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Peritumoural pancreatitis and lobular injury are commonly seen in pancreatic cancer. Here, the authors reveal interactions between invading tumour cells and inflammation-related lobular cells, linked to switching from a basal to classical tumor cell phenotype.

In a large, partially prospective cohort of patients with molecularly profiled and clinically annotated meningioma, the extent of surgical resection and radiotherapy (RT) response correlate with molecular classification, which can be used in a molecular model to predict clinical outcomes in response to RT.

Simultaneous profiling of spatial transcriptomics (ST) and metabolomics (SM) offers a novel way to decode tissue microenvironment heterogeneity. Here, the authors present SpatialMETA, a conditional variational autoencoder-based framework designed for the integration of ST and SM data.

The SWEET project is a multicenter, randomized, controlled trial that shows that long-term consumption of sweeteners and sweetness enhancers improves body weight control and elicits beneficial gut microbiota changes in adults with overweight or obesity.

Sears and colleagues found that ongoing replication stress pathways and T cell clonal responses differentiate liver and lung recurrence and are associated with different clinical outcomes in the context of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

Using data from the CoVPN 3008 study, the authors show that the neutralizing antibody correlate of risk holds in people living with HIV. However, the nAb correlate was weaker and shorter-lived in a vaccine-immunity versus hybrid-immunity population.

A NutNet experiment in 57 grasslands across six continents shows that when herbivores are excluded from grasslands with a long coevolutionary history of grazing plant diversity is reduced, while in grasslands without a long grazing history the evolutionary history of the plant species regulates the response of plant diversity.

Single-cell RNA sequencing maps tissue-level gene expression heterogeneity but faces challenges in interpreting biological signals due to noise and technical confounders. Here, the authors present sciRED, a method that enhances the interpretation of scRNA-seq factorization by linking factors to known covariates and hidden biological phenomena.

Glioblastoma (GBM) is an aggressive tumor characterized by an immunosuppressive microenvironment. Here, the authors present a therapeutic approach based on the implantation of a biodegradable scaffold for the sustained, local release of a TLR7/8 agonist at the time of tumor resection, to achieve anti-tumor immunity and protection from future tumor challenge.

A large-scale, five-year study in Indonesia finds that enriching oil palm-dominated landscapes with patches of trees bolsters biodiversity and ecosystem functioning without impairing oil palm yields but should not replace forest protection.

Anthropogenic losses of animal pollinators threaten ecosystem functioning. Here the authors report a global analysis showing geographically varied yet widespread declines of pollinator diversity and abundance with land use intensification, particularly in tropical biomes.

Olfactomedin-2 is a pleiotropic glycoprotein emerging as a regulator of energy homeostasis via the hypothalamus. The present findings functionally connect adipose-specific OLFM2 to obesity, and highlight its significance in maintaining adipocyte commitment to avoid metabolic disease.

Evidence synthesized from 252 large-herbivore exclusion studies suggests that herbivore-induced change in dominance, independent of site productivity or precipitation, best predicts herbivore effects on biodiversity in grassland and savannah sites.

A common but untested expectation is that nutrient enrichment causes biotic homogenization. However, a globally standardized nutrient addition experiment in grasslands shows proportionally similar species loss across scales and no biotic homogenization after up to 14 years of treatment.

Osugo et al show in healthy humans that sustained dopamine D2/D3 receptor antagonism impairs motivated behaviour, hedonic experience, and emotional expression, and that this is related to blunted striatal reward response following D2/D3 antagonism.

Understanding the growth dynamics of GBMs can help expand therapeutic options. Here, authors use a cross-species computational approach to compare GBM cells to healthy neural stem cells, identifying predictors and modulators of tumour growth, including the Wnt antagonist, SFRP1, which stalls growth in preclinical xenograft models.

A compilation of 4,476 riverine fish community time series is used to identify trends in community composition and species abundance and richness over several decades. Spatial heterogeneity in the trends is linked to the timing and strength of anthropogenic pressures, including the introduction of non-native species.

Whole-metagenome sequencing of 1,780 raw-material, end-product and surface samples from 113 food processing facilities reveals the occurrence of antimicrobial resistance determinants in foods and their processing environments.

The quark structure of the f₀(980) hadron is still unknown after 50 years of its discovery. Here, the CMS Collaboration reports a measurement of the elliptic flow of the f₀(980) state in proton-lead collisions at a nucleon-nucleon centre-of-mass energy of 8.16 TeV, providing strong evidence that the state is an ordinary meson.

The implications of early telencephalic development in cortical disorders remain elusive. Here, the authors define risk gene dynamics and perturbation effects in neural stem cells, revealing vulnerability phases during early human corticogenesis.

An analysis of more than 500 sites distributed worldwide finds that declines in the abundance of terrestrial insects are attributable mainly to decreases in species that were formerly abundant, rather than being the result of losses of rare species.

Menstrual disturbance has been reported as a symptom of post-acute COVID-19 while other long COVID symptoms may vary across the menstrual cycle. Here, the authors investigate this possible bidirectional relationship in a series of observational studies of women in the UK.

The transcription factors TCF1 and LEF1 promote self-renewal and regulatory functions in B-1a cells.

Poeck and colleagues identify a microbiome signature in patients receiving allogenic stem cell transplantation, which is associated with protective immune-modulatory metabolites, improved survival and less transplant-related mortality.

Introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines in South Africa has led to reductions in vaccine serotype-related invasive disease. Here, the authors perform a genomic surveillance study to evaluate the impact of vaccines on the population structure of S. pneumoniae.

Extended-spectrum cephalosporin resistance genes in Escherichia coli have spread worldwide. Here, the authors dissect the emergence and distribution of these genes over time, and across geographic location and host species, to better understand their dynamics and mechanisms of transmission.

Managing power exhaust in fusion reactors is a key challenge, especially in compact designs for cost-effective commercial energy. This study shows how alternative divertor configurations improve exhaust control, enhance stability, absorb transients and enable independent plasma regulation.

The enzyme ABHD18 is shown to have a key role in cardiolipin metabolism in mitochondria, offering a potential route for a small-molecule treatment of the rare genetic disease Barth syndrome.

Ke et al. investigated the association between trauma exposure and post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms and the gut microbiome and dietary pattern of a cohort of women enrolled in a longitudinal study in the United States.

An analysis of fish and macroinvertebrate communities in European rivers over 32 years shows that inland ship traffic is associated with declining taxonomic richness, diversity and trait richness and with increased taxonomic evenness.

Here, Seelbinder et al. show high Candida levels in cancer patients’ stool to correlate with greater metabolically flexibility but less robust bacterial communities and, combined with machine learning models to predict Candida levels from bacterial data, suggest that lactate producing bacteria may fuel Candida overgrowth in the gut during dysbiosis.

Analysis of human genotypes and 16S microbiome data of 18,473 individuals from 25 cohorts through a genome-wide association study, a phenome-wide association study and Mendelian randomization identifies host genetic and microbial trait associations.

Tumour evolution modelling indicates that different tumour spatial structures can determine different tumour evolutionary modes, which are regulated by cell dispersal and cell–cell interactions. Model predictions of four evolutionary modes are consistent with empirical observations of cancers with varying architectures.

Coupling of ecology and evolution in microbiomes can lead to time-dependent community interactions. Here, the authors introduce Dynamic Covariance Mapping (DCM), an approach to quantify the community matrix and, with high-resolution lineage tracking, show how inter- and intra-species interactions shape the dynamics of mouse gut colonization.