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Analysis combining multiple global tree databases reveals that whether a location is invaded by non-native tree species depends on anthropogenic factors, but the severity of the invasion depends on the native species diversity.

Pingan Ni and colleagues proposed a multidisciplinary framework integrating high-resolution geometric data with multidimensional sky models to reveal spatiotemporal coupling heterogeneities in solar radiation distribution across large-scale heritage surfaces.

The scaffold protein AXIN can promote the formation of two opposing complexes: the Wnt signalosome and a degradation complex that inhibits Wnt. Here, the authors show that mechanical compression and the presence/absence of Wnt ligand are inputs in a circuit that acts as a logic gate to control which complex is formed.

Soil viruses may impact soil carbon cycle. Here, the authors use metagenomic analysis of contaminated soil and 13 C labeled microcosm incubation to show that the DNA viral community enhances microbial carbon fixation capacity via auxiliary metabolic genes.

The Taiwan Precision Medicine Initiative recruited and genotyped more than half a million Taiwanese participants, almost all of Han Chinese ancestry, and performed comprehensive genomic analyses and developed polygenic risk score prediction models for numerous health conditions.

Earth-abundant cobalt-based catalysts have shown promise to replace iridium as anode catalysts in proton-exchange-membrane water electrolysers, but unfortunately they exhibit high degradation rates. Now, a lanthanum and calcium co-modification of Co₃O₄ is presented, in which lanthanum tunes the water–surface interactions to suppress cobalt dissolution and improve stability, while calcium leaching creates coordinatively unsaturated cobalt sites, leading to enhanced activity.

Alternative stable states in forests have implications for the biosphere. Here, the authors combine forest biodiversity observations and simulations revealing that leaf types across temperate regions of the NH follow a bimodal distribution suggesting signatures of alternative forest states.

Human stem cell–derived β cells accumulate high basal PEP, which disrupts glucose-stimulated insulin release. Restoring PKM1 lowers basal PEP and improves glucose responses, advancing the maturation of stem cell–derived islets for diabetes therapy.

A recombinant adeno-associated virus system for restricted gene expression in brain endothelial cells enables cerebrovascular disease modelling.

Catalytic asymmetric click reactions of azides and alkynes for chiral triazole synthesis remains a challenge, due to the limited catalytic systems and substrate scope. Herein, the authors report the enantioselective azidation/click cascade reaction of N-propargyl-β-ketoamides via copper catalysis, affording a variety of chiral 1,2,3-triazoles.

This protocol identifies endogenous biomolecular condensates by combining sucrose density gradient centrifugation with quantitative mass spectrometry, enabling proteome-wide, stimulus-responsive profiling of phase-separating proteins.

The assembly of giant silver clusters by using macrocylic multidentate ligand remains a challenge. Here, the authors synthesize a chromate-templated 88-nuclei silver super calix and reveal the role of anion templating effects and a hierarchical assembly mechanism.

Generation of multipartite entanglement between quantum states is crucial for developing quantum computation systems, although it has proven harder to achieve for photons than ions. Here, an eight-photon entangled state based on four independent photon pairs is observed, beating the previous record of six.

Highly stretchable organic light-emitting diodes tend to suffer from a lack of mechanical robustness. Here, Yin et al. fabricate ordered buckled films by laying flexible light-emitting diodes on laser-ablated, prestretched substrates. The devices exhibit good emission stability over 15,000 stretching cycles.

In this Perspective, members of the Aging Biomarker Consortium outline the X-Age Project, an Aging Biomarker Consortium plan for building standardized aging clocks in China. The authors discuss the project roadmap and its aims of decoding aging heterogeneity, detecting accelerated aging early and evaluating geroprotective interventions.

Defect engineering in catalysts can enhance performance by manipulating vacancy configurations, but controlling them is challenging. The authors report triple O-Ti-O vacancies in Ni-doped TiO₂, which boost catalytic reactions through water dissociation and active site regeneration.

Species’ traits and environmental conditions determine the abundance of tree species across the globe. Here, the authors find that dominant tree species are taller and have softer wood compared to rare species and that these trait differences are more strongly associated with temperature than water availability.

The authors show that hot-pressing markedly improves high-power performance. In the hot-pressing process, the combined effect of applied pressure and sintering aids reduces the sintering temperature, which not only minimizes lead volatilization but also promotes densification.

Whole-genome sequencing, transcriptome-wide association and fine-mapping analyses in over 7,000 individuals with critical COVID-19 are used to identify 16 independent variants that are associated with severe illness in COVID-19.

Underpotential deposition (UPD) is important to modify the surface properties of nanocrystals. Here, the authors show the application of in situ electrochemical dark field spectroscopy in identifying the UPD processes of silver on different facets of gold nanocrystals at the single nanoparticle level.

Methods to access atropisomers bearing silanol groups are of value in organic synthesis. Here, the authors report a rhodium-catalyzed torsional strain-promoted asymmetric ring-opening reaction for the synthesis of α-silyl biaryl atropisomers.

Observations of γ-rays with energies up to 1.4 PeV find that 12 sources in the Galaxy are PeVatrons, one of which is the Crab Nebula.

Experimental demonstrations of genuine high-dimensional multipartite quantum nonlocality have been lacking so far. Here, the authors fill this gap using entangled photons, surpassing qubit-based limits and paving the way for device-independent quantum information processing in more complex systems.

A new artificial intelligence model, DeepSeek-R1, is introduced, demonstrating that the reasoning abilities of large language models can be incentivized through pure reinforcement learning, removing the need for human-annotated demonstrations.

Expanding editing scope while reducing byproducts is now possible for prime editing. Here, authors develop reverse prime editing (rPE), a SpCas9-based tool enabling editing in reverse window with high fidelity and demonstrate its use in inserting therapeutic variants.

The role of vascular plasticity in brain function remains poorly understood. Here, the authors demonstrate that a significant portion of blood vessels in the adult brain periodically occlude and regress, a process that is associated with a reduction in neuronal activity.

This work advances multimodal structural refinements to generate 3D polarization maps for relaxor ferroelectrics, revealing continuous textures with vortex meron features tied to chemical disorder and deepening understanding of relaxor phenomena.

Childhood maltreatment interacts with genes to increase depression risk. Here, Sun et al. use a genome-wide approach to identify variants of IDO2 associated with depression in individuals who have undergone child maltreatment.

High-throughput proteome-wide methods for identifying endogenous proteins that phase separate or partition into condensates during certain physiological events are needed but remain a challenge. Now, a high-throughput, unbiased and quantitative strategy can identify endogenous biomolecular condensates and screen proteins involved in phase separation on a proteome-wide scale.

Xuejun Zhang and colleagues report a genome-wide association and replication studies for psoriasis, conducted in Chinese populations. They confirm previous associations in MHC and IL12B to psoriasis susceptibility, and report a new association within the LCE gene cluster at 1q21.

Reactivating adult cardiomyocyte proliferation is key to heart regeneration post-injury. Here, authors show that medium from human iPSC-derived primitive macrophages (hiPM-cm) induces adult cardiomyocyte proliferation and promotes heart regeneration.

Long-term stability is a key challenge for ruthenium-based oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalysts. Here, the authors present a RuO2/LiCoO2 catalyst with dynamic Li dissolution, which weakens the covalency of the Ru-O bond to prevent the lattice oxygen mechanism, thereby ensuring stable acidic OER.

Wood density is an important plant trait. Data from 1.1 million forest inventory plots and 10,703 tree species show a latitudinal gradient in wood density, with temperature and soil moisture explaining variation at the global scale and disturbance also having a role at the local level.

Recently, the non-fullerene acceptors with fused rings enable high-efficiency organic solar cells but they are not ideal in terms of synthetic cost and yield. Here, Huang et al. report ‘less fused’ acceptors with non-covalent S⋅⋅⋅O interactions and solar cell efficiency of up to 13%.

Sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (SA-AKI) leads to significant morbidity and mortality, but early diagnosis remains challenging. Here the authors use single urinary extracellular vesicle proteomics to identify complement receptor CD35 as a biomarker for sepsis-associated acute kidney injury.

The authors generate the Berry curvature dipole and valley-coupled spin photocurrent via interfacial symmetry engineering at the WSe₂/SiP heterostructure, and can electrically tune such nonlinear optoelectronic phenomena via the gate bias.

Directed evolution is typically a slow and labor-intensive process that relies on multiple cycles of mutation to accelerate the development of desired protein traits. Now, a platform, named T7-ORACLE, has been developed that enables fast and scalable protein evolution.

Moiré patterns have been experimentally observed in heterostructures comprised of topological insulator films. Here, the authors propose that topological insulator-based moiré heterostructures could be a host of isolated topologically non-trivial moiré minibands for the study of the interplay between topology and correlation.

A deep-learning algorithm that removes patient-identifying information from facial images, while retaining sufficient information for accurate disease diagnosis, has the potential to protect patient privacy and facilitate public acceptance of facial imaging for use in digital medicine.

Deep sequencing of samples from patients infected with Ebola virus during the latest West Africa outbreak reveals intra-host single nucleotide variations, including events that modulate the expression of the gene encoding the viral nucleoprotein.

Unlike cortical progenitors, ventral telencephalic progenitors retain the ability to generate diverse neuron types during neurogenesis. Here, the authors show that ventral telencephalic progenitor maturation is gated by developmental timing, revealing a distinct regulatory logic underlying the development of inhibitory neurons.

Here, the authors introduce a statistical framework for analyzing gene-environment interactions across diverse traits, effectively addressing ancestry differences while maintaining scalability for largescale genome-wide studies.

Giant cell tumor of bone (GCTB) is a rare primary osteolytic bone tumor with high local recurrence rate after surgical resection. Here the authors conduct a phase Ib/II trial, evaluating the efficacy and safety of JMT103 (RANK-RANKL inhibitor) in patients with unresectable or surgically-challenging GCTB.