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Dynamos can generate magnetic fields, which are present across various scales in space plasmas. Here, the authors show evidence for a turbulent dynamo in the terrestrial magnetosheath, indicating that Earth’s magnetosheath may be used as a natural laboratory for testing dynamo theories and simulations.

Dysregulation of H3K4 methylation is associated with neurodevelopmental disorders. Here, the authors perturb H3K4 methylation in the MGE and hypothalamus, resulting in altered gene expression and cell fate as well as changes in behavior that mimic NDD symptoms.

Here, the authors conduct a metagenomic-based study of England’s rivers to show that biofilm bacteria are taxonomically and functionally diverse and are key to biogeochemical cycling, highlighting the importance of river biofilm bacteria in understanding and monitoring freshwater ecosystem health.

Here, the authors develop Q4ddPCR, a high-throughput assay to quantify genetically intact HIV reservoirs by targeting four regions, and demonstrate that it reduces assay dropout to 5%, tracks reservoir decay, and closely correlates with viral outgrowth.

Supersolid phases are quantum-entangled states of matter exhibiting the dual characteristics of superfluidity and solidity. Here, the authors map the phase diagram of K₂Co(SeO₃)₂. and identify signatures of two supersolid phases separated by a 1/3 magnetization plateau.

Mussels are masters of sticking on wet surfaces. Here, authors discover a histidine-rich coiled coil protein in mussel glue that challenges the prevailing understanding of how mussel stick tight, with the findings relevant to the design of improved glues.

DNA recognition and cleavage control in type II topoisomerases are poorly understood processes. Here, the authors determine cleaved and uncleaved structures of supercoiled DNA-bound topoisomerase VI that reveal how the enzyme activates its cleavage state and prefers to act at deformable substrates.

The roles of orbitofrontal and cingulate cortex in emotional decisions remain unclear. Here the authors show distinct timing between caudal orbitofrontal and cingulate signals, that orbitofrontal stimulation increases avoidance, and that physiological responses mirror behavior.

Taxanes, such as docetaxel or cabazitaxel, are one of the few chemotherapy options for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Here, the authors discover that FOXJ1 modulation of microtubule dynamics regulates resistance to docetaxel in mCRPC.

The APOE-ε4 allele is the strongest genetic risk factor for late-onset Alzheimer’s disease, but it is not deterministic. Here, the authors show that common genetic variation changes how APOE-ε4 influences cognition.

Cell division in many Gram-positive bacteria involves the synthesis of a peptidoglycan septum that is then hydrolyzed to facilitate cell separation. Here the authors show that, after septum formation, the cell wall at the division site is remodelled by transpeptidation as new poles form during daughter cell separation in Bacillus subtilis.

Aerial surveys over the Permian Basin found 500+ major methane leaks, many recurring. A few sites leaked continuously and offer quick mitigation wins. These super-emitters may produce ~50% of regional emissions, underscoring the need for frequent monitoring.

High spatial resolution is essential for resolving cellular and subcellular organization in tissues. Here, authors present Seq-Scope-X, which integrates tissue expansion with Seq-Scope to achieve an order-of-magnitude improvement in resolution of spatial transcriptomics and proteomics.

Human and swine H3N2 influenza A viruses were shown to use MHC class II as a sialic acid–independent, host-specific entry receptor, potentially expanding viral cell tropism. Furthermore, affinity for swine MHCII was higher in viruses adapted to pigs, suggesting a role in host range.

The role of the innate immune system in pancreatic cancer is largely unexplored. Here, the authors reveal a targetable cancer cell-intrinsic axis in pancreatic cancer comprising ASC inflammasome complexes that link innate immunity with mitochondrial function and metabolism.

The luminescent and magnetic properties of trivalent lanthanides are indispensable for many emerging technologies, but exacting fine control over these properties requires an understanding of the coordination geometry and site symmetry of Ln³⁺ centres. Here, the authors leverage an analysis of 12,670 eight-coordinate Ln³⁺ centres in the Cambridge Structural Database to prescribe useful strategies for controlling coordination geometry.

Meningiomas are common brain tumors with variable behavior. This study reveals high STING expression across multiple cell types in the meningioma microenvironment. STING agonism triggers tumor cell death via programmed necrosis and pyroptosis, enhancing survival in preclinical models.

Mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics is increasingly central to systems biology. Here, the authors present a high-throughput, multi-organ workflow that profiles 11,472 proteins in 507 mouse samples, enabling rapid, system-level evaluation of drug efficacy and toxicity.

Cholera remains a significant public health burden in sub-Saharan Africa, but the mechanisms of continental and regional spread remain undefined. Here, the authors investigate recent patterns of spread using Vibrio cholerae genomic surveillance data collected by a consortium of seven African Union member states from 2019-2024.

The performance of DNA-PAINT super-resolution imaging is limited by non-specific binding of the imaging strand. Here, Sirinakis and colleagues report a statistical test that removes these events, improving image quality and measurement accuracy.

This manuscript from Choquette and colleagues finds that sclerostin gene expression is up-regulated in bone by β3-adrenergic signaling via an adipose to bone relay and acts as an endocrine factor to inhibit adipose tissue beiging in mice.

T cell activation requires major metabolic adaptation. Here authors find that in mice and humans, expression of the NAD/H-synthesis enzyme nicotinamide riboside kinase 1 (NRK1) increases in CD4+ T cells upon activation, particularly within the cytoplasm, which impacts NADP/H and reactive oxygen species signalling, restraining activation and cytokine production while promoting CD4 + T cell survival during viral and fungal infections.

This study introduces the Lipid Nanoparticle Database (LNPDB) and web tool that consolidates lipid nanoparticle structure-function data. LNPDB facilitates molecular dynamics and deep learning approaches to advance data-driven design for nucleic acid delivery.

Many thermophiles that are abundant in geothermal systems have never been cultivated and are poorly understood. Here, Lai et al. describe the cultivation of one such organism, a deeply branching member of the archaeal phylum Thermoproteota, and provide evidence that it has evolved to specialize in branched-chain amino acid metabolism.

cellSTAAR advances noncoding rare variant association analysis by integrating single-cell genomics data.

Using ARPES, this work identifies dice-lattice flat bands in the electride material YCl. The authors show that anionic electrons act as lattice sites to create this rare electronic structure.

KRAS is an oncogene that switches between a GDP-bound inactive state and a GTP-bound active state. Recently developed KRAS G12C inhibitors are specific to the GDP-bound inactive state. Here, the authors develop a class of covalent KRAS G12C inhibitors capable of targeting both states for the treatment of KRAS-driven cancer.

Functional plant traits help explain ecosystem stability. The authors show that it is only at local scales that species richness stabilizes productivity, and functional diversity destabilizes It, with neither effect evident at larger spatial scales.

While therapies targeting type I BRAF mutations have been developed, there are limited options for those with type II and III mutations. Here, the authors identify a subset of BRAF-mutant non-small cell lung cancer patients and characterise the pan-RAF inhibitor exarafenib, demonstrating efficacy in preclinical models and investigating subsequent resistance mechanisms.

Understanding collective behaviour is an important aspect of managing the pandemic response. Here the authors show in a large global study that participants that reported identifying more strongly with their nation reported greater engagement in public health behaviours and support for public health policies in the context of the pandemic.

Mangrove ecosystems are facing severe climate threats. However, this study shows that strategically expanding protected areas to include the most climate-resilient sites can safeguard biodiversity and ecosystem services for the future, and this can be achieved with only a modest increase in protected area.

Forests are essential for both climate change mitigation and biodiversity conservation, yet how to balance these goals in managed forests remains unclear. Here, using a Europe-wide dataset, the authors find that biodiversity increases with carbon stocks, but mostly when deadwood is included.

Genome-wide association meta-analysis identifies 58 independent risk loci for major anxiety disorders among individuals of European ancestry and implicates GABAergic signaling as a potential mechanism underlying genetic risk for these disorders.

Rice paddies contribute to atmospheric methane (CH₄) levels. Here the authors show that increasing levels of the rice plant hormone PSY can reduce CH₄ emissions by over 50% via alteration of microbial H₂ cycling in the rhizosphere.

How the brain supports speaking and listening during conversation of its natural form remains poorly understood. Here, by combining intracranial EEG recordings with Natural Language Processing, the authors show broadly distributed frontotemporal neural signals that encode context-dependent linguistic information during both speaking and listening..

Analysis combining multiple global tree databases reveals that whether a location is invaded by non-native tree species depends on anthropogenic factors, but the severity of the invasion depends on the native species diversity.

Termite reproductives are long-lived and their genomes have abundant selfish genetic elements. Using long-read sequencing to profile transposable elements and DNA methylation, Qiu et al. uncover evolutionary arms races between TEs and host defences.

Neville, Ferguson et al. show that non-canonical Polycomb repressive complex 1.1-mediated gene silencing is antagonized by DOT1L and is required for the therapeutic efficacy of Menin and DOT1L inhibitors in mixed-lineage leukaemia.

This study demonstrates a sub-THz free-space link, achieving 120 Gbit/s across 5 m enabled by compact plasmonic components with >300 GHz bandwidth, paving the way for next-generation scalable wireless networks at high carrier frequencies.

High-resolution satellite data enables a unique verification of national methane emissions worldwide. Global estimates are 63 Tg a⁻¹ for oil-gas, 30% higher than the UNFCCC reports due to under-reporting by four largest emitters, and 33 Tg a⁻¹ for coal, consistent with previous estimates.

In one-shot perceptual learning, what we see can be dramatically altered by a single past experience. Using psychophysics, fMRI, iEEG, and DNNs, the authors identify neural and computational mechanisms underlying this remarkable ability in humans.

Here the authors compare genetic testing strategies in rare movement disorders, improve diagnostic yield with genome analysis, and establish CD99L2 as an X-linked spastic ataxia gene, showing that CD99L2–CAPN1 signaling disruption likely drives neurodegeneration.

Luppi et al. identify transcriptomic and connectomic controllers of information integration and its breakdown induced by anaesthesia in humans, macaques, marmosets and mice.

Integrating complex multi-omics data for individual patient decision making can be challenging. Here, the authors develop Knowledge Connector as a decision support system to generate and document Molecular Tumor Board recommendations and support medical decision-making.

KRAS mutations are keenly associated with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and represent a potential therapeutic target. Here the authors present the findings from a phase I clinical trial testing pooled KRAS mutant peptides in combination with immune checkpoint blockade in patients with resected pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

González-Gualda, Reinius et al. demonstrate that platinum-based chemotherapy-induced senescence promotes malignancy in ovarian and lung cancer via TGFβ ligands, with evidence in mouse models validated in clinical samples. Concomitantly blocking TGFβ signaling with chemotherapy reduces tumor burden and increases survival in mice.

National parochialism is the tendency to cooperate more with people of the same nation. In a 42-nations study, the authors show that national parochialism is a pervasive phenomenon, present to a similar degree across all the studied nations, and occurs both when decisions are private or public.

Pangenomic and epidemiological analyses reveal a genetic shift in U.S. Salmonella Hadar populations during 2019–20, driven by expansion of a lineage carrying a prophage-like element that likely arose in commercial poultry and spread to backyard flocks.

Researchers used explainable AI to analyze pancreas tissue from living donors, revealing that changes in fat cell clusters, nerve structures, and islet proximity to fat cells distinguish people with type 2 diabetes from those without the condition.

The development of advanced photonic materials exhibiting two-photon absorption (2PA) relies on nonlinear absorption chromophores with enhanced 2PA cross-sections and long-term photo- and thermal stability. Here, the authors report a dipolar carbene-metal-amide (CMA) with a 2PA cross-section up to 105 GM that exhibits third-order nonlinear optical properties — red two-photon–excited thermally activated delayed fluorescence with radiative rates of up to 2.1·10⁶s^–1 — while maintaining excellent photostability.