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Han et al. present a very-large-scale 3D computing reservoir self-assembled from 1D WS₂ nanotubes, with dense mimetic optogenetic synapses matching a fruit fly’s brain. It efficiently handles monomodal and multimodal tasks, featuring optogenetics-inspired, light-tunable computing dynamics.

Areas with increasing ecosystem service supply from 2000 to 2020 spatially overlap with declining resilience in the Loess Plateau, revealing mismatches between service gains and resilience losses, based on a multi-scenario spatial prioritization framework.

Here, the authors present Ediacaran fossils from the Tongshan Lagerstätte (South China), including Burgess Shale-type rangeomorphs preserved both with fronds and holdfasts. They use sedimentary and chemical evidence to suggest that fast burial and early diagenetic mineralization produced excellent preservation.

Achieving selective and precise modification of macromolecules under biocompatible conditions (such as aqueous solutions, mild temperatures, and neutral pH) remains a significant technical challenge. Here, the authors develop a photoinduced coupling reaction based on N-hydroxy naphthalimide esters, which is effective in biologically relevant conditions.

Authors present a bispecific antiviral design targeting the virus and the host that simultaneously offers broad-spectrum protection against multiple existing transmissible human-pathogenic coronaviruses, including the Paxlovid-resistant SARS-CoV-2 mutants.

Dissipative self-assembly, which requires a continuous supply of fuel to maintain the assembled states far from equilibrium, is the foundation of biological systems but it remains a challenge to introduce light as fuel into artificial dissipative self-assemblies. Here, the authors report an artificial dissipative self-assembly system that is constructed from light-induced amphiphiles.

Analysis of cancer genome sequencing data has enabled the discovery of driver mutations. Here, as part of the ICGC/TCGA Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes (PCAWG) Consortium the authors present DriverPower, a software package that identifies coding and non-coding driver mutations within cancer whole genomes via consideration of mutational burden and functional impact evidence.

Installation of difluoroalkyl groups while also imparting stereochemical information is mostly only possible with organocatalytic methods that activate carbonyls. Here the authors show a method to perform an difluoroallylation of hydrazones, forming a masked amine stereocenter, via palladium- and N-heterocyclic-carbene catalysis.

Integrative analyses of transcriptome and whole-genome sequencing data for 1,188 tumours across 27 types of cancer are used to provide a comprehensive catalogue of RNA-level alterations in cancer.

Analyses of 2,658 whole genomes across 38 types of cancer identify the contribution of non-coding point mutations and structural variants to driving cancer.

Prussian blue analogues are promising for aqueous batteries but interstitial water effects remain underexplored. Here, authors develop a cation-self-shielding strategy with dihydroxyacetone to stabilize water-rich Prussian blue analogues for application in K-ion batteries.

Wang et al. report that the nucleocapsid protein of SARS-CoV-2 forms phase-separated condensates to repress K63-linked ubiquitination and aggregation of mitochondrial antiviral-signalling protein, thus suppressing antiviral immunity.

Understanding deregulation of biological pathways in cancer can provide insight into disease etiology and potential therapies. Here, as part of the PanCancer Analysis of Whole Genomes (PCAWG) consortium, the authors present pathway and network analysis of 2583 whole cancer genomes from 27 tumour types.

Multi-omics datasets pose major challenges to data interpretation and hypothesis generation owing to their high-dimensional molecular profiles. Here, the authors develop ActivePathways method, which uses data fusion techniques for integrative pathway analysis of multi-omics data and candidate gene discovery.

The room-temperature self-healing behaviour of a nanotwinned diamond composite is quantitatively evaluated and found to stem from both the formation of nanoscale diamond osteoblasts and the atomic interaction transition from repulsion to attraction.

The flagship paper of the ICGC/TCGA Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes Consortium describes the generation of the integrative analyses of 2,658 cancer whole genomes and their matching normal tissues across 38 tumour types, the structures for international data sharing and standardized analyses, and the main scientific findings from across the consortium studies.

In this study the authors consider the structural variants (SVs) present within cancer cases of the ICGC/TCGA Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes (PCAWG) Consortium. They report hundreds of genes, including known cancer-associated genes for which the nearby presence of a SV breakpoint is associated with altered expression.

Resistance to pod shattering in crops is typically modulated by major loci each underpinned by a single gene. Here, the authors show that the transition from shattering in wild soybean to shattering resistance in cultivated soybean is underlain by selection of mutations within two neighboring genes.

An inhibitor of the SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro), Y180, showed therapeutic efficacy against wild-type SARS-CoV-2 and its variants including Omicron after oral administration and improved survival in a humanized mouse model.

This work introduces a framework that enhances deep learning for anomalous diffusion, enabling reliable detection of out-of-distribution dynamics and characterization of complex behaviors across diverse systems.

Local shear stress from an atomic force microscope tip can control the crystal directions in thin oxide films. This approach enables the manipulation of local magnetic anisotropy in ferromagnetic metals.

Hepatitis B infection is a risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma. Here, the authors characterise viral infection in a cohort of hepatocellular carcinoma patients and find viral integration is more frequent in males than females.

Generative models face challenges with low synthesizability of generated molecules. Here, authors develop ClickGen, a deep learning model using modular reactions and reinforcement learning to generate highly diverse, novel, and synthesizable molecules

The authors achieve a high electrocaloric temperature change (ΔT = 3.9 K) in c-textured BaTiO₃-KNbO₃ ceramics via compositional tuning and grain orientation engineering. The ΔT variation remain within ±10% across 30–80 °C, demonstrating exceptional stability.

Long-term treatment of myocardial infarction remains challenging despite advances in medical technology. Here, the authors show that P-MSN/miR199a-5p nanoparticles can effectively repair myocardial infarction by enhancing contractility and limiting apoptosis, highlighting the therapeutic potential of miR199a-5p for long-term management of myocardial infarction.

In this Perspective, members of the Aging Biomarker Consortium outline the X-Age Project, an Aging Biomarker Consortium plan for building standardized aging clocks in China. The authors discuss the project roadmap and its aims of decoding aging heterogeneity, detecting accelerated aging early and evaluating geroprotective interventions.

There’s an emerging body of evidence to show how biological sex impacts cancer incidence, treatment and underlying biology. Here, using a large pan-cancer dataset, the authors further highlight how sex differences shape the cancer genome.

In somatic cells the mechanisms maintaining the chromosome ends are normally inactivated; however, cancer cells can re-activate these pathways to support continuous growth. Here, the authors characterize the telomeric landscapes across tumour types and identify genomic alterations associated with different telomere maintenance mechanisms.

With the generation of large pan-cancer whole-exome and whole-genome sequencing projects, a question remains about how comparable these datasets are. Here, using The Cancer Genome Atlas samples analysed as part of the Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes project, the authors explore the concordance of mutations called by whole exome sequencing and whole genome sequencing techniques.

Whole-genome sequencing data from more than 2,500 cancers of 38 tumour types reveal 16 signatures that can be used to classify somatic structural variants, highlighting the diversity of genomic rearrangements in cancer.

Viral pathogen load in cancer genomes is estimated through analysis of sequencing data from 2,656 tumors across 35 cancer types using multiple pathogen-detection pipelines, identifying viruses in 382 genomic and 68 transcriptome datasets.

A pan-cancer genomic analysis reports the effects of structural variations on chromatin domains (TADs). Most TAD disruptions do not result in appreciable changes in expression of nearby genes.

An analysis of 2,954 genomes from 38 cancer subtypes identified 19,166 retrotransposition events in 35% of samples. Aberrant LINE-1 retrotranspositions can lead to the deletion of tumor-suppressor genes as well as the amplification of oncogenes.

Whole-genome sequencing data for 2,778 cancer samples from 2,658 unique donors across 38 cancer types is used to reconstruct the evolutionary history of cancer, revealing that driver mutations can precede diagnosis by several years to decades.

Some cancer patients first present with metastases where the location of the primary is unidentified; these are difficult to treat. In this study, using machine learning, the authors develop a method to determine the tissue of origin of a cancer based on whole sequencing data.

The authors present SVclone, a computational method for inferring the cancer cell fraction of structural variants from whole-genome sequencing data.

Many tumours exhibit hypoxia (low oxygen) and hypoxic tumours often respond poorly to therapy. Here, the authors quantify hypoxia in 1188 tumours from 27 cancer types, showing elevated hypoxia links to increased mutational load, directing evolutionary trajectories.

The characterization of 4,645 whole-genome and 19,184 exome sequences, covering most types of cancer, identifies 81 single-base substitution, doublet-base substitution and small-insertion-and-deletion mutational signatures, providing a systematic overview of the mutational processes that contribute to cancer development.

Cancers evolve as they progress under differing selective pressures. Here, as part of the ICGC/TCGA Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes (PCAWG) Consortium, the authors present the method TrackSig the estimates evolutionary trajectories of somatic mutational processes from single bulk tumour data.

Developing brain-protective hypothermia is a medical challenge. Here, the authors show that deep brain stimulation of a particular brain area is a new way to trigger the body into a hibernation-like state with reduced body temperature and brain protection in a mouse model of stroke.

Nanoimprinting faces challenges with imprinting hard materials at low or room temperature, and with fabricating complex nanostructures rapidly. Here, the authors overcome these challenges by a room-temperature ultrasonic nanoimprinting technique that capitalizes on the concentration of ultrasonic energy flow at nanoscale.

Here, the authors investigate the long-range interaction and coalescence mechanism of water and ethanol nanopockets encapsulated in twisted bilayer graphene, showing the complete recovery of moiré patterns after the motion of the contaminants.