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Dysregulation in proteolysis contributes to brain tumorigenesis. Here the authors report that USP10 deubiquitinase is enriched in glioma stem cells (GSCs), which antagonizes DTX3L-mediated ubiquitination of SATB2, a major driver of GSC proliferation and self-renewal.

Topological lasers usually emit light from a fixed spot. Here, authors report on an all-solid-state platform where topological lasing is demonstrated at trivial lattice terminations as well as at reconfigurable arbitrary sites. The device consists of a Su-Schrieffer-Heeger waveguide array, printed in a disordered Nd:BaLaGa₃O₇ crystal.

Humanity’s Last Exam, a multi-modal benchmark at the frontier of human knowledge, is designed to be an expert-level closed-ended academic benchmark with broad subject coverage.

Li, Li, Wu et al. use a proteomics approach, PhastID to identify protein components of nuclear condensates (NCs). They reveal crosstalk between NCs, the dynamics of condensate components and identify an NC formed by BUD13.

A neural implant with a subnanolitre-volume can provide year-long in vivo recordings in awake mice.

High fidelity manipulation of diamond-based spin qubits is difficult at room temperature because of decoherence. Here, the authors show a universal set of logic gates in nitrogen-vacancy centres with average single-qubit and two-qubit gate fidelities of 0.999952 and 0.992, respectively.

Immune check point therapies have not been successful for prostate cancers, but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Here the authors show that a transcription factor, YY1, may promote the SUMOylation and stability of HIF-1α to suppress anti-tumor immunity, while targeting YY1 helps improve tumor control, in mouse prostate cancer models.

Understanding base excision repair leads to the development of more efficient mitochondrial adenine editors.

S-isotope and Hg geochemistry across the terrestrial Permian–Triassic mass extinction (252 Ma) provides evidence of repeated volcanic eruptions over ~300 kyr that drove acidification and poisoning of a palaeo-lacustrine ecosystem in northwest China.

Going from model development to a pilot implementation study, a deep learning model shows that acute aortic syndrome can be diagnosed directly from noncontrast CT, increasing accuracy and decreasing time to diagnosis.

Artificial intelligence-based detection of gastric cancer at different stages from noncontrast computed tomography is suggested to be feasible in a retrospective analysis of large and diverse cohorts, including real-world populations in opportunistic and targeted screening scenarios.

Glioma is a complex disease, and prognosis can depend on clinical, genomic and radiological information. Here, the authors develop a multimodal fusion subtyping model to integrate data modalities for predicting glioma subtypes.

A nanofluidic chemoelectrical generator utilizing the Coulomb drag effect is developed to achieve enhanced current density, generating an amplified current of 1.2 mA cm⁻² and voltage of approximately 0.8 V, scalable linearly to tens of Volts.

The study identifies transcription factor OsGATA8 as a negative regulator of nitrogen uptake and tiller formation in rice and OsGATA8-H as an elite haplotype with reduced expression and enhanced nitrogen use efficiency.

Understanding and controlling the quantum friction remain challenging. Here, the authors reveal pseudo-Landau levels splitting induced quantum friction at solid-solid interfaces via engineering the nanocurvature geometry of folded graphene edges.

Emissions abatement efforts in the agriculture, forestry and land-use sector are vital to achieve climate change mitigation targets, but their effects on food security remain poorly understood. Using six global agroeconomic models, this study explores how afforestation, bioenergy and non-CO₂ emissions reductions could impact agricultural prices and the risk of hunger under different scenarios.

The selection of experimental conditions for column chromatography is usually determined by experience. Here, authors have discovered explicit relation between thin layer chromatography and column chromatography through statistics and deep learning.

Post-translational modifications including protein sumoylation is under specific regulation in glioma stem cells (GSCs). Here, the authors show that Pin1 is deubiquitinated and stabilized by USP34, which in turn promotes isomerization of Ubc9, leading to SUMO1-modified global hypersumoylation to maintain the tumorigenic capacity of GSCs.

P-stereogenic heterocycles are privileged chiral ligands and bioactive compounds, but the catalytic asymmetric synthesis of P-stereogenic phosphindane derivatives is challenging. Here, the authors report a catalytic kinetic resolution of phosphindole oxides via rhodium-catalyzed diastereo- and enantioselective conjugate addition to access enantiopure Pstereogenic phosphindane and phosphindole derivatives.

In a phase 1b/2a trial, the combination of the oral PI3K inhibitor duvelisib and romidepsin had limited toxicity and exhibited encouraging clinical activity in patients with relapsed or refractory T cell lymphoma, suggesting an approach whereby PI3K inhibitors can be safely used in this patient population.

CO₂ conversion to liquid fuels provides an appealing means to remove the greenhouse gas, although it is challenging to find materials that are both active and selective. Here, authors show sulfur-doped indium to be a highly active and selective electrocatalyst that transforms CO₂ into formate.

The delivery of mRNAs into neurons at inflammatory sites in vivo can be enhanced by engineering leucocytes to produce extracellular vesicles incorporating mRNA-packaging retrovirus-like capsids.

Prime editors can mediate all twelve types of base substitutions and small insertions or deletions in living cells but its efficiency remains low. Here the authors introduce same-sense mutations into pegRNAs to increase base-editing efficiency and the pegRNA secondary structure was altered to increase indel-editing efficiency.

A natural mutant of maize exhibits leaf characteristics in line with the ‘smart canopy’ ideotype for high-density planting and boosts yields in large-scale field trials.

The authors reveal that the incorporation of doping elements with varying electronic structures and ionic radii alters the atomic-scale configuration, thereby affecting the local energy barrier associated with polarization rotation.

The study reconstructed Holocene seasonal temperatures using 1,310 pollen records covering the Northern Hemisphere landmass, and show that both summer and winter temperatures peaked at ~7 ka BP, but with significant spatial variability.

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are widely used but their risks for early neurodevelopment remain controversial. Here, the authors showed in zebrafish larvae that sulindac induces GABAergic neuron apoptosis through autophagy activation that leads to hyperactive behavior.

Clinical outcomes differ in men diagnosed with early- versus late-onset prostate cancer. Cheng and colleagues perform single-cell and spatial transcriptomics on patient samples to provide insights into the divergent tumor microenvironments.

To promote the recovery of the currently declining global trends in terrestrial biodiversity, increases in both the extent of land under conservation management and the sustainability of the global food system from farm to fork are required.

The tumour microenvironment plays an important role in promoting glioblastoma. Here, the authors show that glioma stem cells secrete WISP1, which promotes both the survival of the stem cells and tumour-associated macrophages.

Efficient electron-hole separation and carrier utilization are key factors in photosynthetic systems. Here, the authors achieve efficient charge separation following a photogenerated hole-transfer band-trap pathway in the ternary composite Pt@NH₂-UiO-66/CdS, resulting in photocatalytic hydrogen evolution with good stability and a quantum efficiency of 40.3% at 400 nm irradiation.

Tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs) facilitate malignant growth of glioblastoma (GBM). Here, the authors show that TAMs support glioma stem cell renewal via paracrine signalling to the pleiotrophin receptor PTPRZ1 and that blocking this axis results in increased survival of tumour-bearing animals.

Microbial ammonia oxidation is important in marine nutrient cycling and greenhouse gas dynamics, but the responses to ocean warming are unclear. Here coast to open ocean incubations show that projected year 2100 temperatures might be too hot for these microbes in oligotrophic regions to handle, but may facilitate oxidation rates in coastal waters.

By entangling the phase and spin of light, a synthetic metasurface is shown to be able to coherently manipulate the valley-exciton-locked chiral emission in monolayer tungsten disulfide at room temperature. The findings will be of benefit to advanced room-temperature and free-space nonlinear, quantum and valleytronic nanodevices.

The environmental changes at the Permian–Triassic boundary are thought to have been caused primarily by volcanic eruptions. Here the authors develop a model to show that the loss of ecosystems on land and consequent massive terrestrial biomass oxidation triggered large biogeochemical changes in the oceans at the time of the marine mass extinction.

Invasion of the gut by oral bacteria in liver cirrhosis.

Glioblastomas contains stem-like tumor cells that display differential metabolic profiles. Here the authors show that brain tumor initiating cells contain fragmented mitochondria owing to activation of the key mediator of mitochondrial fission, DRP1, controlled by a competitive CDK5–CAMK2 axis. Targeting DRP1 activity attenuates growth of stem-like tumor cells, and activated DRP1 informs poor patient prognosis.