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Combining a low-coherence source with silicon nitride ring resonators featuring normal group velocity dispersion enables electrically pumped, high-power microcombs, providing on-chip power up to 158 mW and high-coherence comb lines with linewidths as narrow as 200 kHz.

Single-photon dual-comb ghost imaging spectroscopy was first proposed, achieving high-speed and high-resolution spectral analysis in photon-scarce scenarios and demonstrating applications in fingerprint spectral detection and ultra-long-distance fiber sensing.

Frequency metrology lies at the heart of precision measurement. Here, authors establish a phasecoherent frequency link across microwave, optical, and free-electron domains. This bridges electromagnetic waves and electron matter waves, advancing ultrahigh-precision electron spectroscopy.

Optical frequency combs power technologies like communication but face stability issues in miniaturization. Here, authors present a self-locked microcomb in a lithium niobate chip by combining electro-optic, Kerr, and Raman effects, achieving a 300 nm span and low noise without external feedback.

Using low-threshold and dispersion engineering, a 2.6-octave frequency comb is generated on a LiNbO₃ chip via an optical parametric oscillator with only 121 fJ. The optical parametric oscillator design eases the requirements for quality factor and relatively narrow spectral coverage of the cavity.

The authors demonstrate an exciting technique to cancel the common-mode vibration of a photonic resonator upon optical frequency division to microwave frequencies. The resulting 10 GHz microwave achieves 22.6 dB suppression of vibration noise, without incurring any penalty in phase-noise performance.

Ultrawideband beamforming is essential for next generation radar and communication. Here, authors demonstrate a photonic beamforming approach using frequency combs that enables beamforming and continuous beam-steering of LFM waveforms, supporting high-performance integrated sensing and communication.

Non-Hermitian systems offer unique capabilities for manipulating light. Here, authors demonstrate non-reciprocal frequency conversion through non-Hermitian and nonlinear coupling, enabling high-efficiency photonic devices and exploration of non-Hermitian topology.

Phase-stabilized frequency combs are critical for optical precision measurements. They have now been realized in a chip-scale format with CMOS compatible electrical control

High frequency microwave is crucial for communication and radar applications. The authors develop a compact Kerr comb for photonic THz generation with near quantum limited noise performance, enabling record-breaking 240 Gbps wireless communication.

Controllable non-reciprocal hopping is crucial for emerging photonic technologies. Here, the authors demonstrate a tunable microwave system exhibiting non-Hermitian, phase-non-reciprocal, and nonlinear dynamics, with potential relevance to sensing, quantum networks, and synthetic photonic materials.

Here the authors use on-chip amplitude and phase modulation to synchronously pump a resonator on thin-film lithium niobate for frequency comb generation. They find that pulsed pumping significantly mitigates stimulated Raman scattering and improves the overall efficiency of the device.

Microcombs are vulnerable to the environmental perturbations. Here, the authors propose a universal mechanism to fully control the microcombs. Based this reconfigurable microsoliton, a wavemeter with a precision of kHz is demonstrated.

Nanometric distance metrology is needed in application spanning from nanotechnology to largescale manufacturing. Here, authors used a mutually coherent soliton pulse pair generated in a single microresonator for dual-comb ranging (DCR), achieving record 1-nm precision and reducing power requirements by over 60 dB.

Here the authors provide the experimental demonstration of a widely tunable integrated frequency comb source unlocking the spectrum from the visible to the mid-infrared in a thin-film lithium niobate platform.

The authors showcase a compact, energy-efficient multi-wavelength light source for scalable multi-Tb/s optical links. The system integrates a Kerr microcomb with a CMOS-compatible demultiplexer that requires zero tuning energy—advancing the design of practical, high-capacity WDM systems for data center and communication infrastructure.

Here, the authors demonstrate the use of chaos to obtain 2-octave comb generation. The deformation lifts the circular symmetry and creates chaotic tunneling channels that enable broadband collection of intracavity emission with a single waveguide, introducing a new degree of freedom to microcomb studies.

For advanced microcomb applications, the exact detection of the high repetition rate becomes difficult due to the limited bandwidth of the photodiodes. Here, the authors present a Vernier dual-comb method to sample the main soliton comb and divide the repetition rate by a generating low frequency beat notes.

Optical frequency combs in the mid-infrared are required for molecular gas detection applications but their realization in compact microresonator-based platforms is challenging. Here, Griffith et al. demonstrate on-chip broadband comb generation on a silicon microresonator spanning from 2.1 to 3.5 μm.

Phase-coherent frequency combs in the mid-infrared have important potential applications but their fabrication remains challenging. Here, Kuyken et al. demonstrate an octave-spanning frequency comb in the mid-infrared using a highly nonlinear dispersion-engineered silicon waveguide on a silicon-on-insulator chip.

Continuum generation in optical fibres has enabled many applications, like optical frequency combs. Here, Ohet al. demonstrate controlled dispersive-wave generation in on-chip silica waveguides, which could have a similar impact on integrated devices.

The quantum aspect of soliton microcomb from an integrated silicon carbide microresonator is studied in several regimes — below threshold, above threshold and in the soliton regime — using a single-photon optical spectrum analyser for second-order photon correlation measurement.

Nonlinear optical phonons often exhibit rapid decay. Here, the authors demonstrate long-lived nonlinear optical phonons through the spontaneous formation of phonon frequency combs in CrXTe₃ (X=Ge,Si).

Here, authors leverage two uncoupled, independently tuned resonators to achieve broadband (> 100 nm) resonant second-harmonic generation across the entire telecom spectrum.

Dual-comb spectroscopy is a powerful tool for realizing rapid spectroscopic measurements with high sensitivity and selectivity. Here, Yu et al. demonstrate silicon microresonator-based dual comb spectroscopy in the mid-infrared region, where strong vibrational resonances of many liquids exist.

A turnkey regime for soliton microcombs is demonstrated, in which solitons are generated by switching on a co-integrated pump laser, eliminating the need for photonic and electronic control circuitry.

Here, the authors show that the resolution and speed limitations in broadband photo-acoustic spectroscopy can be overcome by combining dual-comb spectroscopy with photo-acoustic detection. This enables broadband detection and allows for rapid and sensitive multi-species molecular analysis across all wavelengths of light.

A broadband multi-frequency Fabry–Pérot laser diode, when coupled to a high-Q microresonator, can be efficiently transformed to an ~100 mW narrow-linewidth single-frequency light source, and subsequently, to a coherent soliton Kerr comb oscillator.

In normal dispersion, modulation instability, which is a precursor of Kerr combs, is forbidden due to phase mismatch. Here, the authors show the compensation of such phase mismatch by introducing frequency-dependent loss using a notch filter, hence leading to effective parametric gain and comb formation.

Dual-comb spectroscopy has become a valuable tool for broadband high-resolution measurements. Here Bergevin et al. apply this technique to a laser-induced plasma detecting different species in a solid sample with a spectral resolution sufficient to resolve hyperfine splitting of the Rb D₂ line.

Kerr microcombs promise the miniaturization of frequency comb sources, but many applications require additional second-order nonlinearities. Here, Wang et al. demonstrate that comb generation and second-order functionalities can be monolithically integrated on a single lithium niobate chip.

Frequency combs based on terahertz quantum cascade lasers, which combine the high power of lasers with the broadband capabilities of pulsed sources, are demonstrated. The frequency combs generate 5 mW of terahertz power covering a frequency range of almost 500 GHz and produce more than 70 lines at 3.5 THz.

Researcher demonstrate the line-by-line pulse shaping of frequency combs generated in silicon nitride ring resonators, and observe two distinct paths to comb formation that exhibit strikingly different time domain behaviours.

A compact optical frequency division system with magnesium-fluoride-microresonator-based frequency references and silicon-nitride-microresonator-based comb generators is reported, offering a soliton pulse train at 25-GHz microwaves with an absolute phase noise of –141 dBc Hz^–1 and timing noise below 546 zs Hz^–1/2 at a 10-kHz offset frequency.

Optical frequency combs are key tools in spectroscopy and telecom. Here, authors report a stable and broadband comb (>10 THz) from a high-Q fiber Fabry-Perot resonator via Kerr-Brillouin passive mode-locking. This easily integrable platform ensures state-of-the-art photonic performance.

Photonic-crystal ring resonators (PhCRs) offer direct control of nonlinear interactions. Here, authors explore the bandgap detuned excitation regime of PhCRs where they open bandgaps mode-detuned from the pump laser, and demonstrate OPOs and microcombs with low threshold power and high efficiency.

Microresonator frequency combs are versatile tools for sensing, data transmission and quantum applications. In this work the authors present the generation of low-noise frequency combs at repetition rates of 100 GHz by utilizing a cascaded forward-propagating Brillouin scattering process to seed soliton frequency comb generation.

Two-color lasers often suffer from low coherence at large frequency spacings. Herein, the authors use the Pound-Drever-Hall technique to synchronize two lasers to a common ultra-stable optical cavity, achieving high coherence and generating microwave signals with remarkable phase noise via 2-point frequency division.

By leveraging microcavity-integrated photonics and Kerr-induced optical frequency division, an integrated photonic millimetre-wave oscillator with low phase noise is demonstrated, achieving –77 dBc Hz^–1 and –121 dBc Hz^–1, respectively, at 100-Hz and 10-kHz offset frequencies, corresponding to –98 dBc Hz^–1 and –142 dBc Hz^–1 when scaled to a 10-GHz carrier.

Using two-point optical frequency division based on a frequency-agile single-mode dispersive wave, a microwave signal source with record-low phase noise using a microcomb is demonstrated, offering over tenfold lower phase noise than state-of-the-art approaches.

New fully integrated semiconductor laser architectures are shown to be able to generate bright and background-free picosecond solitons at GHz repetition rates in the mid-infrared range.

Dark pulse microcombs have been realized in dissipation-engineered lithium niobate microresonators, unlocking broadband, high-power coherent light sources for communication and microwave applications in integrated lithium niobate photonic.

Using a grating-based mode-splitting and reflector approach, a bidirectional chip-scale nanophotonic Kerr-resonator circuit that consumes 97% of the pump power to generate a soliton frequency comb at approaching unit efficiency with 65% conversion efficiency is reported.

Su et al. demonstrate ultra-fast light pulses in multimode fiber with dynamically evolving spatial profiles and tunable group velocities ranging from subluminal to superluminal and negative values, achieved through correlated space-time wave packets.

A new optical technique, modulated ringdown comb interferometry, is introduced for measuring the concentration of gas species in a complex sample and its efficacy demonstrated using exhaled human breath and ambient air in the mid-infrared.

By pairing an octave-spanning terahertz microcomb with a terahertz Vernier microcomb, a continuous-wave laser at 871 nm is frequency divided to a radiofrequency clock output at 235 MHz. This laser is designed for frequency doubling to reach the ytterbium ion clock transition at 435.5 nm.

An integrated electro-optic frequency comb that combines microwave integrated circuits with a photonic circuit based on lithium tantalate leads to broadband operation with low power requirements.

Complex-valued neural networks can recognize phase-sensitive data in wave-related phenomena. Here, authors report a complex-valued optical convolution accelerator operating at over 2 TOPS for recognition of radar images, represents advances towards real-time analysis of complex satellite data.