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Heart failure affects millions worldwide with limited treatment options. Here, the authors develop a biodegradable, self-powered vagus nerve stimulator that attenuates cardiac damage at different disease stages without requiring battery replacement or surgical removal.

Papaya is a trioecious species with XX females, XY males, and XY^h hermaphrodites, and the combination of Y and Y^h chromosomes is lethal. Here, the authors identify the degeneration of the YY lethality gene on the Y chromosome as the causal balancing lethal factor that reenforces dioecy and stabilizes balanced sex ratios.

This study shows that excessive atmospheric nitrogen deposition can enhance methane production and emissions by impacting microbial phosphorus acquisition due to the change of N/P ratios in oxygenated surface oceans.

The existence of a long-lived, prethermal regime in many-body systems with tunable heating rates, driven by structured random protocols, is observed using a 78-qubit superconducting quantum processor.

B7H3 is an immune checkpoint overexpressed in many cancers and associated with tumor immune evasion. Here, the authors discover that in colorectal cancer, particularly microsatellite-stable tumors, palmitic acid promotes ZDHHC24- mediated B7H3 palmitoylation, regulating CD8⁺ T cell antitumor activity.

The study evaluates China’s offshore wind potential using farm-scale modeling, revealing lower potential than previous estimates. It incorporates realistic turbine layouts, wake loss modeling, and climate scenarios, highlighting economic and technical differences between nearshore and deep-water wind farms.

Transition-metal-catalyzed nitrene strategies exhibit high efficacy for intermolecular N–H insertion, but nitrene-mediated N–N coupling under metal-free conditions has rarely been explored. Herein, the authors report the selective N–N coupling using sulfilimines as nitrene precursors.

Here the authors systematically benchmark 13 polygenic score (PGS) methods in UK Biobank European and African populations, revealing factors that affect prediction accuracy. They also introduce an automated platform for standardized and reproducible PGS computation.

The authors report long-lived pump-induced conductivity suppression in metallic Ti₃C₂ MXenes using ultrafast terahertz and reflectance spectroscopy. The effect is attributed to strong photothermal heating and slow heat dissipation.

The study used snMultiome-seq to map gene expression and chromatin accessibility in human central amygdala cells from people with and without AUD. Here, the authors show that inhibitory neurons are most affected, with KLF16-driven regulatory changes and AUD-risk variants disrupting gene activity.

Multislice electron ptychography reveals that gradient-distributed ions induce progressive lattice distortions from bulk to surface, driving monoclinic γ-WO3 electrochromic materials to transform into tetragonal and cubic phases and forming the gradient-distributed colour centers.

The efficacy of radiotherapy is sometimes hindered by the hypoxic and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Chen et al. develop an injectable hydrogel encapsulating IL-12/aCTLA-4 co-engineered red blood cells, thereby alleviating hypoxia-induced radioresistance and sequentially releasing aCTLA-4/IL-12 to relieve tumor immunosuppression.

This work describes a Pd−B diatomic catalyst that can selectively catalyze the photosynthesis of glycine via C−N coupling reaction between PET-derived ethylene glycol and nitrate, achieving a yield of 2.9 mmol g_cat⁻¹ h⁻¹ and selectivity of 92%.

Klebsiella pneumoniae clonal group 23 is a public health concern due to hypervirulence and carbapenem resistance. Here, the authors sequence 13 new isolates of the ST218-KL57 strain from China and conduct genomic analyses to investigate evolutionary divergence and resistance patterns.

Here the authors report that some aspects of clinical heterogeneity in type 2 diabetes vary across populations. Using a deep-learning–based tree model built from over 32,000 patients, they document disease patterns and risks specific for the Chinese population, potentially enabling more precise prediction and personalized care.

Humanity’s Last Exam, a multi-modal benchmark at the frontier of human knowledge, is designed to be an expert-level closed-ended academic benchmark with broad subject coverage.

On-chip circularly polarized light (CPL) detectors are relevant for various applications, but current approaches have shown a trade-off between wide spectral detection range, high discrimination ratio and high polarization sensitivity. Here, the authors report broadband high-performance CPL detectors based on twisted black phosphorus structures.

Thymine DNA glycosylase (TDG) was identified as a synthetic-lethal target in p53-deficient cancers through alterations in double-stranded RNA accumulation. A covalent small-molecule inhibitor of TDG exhibited potent efficacy against p53-deficient tumors.

Gas diffusion electrodes enable electrochemical H₂O₂ production, but fused binders and disordered pores restrict mass transport. Here, the authors report a non-fused gradient catalyst layer that supports directional self-transport and stable high efficiency at industrial current densities.

Gravitationally induced stratification during self-assembly often leads to density driven vertical segregation limiting the synthesis of metastable nanofilms. Here, the authors address this limitation with an antigravity confined interfacial self-assembly synthesis where capillary forces dominate and enable precise molecular organization resulting in ordered and stable nanofilms.

This study reports that genomic signatures composed of the loss of pluripotency inhibitors, expansion of pluripotency activators and maintenance of an epigenetically permissive state contribute to the plantlet formation in Kalanchoe.

Soil life relies on microbial nutrient exchange to maintain ecosystem balance. This study shows that cobamide-producing microbes act as essential connectors in soil food webs, supporting host health and highlighting cross-kingdom links central to One Health.

As Nature Aging celebrates its fifth anniversary, the journal asks some of the researchers who contributed to the journal early on to reflect on the past and the future of aging and age-related disease research, the impact of the field on human health now and in the future, and what challenges need to be addressed to ensure sustained progress.

This study demonstrated that distinct antidepressant therapies act on a common brain network. It explains previous heterogeneous findings across therapies and may be adopted to guide precision repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation.

Aortic aneurysm and dissection are lethal vascular diseases lacking effective medical therapy. Here the authors show that calcium channel blocker use increases AAD risk, worsens disease progression in models and patients, and may impair post-repair outcomes, warranting caution in at-risk hypertension.

Off-the-shelf, on-demand allogeneic CAR-T cells could represent a therapeutic alternative to autologous products for cancer therapy. Here the authors report the preclinical characterization of off-the-shelf CRISPR-Cas9– edited IL-13Rα2-specific allogeneic universal CAR-T cells and the results of a first-in-human phase I trial in patients with high-grade glioma.

Dynamically cross-linked thermosets often show decreased performance after numerous reprocessing cycles, limiting their long-term recyclability. Here, the authors introduce dynamic hindered urea bonds into polyurethane, enabling its thermal-decrosslinking and offering an upcycling route.

Psychedelics and their non-hallucinogenic analogues were compared, revealing that serotonin 2A receptor (5-HT_2AR)-mediated G_i signalling is essential for hallucinogenic effect, with the functional mechanisms underlying this providing insights for designing therapeutic drugs without hallucinogenic effects.

Integrating geodetic and seismic data with kinematic and dynamic modeling suggests that the 2025 Mw 7.7 Myanmar rupture transitioned between subshear and supershear speeds in both directions and was strongly influenced by thick sediments.

In this work, authors present a biohybrid delivery system aimed at overcoming low oral bioavailability and antibiotic-induced dysbiosis by enabling efficient antibiotic transport in the proximal small intestine.

Optical heterostructures have potential in integrated photonics and optoelectronics but are challenging to prepare in single-component systems. Here, the authors report an intrinsic optical heterostructure in an organic nanosheet, with enhanced fluorescence in an inner zone.

Accurately assessing the sustainability of grassland ecosystems affected by grazing is challenging at the continental scale. Using the developed alert index, this study suggests that 51.02% of grasslands exceed their carrying capacity, while 26.53% remain underutilized.

It is unclear how early-life urbanicity influences adult neurobehavioral traits. This study reveals that earlier menarche mediates the relationship between early-life urbanicity and adult neurobehavioral traits associated with mental disorders.

Recently, the asymmetric bifunctionalization of alkenes has received much attention but the development of enantioselective alkoxyalkenylation has posed a considerable challenge and has lagged largely behind. Here, the authors report a palladium-catalyzed enantioselective alkoxyalkenylation reaction, using a range of primary, secondary, and tertiary γ-hydroxyalkenes with alkenyl halides.

Identifying jets originating from heavy quarks plays a fundamental role in hadronic collider experiments. In this work, the ATLAS Collaboration describes and tests a transformer-based neural network architecture for jet flavour tagging based on low-level input and physics-inspired constraints.

The authors demonstrate inverse-designed, ultra-compact multimode photonic components on thin-film lithium niobate. These elements enable densely integrated circuits within a 0.06 mm² chip area and support high-speed data modulation up to 120 Gbps per channel alongside multimode signal transmission.

Through integrated multi-omics and experimental validation, this study reveals that altered gut microbiota and bile acid metabolism activate TLR3 to induce urothelial injury in interstitial cystitis, identifying a pathway with therapeutic potential.

Altermagnets combine spin-split electronic bands with zero net magnetization, making them ideal for integration into spin-based information processing devices. Here Guo, Chen, Zeng, and coauthors demonstrate a magnetic memory making use of the altermagnetic spin splitting torque in a three terminal MRAM device.

A four-qubit quantum error detection circuit with stabilizers can be implemented with spin qubits in a donor-based silicon quantum processor.

Liu et al. report Chinese normative lifespan brain charts showing later neurodevelopmental milestones than those detected in Western cohorts. Individual deviations from these norms are valuable in assessing clinical risk and outcomes.

Yang et al. introduce a unified framework for liquid electrolyte design, integrating a forward predictive model with an inverse generative approach, where three generated high-conductivity candidates were identified and experimentally validated.

Strong paramagnetism is generated in hydrogels rich in carbon–oxygen double bonds simply by coupling with diamagnetic Ca cations. These paramagnetic hydrogels are applied as magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents and magnetic drug carriers.

α-Amino acids are fundamental components of proteins and natural molecules, with nonnatural variants valued in both academia and industry for their ability to tune chemical, physical, and pharmaceutical properties. Herein, the authors report a photoredox-catalyzed protocol for the synthesis of optically active α-amino amides from readily available aldehydes, amines, and formamides.

Multimodal immune profiling of ART pregnancies reveals systemic immune hyperactivation in gestational diabetes, characterized by activated CD8⁺ T cells, altered immune repertoires, and inflammatory signaling driven by FOS/JUN and KLF6.

Multimodal brain recordings are no easy task. Here, the authors introduce a neural implant with integrated carbon nanotube field-effect transistors for multimodal recording of electrical and chemical signals.

A pigeon-eye-inspired multimodal high-resolution tactile sensor, combined with a tactile language model, allows robots to achieve human-like tactile perception and understanding of their environment.

Here, the authors document the evolutionary dynamics of angiosperm pollen, using pollen morphology and time calibrated phylogeny. They identify two surges in pollen disparity in the mid-Cretaceous and Paleogene that are associated with environmental changes and important pollen adaptations.

Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is a rare and aggressive neuroendocrine tumor with limited risk stratification. Here, the authors perform multi-omic analysis of MTC samples from 452 patients across 10 Chinese clinical centers, identify molecular subtypes and develop a prediction model.