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Primary cutaneous B-cell lymphoma encompass clinically heterogeneous entities, including indolent and aggressive subtypes. Here, the authors show that the two indolent subtypes exhibit a persistent germinal centre reaction and thus may be driven by (a yet unknown) antigen.

Oat consumption, particularly a short-term, high-dose oat diet, improves metabolic health in individuals with metabolic syndrome by increasing microbially produced phenolic metabolites, leading to lower blood cholesterol levels.

Although noise is typically detrimental to quantum devices, it can serve as a resource for quantum thermal machines. Here, the authors demonstrate a device based on a superconducting quantum circuit that leverages noise to function as either a quantum heat engine or a refrigerator.

Here the authors show that PARP inhibition activates SIRT-1–FOXO1 signaling to drive transcriptional and metabolic reprogramming of CD8⁺ T cells into central memory T cells with superior recall capacity and efficacy in adoptive therapy.

Cancer immunotherapy benefits from antibody-lectin chimeras that block glyco-immune checkpoints.

Glacier surges are rapid ice flow acceleration and mass transport events, which can threaten nearby communities, infrastructure and habitats. This Review discusses the global distribution, behaviour and associated hazards of glaciers that are prone to surging and how these are being affected by climate change.

Data from the Illuminating Hidden Harvests initiative challenge the small- versus large-scale fisheries dichotomy, identifying five global archetypes to guide targeted policy and food systems transformation.

Early- and late-onset preeclampsia pose serious maternal-fetal risks, yet non-invasive early prediction remains challenging. Here, the authors show that cfRNA signatures reveal distinct decidual and multiorgan signals, enabling accurate, externally validated prediction of both subtypes.

This study shows a viable pathway to the efficient deployment of state-of-the-art large language models using mixture of experts on 3D analog in-memory computing hardware.

Tumour-reactive CD8⁺ T cells are enriched in functional clusters with tumour cells and/or antigen-presenting cells and can be isolated and expanded from clinical samples.

Why do people follow rules, even when breaking them has no consequences? Experiments with 14,034 participants reveal that rule-following is not just about rewards or punishments—it is driven by intrinsic respect for rules and social expectations, regulating everyday social interactions.

Many pelagic fishes and squids live at ocean depths below the euphotic zone but whether surface predators dive to these depths to feed on them is unclear. Here, the authors tag Chilean devil rays and demonstrate that they regularly make dives to at least 1,500 m, suggesting that the rays forage for food at these depths.

Africa will drive much future urbanization. Using data from 1950–2020 and techniques from urban science, this study finds increasing economies of scale in land use and increasing concentrations of people in larger cities, contributing to broader patterns of urban evolution.

Different types of SETBP1 variants cause variable developmental syndromes with only partial clinical and functional overlaps. Here, the authors report that SETBP1 variants outside the degron region impair DNA-binding, transcription, and neuronal differentiation capacity and morphologies.

Broken and tailored symmetries have a fundamental role in wave phenomena and their applications. This Review surveys the recent progress in the domain of artificial phononic media with an emphasis on the role of symmetry breaking, in both space and time, for advanced wave phenomena.

Quantum mechanics predicts that objects can simultaneously exist in a superposition of two states. Kneeet al.propose and demonstrate experimentally a protocol which fully confirms this prediction, by testing the so-called Leggett–Garg inequality in a non-invasive manner.

Relaxor ferroelectrics possess potential microwave frequency applications due to characteristic dielectric relaxation properties however the underlying mechanism is debated. Here, the authors use first-principles-based molecular dynamic simulations to understand such behaviour in Ba(Zr_0.5Ti_0.5)O₃.

A doped quantum antiferromagnet is obtained by using a Rydberg tweezer array comprising three levels encoding spins and holes to implement a tunable model that allows the study of previously inaccessible parameter regimes.

Deep learning methods in natural language processing generally become more effective with larger datasets and bigger networks. But it is not evident whether the same is true for more specialized domains such as cheminformatics. Frey and colleagues provide empirical explorations of chemistry models and find that neural-scaling laws hold true even for the largest tested models and datasets.

Traumatic brain injury is associated with changes to the metabolome. Here the authors show that acute traumatic brain injury has distinctive serum metabolic patterns which may suggest protective changes of systemic lipid metabolism aiming to maintain lipid homeostasis in the brain.

Current national pledges to reduce greenhouse gas emissions track to a temperature rise of about 3 °C. Here the authors use future projections to show that 3 °C warming under a business as usual scenario would result in large increases in ozone concentrations, off-setting any benefits from mitigation policies.

Bhattacharjee and Schaeffer et al. map exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) in 94 low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), finding increased EBF practice and reduced subnational variation across the majority of LMICs from 2000 to 2018. However, only six LMICs will meet WHO’s target of ≥70% EBF by 2030 nationally, and only three will achieve this in all districts.

Many methanogenic archaea use H₂ and CO₂ to produce methane. Here, Taubner et al. show that Methanothermococcus okinawensis produces methane under conditions extrapolated for Saturn’s icy moon, Enceladus, and estimate that serpentinization may produce sufficient H₂ for biological methane production.

Clock precision is thought to be fundamentally limited by entropy production in out-of-equilibrium systems. A theoretical work now introduces a quantum clock design where precision grows exponentially with dissipation.

The ATR inhibitor ceralasertib has shown clinical activity in combination with immune-checkpoint inhibitors in several cancer types. Here the authors report the anti-tumor activity and the immunomodulatory changes, dependent on up-regulation of type I interferon pathway, following intermittent ATR inhibition in preclinical cancer models.

Charged impurities are a major source of charge noise in semiconductors. Here, using pump-probe time-resolved relative transmission measurements on cuprous oxide, the authors demonstrate a strategy for mitigating charged impurities by injection and subsequent breakdown of Rydberg excitons.

Dynamic nanodomains in lead halide perovskites, dictated by A-site cations, crucially affect the optoelectronic properties by modulating electronic disorder and consequently enabling better solar cells and optoelectronic devices.

Rider, Grantham, Smith, Watson et al. integrate multiomic data from patients with psoriasis using dimensionality reduction and machine learning techniques. This approach identifies biological relationships between genetic background, clinical features and disease severity, providing insight into disease variability across individuals.

The flow features of cell monolayers depend on cellular interactions. Now four different types of cell monolayer are shown to exhibit robust conformal invariance that belongs to the percolation universality class.

Although heavy fermion and cuprate superconductors are both unconventional superconductors, their composition and structure differ markedly. Yet, microwave spectra collected by Truncik et al. reveal a similarity in the charge dynamics of the heavy fermion superconductor CeCoIn5 and the cuprates.

A programmable quantum simulator based on Rydberg atom arrays is used to study the collective dynamics of a quantum phase transition and observe the phenomenon of quantum coarsening.

Consistent local activity reductions in autism co-localize with glutamatergic and GABAergic neurotransmission. These patterns resemble brain changes induced by ketamine, highlighting altered excitation-inhibition balance underlying autism’s neurophysiology.

Whether air pollufion is associated with urological cancer is largely unknown. In this study, the authors reveal correlafions between air pollufion and urological cancer risk: an increase of 5 μg/m³ in PM_2.5 and 10 μg/m³ in NO₂ would raise risks by 6-9% and 3-4%, respecfively; while lowering PM_2.5 to 5.8 μg/m³ may reduce urological cancer burden.

A region on chromosome 19p13 is associated with the risk of developing ovarian and breast cancer. Here, the authors genotyped SNPs in this region in thousands of breast and ovarian cancer patients and identified SNPs associated with three genes, which were analysed with functional studies.

De-localized deformation transitions towards ever greater strain localization before the onset of stick-slip behavior in single-direct-shear friction experiments on Carrara marble, which suggests strain localization may be a precursor to large earthquakes

Ziller and colleagues present a balanced investigation of the trade-off between privacy and performance when training artificially intelligent models for medical imaging analysis tasks. The authors evaluate the use of differential privacy in realistic threat scenarios, leading to their conclusion to promote the use of differential privacy, but implementing it in a manner that also retains performance.

Lecoutre, Maqdasy and Rizo-Roca show that whole-body pharmacological inhibition or adipocyte-specific deletion of glutaminase in mice activates thermogenesis in inguinal adipocytes and promotes metabolic health. They also link decreased plasma and adipose tissue glutamine-to-glutamate ratios to insulin resistance in humans with obesity.

Impact-induced acoustic and seismic wave events on Mars recorded by the InSight lander’s seismometer have been traced to fresh craters observed in spacecraft imagery.

Hawkey et al. provide insights into the spatio-temporal distribution and genetic diversity of Salmonella Paratyphi B — the agent of paratyphoid B fever — and report a genotyping scheme facilitating the international surveillance of this pathogen.

In this study, Zacher Kjeldsen and colleagues examine the role of partner mental health in maternal postpartum depression risk.

The authors show human embryo lineage specification in the blastocyst is driven by differential FGF/ERK signaling, which segregates yolk sac-fated hypoblast and embryonic epiblast. They establish naïve embryonic stem cells based on these insights.

The brain-expressed receptor GPR10 is involved in energy homeostasis in mice. Here the authors identify rare loss of function variants in GPR10 in people with severe obesity and showed that one of these variants causes obesity when modelled in mice, suggesting that future studies could explore GPR10 as a potential target for weight-loss therapy.