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Bioelectronic sensors can use bacteria to detect toxins as electrical signals but are limited to single analytes. Here, the authors combine synthetic biology and electrochemistry to create a multi-channel bioelectronic sensor that detects multiple toxins and encodes digital output.

Industrial routes to acetic acid use carbon monoxide for the carbonylation of methanol. Here, the authors report a hydrocarboxylation method that instead uses carbon dioxide and hydrogen for the conversion of methanol into acetic acid.

In this work, Zhang, Jia, Wang et al. show that MORCs stabilize PRC2 preferentially at bivalent domains to maintain high levels of H3 K27 trimethylation and form chromatin loops for gene repression and stress tolerance, and are counteracted by ALKBH1, a DNA 6mA demethylase.

The mammalian HRD1 ubiquitin ligase mediates ERAD of misfolded proteins in the ER. Here, the authors determined cryo-EM structures of human HRD1-SEL1L-XTP3B complexes with and without Derlins, offering insights into glycan recognition and revealing dramatic Derlin-induced conformational changes.

The growth of Li dendrites and the accumulation of dead Li significantly undermine the safety and performance of Li metal batteries. Here, authors introduce the concept of “catalytic” effect for dead Li reconversion, leading to a Li plating/stripping efficiency of 99.89%.

Brainstem gliomas are an aggressive form of paediatric cancer. Here, the authors use metabolomics to assess differences in metabolites during radiotherapy.

Deuterated molecules are important both as labelled probes and as targets in their own right. Here the authors report a very simple and general deuteration of aldehydes, by the use of an N-heterocyclic carbene catalyst in the presence of D₂O.

CO₂ conversion into value-added chemicals is a promising strategy to exploit renewable feedstocks. Here, the authors report the iridium-catalysed synthesis of higher carboxylic acids from ethers, CO₂ and H₂.

LYCHOS, a lysosomal membrane protein, coordinates cholesterol concentration with mTORC1 activation. Here, the authors report its cryo-EM structures, identify a cholesterol binding site, and demonstrate its ability to bind the gut-derived uremic toxin, indole sulfate.

The use of biomarkers of ageing is crucial for investigating age-related processes. This Review discusses biomarkers of ageing and of ageing-associated physiological changes, at the cellular, tissue and organism levels in humans and non-human primates.

In this partially randomized clinical trial, the authors find that an orally inhaled Ad5-nCoV booster is associated with a lower incidence of symptomatic COVID-19 during the following 6 months compared with controls who haven’t received a booster. Intramuscular administered Ad5-CoV booster is associated with reduced COVID-19 incidence as well.

Traditional mineralization of organic pollutants requires an excessive input of chemicals and causes undesirable carbon emissions. Here, authors report a nanoconfinement strategy to alter the carbon transfer pathway of phenol removal from ring opening route to oligomerization route.

Here, the authors report immunogenicity and safety of AR-MPXV5, a penta-component mRNA vaccine, in naive and simian immunodeficiency virus infected nonhuman primates (NHPs), and demonstrate protection in naïve male NHPs after immunization with two doses of AR-MPXV5.

Alveolar bone resorption (ABR) is a key pathological manifestation in the development of apical periodontitis (AP) that contributes to the AP-associated tooth loss, and whose underlying mechanism is largely unknown. Here, the authors show a molecular mechanism on osteoclastogenesis-related ABR and provides a therapeutic target of AP via modulating the FTO/HK1/USP14/RANK axis.

Transcription termination or pausing during DNA replication in bacteria and humans results in DNA damage with exposed 3′ single-stranded DNA ends and mutations.

An ABEmax-based screen identifies regulatory noncoding nucleotides in four loci that control erythroid fetal hemoglobin (HbF) expression. Targeting a repressor element raises HbF levels in cells from patients with sickle cell disease.

This work shows a diagnosis technique that works for multiple cancers and features cost advantage, environmental compliance and user-friendly protocol.

Worldwide, the number of only-child families is increasing. This research examines how growing up without siblings affects adult brain structure, function and connectivity, cognition, personality and mental health.

Members of the PRDI-BF1 and RIZ homology domain (PRDM) family have been involved in the regulation of several pathological conditions, including cancer. Here the authors show that PRDM1/BLIMP1 promotes immune evasion by regulating PD-L1 expression in hepatocellular carcinoma cells.

Transcription factors are crucial in disease but hard to target with traditional drugs. Here, authors present BlockerSELEX, a strategy to develop inhibitory aptamers that block transcription factor interactions, which disrupts interactions between key proteins, showing potential for new nucleic acid therapies.

Socioeconomic status is multidimensional and can change over time. Xu, Lui, Ji et al. found dimension-specific, late-stage-specific and change-specific socioeconomic effects on brain, cognition, personality and emotion.

Authors report that micron-sized Na₂S particles can be self-refinement into nanoparticles during the initial cycle under rapid solid-liquid-solid conversion, which facilitates the development of Na-free anode systems in room-temperature sodium-sulfur batteries.

Cycloaddition reactions play a pivotal role in synthetic chemistry for the direct assembly of cyclic architectures. However, hurdles remain for extending the C4 synthon to construct diverse heterocycles via programmable [4+n]-cycloaddition. Herein, the authors report an intermolecular cycloaddition using furan-fused cyclobutanones as a C4 synthon.

Nonenzymatic reactions play an important part in the formation of some natural products possessing complex skeletons. Here, the authors report the discovery of eight chimeric medermycin-type natural products and their nonenzymatic construction.

Nano-masking of the surface of tumour-derived extracellular vesicles blocks their immune-evasive action. This improves their phagocytosis by dendritic cells, leading to maturation of T-cell action and culminating in undampened anti-tumour immunity.

Multi-functional integration! The memristor integrates four functions of multi-level storage, logic gates, UV sensing, and neuromorphic computing in one device.

Ctyoplasmic male sterility gene WA352 and its fertility restorer Rf4 are widely used for commercial three-line hybrid rice production. Here, the authors investigate the origin, evolution, and variation of Rf4, and show that copy number variation of Rf4 contributes of fertility restoration in a dosage-dependent manner.

A new RNA reference set improves detection of differential expression in clinical settings.

A spoof surface plasmon polariton platform can be used to create a surface plasmonic neural network with programmable weights and activation functions.

Strategies to construct circularly polarized luminescence (CPL)-active materials with color modulation and handedness of CPL are desirable for the synthesis of chiral photo-responsive devices. Here the authors develop a CPL system based on styrylpyrenes. Benefiting from CH-π interactions between chromophores, the styrylpyrene aggregates show color-dependent CPL property and photo-responsive behavior.

Neutralizing antibodies are currently one versatile strategy to treat SARS-CoV-2 infection. Here, Li et al. characterize three monoclonal antibodies neutralizing authentic virus infection in vitro and in vivo by targeting the receptor binding domain as evidenced by Cryo-EM.

The mechanisms behind acquired resistance to the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib in multiple myeloma remain to be elucidated. Here, the authors show that the histone methyltransferase NSD2 stabilized SRC-3 protein levels, promotes its phase separation and alters H3K36me2 at certain gene promoters resulting in a transcriptional profile that favors resistance of myeloma cells to bortezomib.

Cryo-electron microscopy structures of mouse trace amine-associated receptor 9 reveals structural motifs involved in odorant ligand recognition, including a unique disulfide bond linking the N terminus to extracellular loop 2.

Wu et al. show that, upon activation by insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor and AKT, creatine kinase B exhibits a moonlighting function as protein kinase to phosphorylate glutathione peroxidase 4 to prevent its degradation, thereby suppressing ferroptosis and enhancing tumour growth in mice.

Different models are believed to be the reason for the superior mechanical properties of spider silk. Here, the authors prepare artificial spider silk by water-evaporation-induced self-assembly of a hydrogel fibre made from polyacrylic acid and silica nanoparticles.

Cross-ancestry genome-wide association studies of 3,414 brain imaging phenotypes in Chinese Han and white British participants identify autosomal and X-chromosomal associations in more diverse populations.

DNA 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) is mapped in mouse preimplantation embryos, postimplantation epiblasts, primordial germ cells (PGCs) and gametes. Nlrp14 maternal depletion perturbs DNA-replication-coupled passive demethylation and impairs 5hmC deposition.

Determining the link between gene polymorphisms and phenotypic traits is the subject of intense research in agricultural plant science. In this study, Fu et al. conduct RNA sequencing in maize kernels to determine gene polymorphisms, which may aid future research aiming to improve the nutritional value of maize.

Chiroptic materials made of self-assembled nanomaterials are essential for advanced optical applications. Here, the authors show that macroscopic grinding can break the symmetry in achiral superlattices of inorganic nanorods, generating chiral superstructures.

Certain materials without inversion symmetry may allow for a nonlinear anomalous Hall effect with conserved time reversal symmetry. Here, the authors report an extremely large c-axis nonlinear anomalous Hall effect in the non-centrosymmetric T_d phase of MoTe₂ and WTe₂ without intrinsic magnetic order that is dominated by extrinsic scattering.