mRNA vaccines combine rapid design, scalable manufacturing and strong safety profiles with applications across infectious diseases, cancer and autoimmune disorders. However, global access to mRNA vaccines remains limited. This Review explores how achieving equitable access depends on overcoming technical, logistical, economic and regulatory barriers through innovations in thermostability, delivery systems, alternative RNA platforms, artificial intelligence-driven design and optimization, and coordinated policy strategies.
- Behnaz Eshaghi
- Robert Langer
- Ana Jaklenec