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Yu, Yin, Zhu, Lu and colleagues show that Acr inhibits Cas activity through a scaffold RNA interaction and further develop an RNA truncation optimization strategy to enhance editing performance.

A short peptide derived from a commensal-fungal-secreted protein promotes repair in models of colon epithelial damage when delivered directly or via probiotic microbes.

The fast skin-permeable polyzwitterion poly[2-(N-oxide-N,N-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate] may enable non-invasive transdermal delivery of insulin, and potentially facilitate the use of other protein- and peptide-based therapeutics through transdermal delivery.

Atomically dispersed catalysts show promising activity for electrochemical reactions but often suffer from limited stability. Here, the authors report an atom-ordering strategy that forms triangular Co sites to activate the substrate for durable alkaline hydrogen production.

A mechano-intelligent transmission mechanism based on the slipknot delivers precise force signals for clinical practice and robotic operations such as minimally invasive surgery and tendon-driven robotics.

Disorder in quantum magnetic materials can mimic the behaviour of quantum spin liquids, however, quantifying disorder is challenging, often requiring magnetic fields large enough to fully polarize the system. Here, Kim, Rathi and coauthors show how the fine spectroscopic structure of magnetization plateaus can be used to quantify disorder in magnetic insulators.

A deep generative model is developed for de novo molecular design and optimization by leveraging electron density. Wet-laboratory assays validated its reliability to generate diverse bioactive molecules—orthosteric and allosteric, inhibitors and activators.

A mitochondrion-localised BAHD acyltransferase (3β-tigloyloxytropane synthase, TS) from Atropa belladonna is responsible for the formation of 3β-tigloyloxytropane, the key intermediate in calystegine biosynthesis.

Liu et al., report extensive maps of chromatin interactions, single-cell expression, and other molecular features in human arterioles and uncover mechanisms linking noncoding genetic variants to gene expression and the development of hypertension.

Yu et al. developed AIPatient, a virtual patient that uses a large language model-based AI in curating a medical knowledge base that holds realistic and personality-aware clinical conversations. The system shows high accuracy in answering questions and medical-term recognition, with readable, reliable, and consistent outputs for medical training.

Wearable sensors typically require innovative methods of energy harvesting for low-power electronics. Here, the authors present an adaptive power management system with a trimodal energy harvesting approach.

West Pacific ferromanganese crust provides new insights to Late Miocene Cooling associated with the increased continental phosphorus weathering.

The primary risk factor for glaucoma is elevated intraocular pressure. Here, the authors show that AAV-delivered CasRx to reduce the expression of Rock1 and Rock2 as well as Aqp1 and Adrb2 can significantly reduce intraocular pressure, ultimately delaying glaucoma progression in mice.

Xiao et al. characterize 19 previously unidentified IscB proteins, 10 of which show activity in mammalian cells. They engineer one of the proteins into a robust in vivo genome-editing tool with a broad target-adjacent motif scope and further develop it into a base editor.

A study introduces AI²BMD, an artificial intelligence-based dynamics simulation program that uses protein fragmentation with a machine learning force field to accurately and efficiently model the folding and unfolding of large proteins.

Current research focus on the perovskites solar cells (PSCs) is mainly limited to the lead-based ones with bandgaps above 1.5 eV. Here Hu et al. report efficient and stable inorganic tin-containing PSCs, opening doors to exploring abundant perovskite materials with bandgaps lower than 1.4 eV.

Elevated type 2 functionality in CAR T cell infusion products is significantly associated with maintenance of a median B cell aplasia duration of 8.4 years in paediatric patients with acute lymphocytic leukaemia.

By engineering the crystallization process of Sn–Pb mixed perovskite films, all-perovskite tandem solar cells fabricated using an antisolvent-free method deliver a certified power conversion efficiency of 28.87% and retain 87% of this efficiency after 450 h of operation.

Tree peony (Paeonia ostii) has the largest chromosome of any sequenced plants to date. Here, the authors assemble its genome and reveal the association of a list of candidate genes with fatty acid biosynthesis and the possible contribution of transposon and histone expansion to maintain the giga-chromosomes.

Tin oxidation limits the efficiency of low bandgap perovskite solar cells. Yu et al. synthesize electron-withdrawing chloromethyl phosphonic acid ligand that suppresses tin oxidation, enabling 27%-efficiency perovskite tandem solar cells.

Evolution of accretion disk and corona during outbursts in black hole binary systems is still unclear. Here, the authors show spectral analysis of MAXI J1820+070 and propose a scenario of a dynamical corona to explain the evolution of the reflection fraction observed by Insight-HXMT.

Na et al. identify KMT2C deficiency as a driver of small cell lung cancer metastasis and demonstrate that it leads to epigenetic reprogramming through histone and DNA hypomethylation by upregulating DNMT3A.

‘Circulating cell-free DNA can be used to predict cancer, but it is more challenging to assess in early stage cancer. Here, the authors created a diagnostic model using tumor fractions deciphered from circulating cfDNA methylation signatures, which exhibited an 86% sensitivity in detecting early-stage cancer.

Operational stability and mechanical robustness remain as engineering bottlenecks in perovskite solar cells technology. Here, Dong et al. introduce an interpenetrating perovskite at the electron-transporting-layer interface that enables a 1000-hour stable operation and high endurance against bending fatigue over 2500 cycles.

Grain boundary can change its structure upon deformation. Here, the authors show that during this process, grain boundary mobility can be tuned dynamically via a self-stimulated twinning process.

Population analysis of 516 wild and domesticated broomcorn millet genomes and a graph-based pangenome based on de novo assemblies of 32 representative accessions identify genomic variations associated with domestication traits.

Analysis of 4,578 Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates reveals the evolutionary history of the four tuberculosis genotypes in China, from emergence 1,000 years ago to expansion, population peaks and, more recently, dominance of the indigenous sublineage L2.3.

Transition-metal catalyzed alkylative cross-couplings are established, powerful tools for the installation of alkyl groups. Here, the authors unlock a C(sp3)–C(sp2) cross-coupling via the asymmetric activation of the aromatic C–O bond by bis-ligated nickel complexes for the synthesis of alkylated, axially chiral biaryl compounds.

Using a combination of biochemical and structural approaches, the authors demonstrate that derivatization of kinase inhibitors can yield new repurposed anti-malarial drugs that specifically target Plasmodium falciparum Lysine-tRNA synthetase.

LSD1 promotes FOXA1 chromatin binding by demethylating lysine 270 of FOXA1 in prostate cancer cells. LSD1 inhibition decreases growth of prostate cancer cells.