare earth elements are critical for modern technological applications, including renewable energy technologies, but their extraction can have disastrous environmental impacts. Employing electrokinetic mining techniques can increase recovery efficiency while reducing harmful environmental consequences.

While single-atom catalysts offer high atomic utilization and tunable reaction pathways, there are still challenges in controlling reactivity. Here, authors use oriented external electric fields to induce electrostatic polarization in metal single-atoms and to boost water-splitting performances.

Long term haematopoitic stem cells (LT-HSCs) are in a quiescent state during homeostasis, which is critical for their maintenance. Here, the authors show that Gal-3 expression in LT-HSCs is induced in response to Tie2 and Mpl and is both necessary and sufficient for LT-HSC quiescence through regulation of p21.