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Hepatitis C virus remains a health burden due to the lack of an effective vaccine, hindered by difficulties in replicating the native E1E2 antigen structure. Here, the authors engineer a stabilized E1E2 heterodimer using cryo-EM-guided modifications, enhancing immunogenicity and paving the way for future HCV vaccine development.

Here the authors report that intestinal interleukin-22 promotes GLP-1 production through STAT3 signaling in male mice. This mechanism improves glucose regulation in diet-induced obesity and provides insight into the role of IL-22–GLP-1 signaling in metabolic regulation.

Osteoarthritis is a marked by cartilage loss and limited by the absence of effective disease modifying treatments. Here, the authors show that orphan nuclear receptor small heterodimer partner (SHP) protects cartilage by suppressing IKKβ dependent NF κB signaling, highlighting it as a potential therapeutic target.

This study applies topology optimization to thermoelectric materials to design power generator with maximum efficiency under diverse system conditions, then 3D prints the optimized legs and experimentally validates the performance improvements.

Here, the authors map malignant and non-malignant cellular states in human glioma using integrated single-cell and spatial transcriptomics, revealing spatially organized tumor-microenvironment interactions and distinct oligodendrocyte-associated programs linked to disease progression.

Understanding how each tumor establishes its unique spatial landscape and what factors drive the landscape for tumor fitness remains significantly challenging. Here, the authors employ spatial single-cell imaging and single-cell RNA sequencing to analyze 50 liver cancer biospecimens and find that different tumor cell states may be organized into distinct clusters, or ‘villages’.

This study develops photoacoustic computed tomography, which enables real-time, whole-body 3D imaging of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pathways in mice and captures anesthesia-dependent CSF flow changes and impaired CSF clearance in an Alzheimer’s disease model.

Protein citrullination is linked to autoimmunity and inflammation but is challenging to detect globally. Here, the authors report a high-throughput chemical proteomics workflow and demonstrate its utility by quantifying the dynamic citrullinome in human neutrophils.

Here the authors identify the fungal effector Hap1 as a key driver of maize leaf tumor growth. Hap1 rewires plant metabolism and the cell cycle via SnRK1 signaling, promoting starch accumulation and cell enlargement.

In this study, the authors reveal that short-term memory is more vulnerable in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease, with experimental and theoretical analyses revealing weakened, less redundant inter-cortical communication that destabilizes short-term memory.

Spatial CRISPR screens probe the functional impact of mutations within intact tissues. Here, authors present Spatial Perturb-Seq, a technology that localizes CRISPR perturbations and cell identities in situ, uncovers communication between cells, and shows how genes act beyond their cellular borders.

Supersolid phases are quantum-entangled states of matter exhibiting the dual characteristics of superfluidity and solidity. Here, the authors map the phase diagram of K₂Co(SeO₃)₂. and identify signatures of two supersolid phases separated by a 1/3 magnetization plateau.

Actin-binding proteins form condensates that dynamically organize actin filaments. Here, the authors show that mechanochemical feedback between droplet mechanics and crosslinker multivalency tunes actin network structure and drives droplet deformation.

This study shows that the Snowflake mutant in clownfish results from altered communication between pigment cells, producing enlarged white bars with jagged edges. It points to cell–cell communication as a driver of color pattern diversity in fishes.

This study shows that strain-stabilized interfacial polarization in metallic RuO₂/TiO₂ heterostructures modulates the work function by over 1 eV and the metallicity, establishing a new route to control the electronic properties of functional metals.

The pathological mechanisms underlying multiple system atrophy (MSA) remain unclear. Here, the authors show in mouse and human MSA models that α-synuclein spreads from neurons to oligodendrocytes via TLR2 leading to myelination defects, and that blocking TLR2 prevents glial cytoplasmic inclusions and myelin damage.

Nanoscale thickness strongly enhances the converse flexoelectric effect, as the electric field gradient scales quadratically with decreasing thickness. This study demonstrates a two-dimensional material-based converse flexoelectric actuator.

High spatial resolution is essential for resolving cellular and subcellular organization in tissues. Here, authors present Seq-Scope-X, which integrates tissue expansion with Seq-Scope to achieve an order-of-magnitude improvement in resolution of spatial transcriptomics and proteomics.

High-frequency exchange resonance in antiferromagnetically coupled ferrimagnets lasts longer than ferromagnetic resonance near the compensation point due to unequal damping in the two sublattices, promising sub-THz coherent spintronic applications.

Currently reported early-diagnostic method for Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC) tends to be invasive and usually time-consuming. Here, this group reports an early diagnostic method of PDAC using a signal-enhanced lateral flow immunoassay which can generate a strong colorimetric signal through multiple hotspots formed by plasmonic gold nanoparticles assembled on silica nanoparticles.

It was previously shown that Zinc deficiently worsens alcoholic liver disease. This study identified muscle-derived MG53 is transported to liver and mitigates liver damage through alcohol dehydrogenase and aldehyde dehydrogenase

The authors investigate RAF– membrane interactions using a quantitative bottom-up reconstitution approach. The study reveals that positive cooperativity between lipid and protein domains modulates membrane binding kinetics via lateral rebinding to RAS, providing mechanistic insight into RAF activation.

ATF6α activation in human and preclinical models of hepatocellular carcinoma is significantly associated with an aggressive tumour phenotype characterized by reduced survival, glycolytic reprogramming and local immunosuppression.

This work predicts the current-induced control of magnetism by orbital exchange interaction and provides formal framework treating the orbital exchange interaction, not only limited to conventional ferromagnetic systems.

Intestinal glucose excretion is a gut-based mechanism contributing to improved glycemic control after weight-loss surgery. Here, the authors describe a signaling pathway that drives intestinal glucose uptake and luminal excretion, identifying a potential therapeutic target for diabetes and weight loss.

Researchers report a solid that is amorphous in two dimensions but crystalline in the third, made of stacked disordered atomic layers. This shows that crystalline and amorphous order can coexist within a single material depending on direction.

Talin has been believed to be indispensable for integrin activation. Here, the authors show that the curvature-sensing protein FCHo2, not talin, enables inside-out activation of integrin ɑvβ5 in curved adhesions formed at curved membranes.

The APOE-ε4 allele is the strongest genetic risk factor for late-onset Alzheimer’s disease, but it is not deterministic. Here, the authors show that common genetic variation changes how APOE-ε4 influences cognition.

Whether weak brain rhythms carry information about ongoing behavior remains unclear. Here, the authors develop a neural network that finds subtle motifs in irregular brain rhythms arising from neural populations to read out where a rat is in its environment.

How the brain maintains object representations during grasping, when complex sensory input rapidly changes, remains poorly understood. Here the authors show that object-identity signals shift and strengthen across sensorimotor cortex as reaching transitions to grasping.

HCMV’s pathogenic mechanism in liver disease is unclear. Using cholangiocyte organoids, this study shows infection induces TGF-β-mediated EMT, causing functional impairment and potentially link the virus to the development of bile duct pathology.

Multiple myeloma involves alterations to T cell function, but mechanisms underlying disease evolution remain unclear. Here the authors find that, unlike solid cancers, multiple myeloma lacks exhausted T cells and is instead characterized by antigen-driven terminal memory T cell differentiation, which may be driven by tumour-intrinsic features including tumour burden and antigen-presentation gene expression.

Effective carbon capture requires rapid gas transport to active sites, challenging to achieve without permanent porosity. Here, the authors report the development of hydrophobic organic crystals that undergo phase transition on exposure to carbon dioxide, allowing efficient carbon capture.

Nonlinear optical micropolarimetry and atomistic Monte Carlo simulations of monolayer NiPS₃ evidence a Berezinskii–Kosterlitz–Thouless phase that, with decreasing temperature, gives way to long-range order consistent with a six-state clock model.

Symmetry-protected topological phases are conventionally considered to be protected by global symmetries. Here, the authors demonstrate that topological protections can persist even when symmetries are preserved only within a partial region of the system, which they term local support symmetries.

Many viral vaccine antigen candidates are transmembrane glycoproteins, and their development requires methods which allow their biophysical characterization. Here authors present an optimized nanodisc assembly platform which provides reproducible, scalable, and accurate replication of the vaccine candidates for detailed analysis.

This study develops and validates a prognostic staging framework for Alzheimer’s disease by integrating cognitive status with blood-based biomarkers, and neuroimaging data, to improve risk stratification across the disease continuum.

Sustainable hydrogen production requires efficient oxygen evolution catalysts. Here, the authors identify non-noble single-atom catalysts via machine learning-assisted computational screening and reveal their active-site mechanisms for high-performance anion exchange membrane water electrolysis.

Protein C-terminal diversity is widespread, yet its proteome-wide impact remains unclear. Here, the authors show that C-terminal variations influence the stability of canonical and disease associated mutant proteins and define the sequence features and degradative mechanisms underlying this regulation.

The SONAR trial showed that the endothelin receptor antagonist atrasentan improves kidney outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease, though individual responses varied. Here the authors report exploratory analyses of the SONAR trial that identify urinary clusterin as a potential predictor of kidney disease progression and response atrasentan in type 2 diabetes.

A 3D human gut–brain–vascular microphysiological system reveals bidirectional blood-borne signaling, in which gut-derived bacterial toxins induce neuroinflammation and tau pathology, while Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease–associated brain signals compromise vascular and intestinal barrier integrity.

Many vascular‑disease risk loci lack defined causal genes. Here, the authors integrate functional genomics and CRISPR screens to identify genes influencing smooth muscle cell behaviour, validating roles for FES, BCAR1, CARF and SMARCA4, with Fes loss promoting atherosclerosis and hypertension.

Yin et al. report linear conjugated polymer donors with chlorinated backbone for modulating polymer aggregation and surface tension, and optimised compatibility with norfullerene acceptors. By using binary blends, a 20.42% efficiency is achieved for organic solar cells.

While therapies targeting type I BRAF mutations have been developed, there are limited options for those with type II and III mutations. Here, the authors identify a subset of BRAF-mutant non-small cell lung cancer patients and characterise the pan-RAF inhibitor exarafenib, demonstrating efficacy in preclinical models and investigating subsequent resistance mechanisms.

Preclinical neurogastroenterology research needs tools to characterize signals underlying gut functions. Here, the authors describe a mini-endoscope for high-resolution intraluminal electrophysiological recordings from colons of live mice in wild type and disease model animals.

A cold-injection method based on pseudo-emulsion enables scalable synthesis of stable, pure-green perovskite nanocrystals with near-unity photoluminescence quantum yield, achieved through defect-suppressing slow polybromide plumbate assembly at cold temperatures.

Therapies combining chemotherapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors have shown limited efficacy in patients with advanced pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Here the authors report the results of a pilot phase 1 trial of neoadjuvant modified Folfirinox plus nivolumab in borderline-resectable PDAC, including safety, efficacy and immunological correlates.

Breeding crops with delayed senescence could plausibly increase grain yield. Here the authors show that variation at the rice SGR locus contributes to differences in senescence between indica and japonica subspecies and show that introgression can increase yield in an elite indica rice variety.

Alkali metals are widely used as promoters in heterogeneous metal catalysts, yet their precise role remains unclear. Here, the authors elucidate the promotional effects of alkali metals in hydrogenation reactions from a unified perspective and reveal a novel phenomenon termed “strong metal–base interaction”.

Sulfur electrodes are typically fabricated by solvent slurry casting with polymer binders, adding complexity. Here, authors show that the intrinsic binding properties of sulfur enable polymer- and solvent-free electrode fabrication, delivering durable cycling while potentially reducing manufacturing cost.