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Here the authors leverage a crossfeeding, engineered microbial community to demonstrate that strain abundance cycles are robust across environmental conditions. They pair this with a nonlinear dynamic model to elucidate population cycles.

We propose a mu-near-zero index platform, a kind of near-zero refractive index materials, that enable long-range entanglement between on-chip quantum emitters. Transient and steady state concurrence demonstrating an order of magnitude enhancement compared to previous works.

An inherently explainable AI trained on 1,015 expert-annotated prostate tissue images achieved strong Gleason pattern segmentation while providing interpretable outputs and addressing interobserver variability in pathology.

Cortical networks switch from asynchronous firing to sudden synchronized population events. Here, the authors show that differential excitatory short-term synaptic plasticity onto either excitatory or inhibitory targets establishes and shapes the dynamics of these population events.

GIANT, a genetically informed brain atlas, integrates genetic heritability with neuroanatomy. It shows strong neuroanatomical validity and surpasses traditional atlases in discovery power for brain imaging genomics.

The authors introduce a novel method (AC-QUDIT) for achieving high-fidelity transport of quantum wavepackets in the presence of dissipation and leakage to the continuum. This method provides an alternative to shortcuts to adiabaticity (or counter-diabatic driving), with more general applicability and better performance.

The activity and stability of supported metal catalysts is in large part influenced by their interaction with the support. Now, neural network molecular dynamics simulations are combined with interpretable machine learning to reveal the governing factors of metal–support interactions for Pt nanoparticles on various oxide supports, identifying key features and proposing sinter-resistant supports.

Using Floquet engineering, an ensemble of ytterbium-171 ions in an yttrium orthovanadate host crystal provides a platform for studying the dynamics of different quantum many-body models, including the realization of a time-crystalline phase.

Quantum information cannot be copied, posing challenges for long-distance communication due to signal losses. Here the quantum relay architecture using a single-photon source enhances the signal-to-noise ratio of quantum information transmission.

The authors present sample-based quantum diagonalization (SQD) simulations of non-covalent interactions that match the accuracy of state-of-the-art classical methods. These results mark a key step towards quantum advantage, though further advances are needed to fully realize this potential.

Study of human disease remains challenging due to convoluted disease etiologies and complex molecular mechanisms at genetic, genomic, and proteomic levels. Here, the authors propose a computationally efficient Permutation-based Feature Importance Test to assist interpretation and selection of individual features in complex machine learning models for complex disease analysis.

Immunotherapy is transforming cancer treatment, with immune cell distribution in the tumour microenvironment key to predicting outcomes. Here, authors provide a robust framework to analyse spatial patterns, distinguishing true immune associations from random accumulations, offering insights into immunotherapy responses.

The conventional focus on pore size distribution overlooks the role of surface charge homogeneity in ion separation by polymeric membranes. This study proposes a surface charge engineering strategy for fabricating highly ion-selective membranes.

Using mouse pancreatic cancer models, Tsanov et al. show that reactivation of SMAD4 at metastatic sites promotes tumor growth in the lung through RUNX1 but restrains metastatic growth through KLF4 in the liver, influenced by organ-specific epigenetic states.

Despite observed routinely from spacecrafts landing on, e.g., lunar soil, the origin of radial streak patterns has been unclear up to now. Here, the authors report an experimental study of such instabilities in the coupled dynamics of rocket plumes and sand surfaces.

The CMS Collaboration reports evidence for off-shell Higgs boson contributions in the production of Z boson pairs, and measures the width of the Higgs boson, which is inversely related to its lifetime.

The ATLAS Collaboration reports a measurement of the ratio of the decay rates of W bosons to τ leptons and muons, in agreement with universal lepton couplings as postulated in the standard model of particle physics.

Federated learning (FL) algorithms have emerged as a promising solution to train models for healthcare imaging across institutions while preserving privacy. Here, the authors describe the Federated Tumor Segmentation (FeTS) challenge for the decentralised benchmarking of FL algorithms and evaluation of Healthcare AI algorithm generalizability in real-world cancer imaging datasets.

TopoVelo infers cell differentiation stages and rate parameters of gene expression using spatially coupled differential equations.

Duan et al. introduce an optimal transport approach to generate transition states, surpassing diffusion models in precision and speed. This method can facilitate the study of chemical reactions with unknown mechanisms.

The authors present SVclone, a computational method for inferring the cancer cell fraction of structural variants from whole-genome sequencing data.

The optical quality of large-area transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) monolayers is usually limited by surface defects and inhomogeneities. Here, the authors report a method based on 1-dodecanol encapsulation to improve the optical properties of TMD monolayers over mm-scale, enabling the fabrication of an array of polariton photonic crystal cavities.

Protein structures are predicted by integrating deep learning potentials with iterative threading fragment assembly simulations.

The authors propose passive linear edge states based on spin-momentum locking of Rayleigh waves in 2D media in the limit of zero bulk to shear modulus ratio, that give backscattering-free propagation immune to edge roughness with no frequency limitation.

Pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN) can develop into pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), however, the factors which determine how this occurs are unknown. Here, the authors illustrate the role of PPARδ in the upregulation of CCL2, resulting in an immunosuppressive microenvironment, and driving the progression of PanIN to PDAC.

The dynamic spatial chromosomal configurations in 3D space demonstrate cell-to-cell variation. Here, authors develop Tensor-FLAMINGO to reconstruct high-resolution single-cell specific 3D genome structures, leading to insights into chromatin folding, gene regulation and disease SNPs.

The authors demonstrate enhancement by nearly two-orders of magnitude of the optical Stark effect in WSe₂ embedded into a Fabry Perot cavity, and use this mechanism to obtain an effective magnetic field of over 200 T and implement a XOR switch.

Using a trapped-ion quantum simulator of up to 50 spins, researchers explore new universal scaling laws in non-equilibrium dynamics, revealing unique critical behaviors following a sequence of quenches in a long-range 1D Ising model.

In genome-wide association meta-analysis, it is often difficult to find an independent dataset of sufficient size to replicate associations. Here, the authors have developed MAMBA to calculate the probability of replicability based on consistency between datasets within the meta-analysis.

A violation of Lorentz symmetry would represent a fundamental departure from the physics of the standard model. Searching for anomalous neutrino oscillations, the IceCube collaboration reports no violation, and puts stringent bounds on its existence.

Researchers demonstrate a receiver based on an all-Si eight-channel avalanche photodiode, which operates at a data rate of 160 Gb s⁻¹ per channel and has an aggregate rate of 1.28 Tb s⁻¹.

MetaSTAAR enables functionally informed rare variant association analysis in biobank-scale cohorts using an efficient, sparse matrix approach for summary statistic storage.

STAARpipeline is a comprehensive framework for flexible and scalable rare-variant association analysis using whole-genome sequencing data and annotation information.

In this study, the authors describe SANA, a nitroalkene derivative of salicylate, as a potential activator of creatine-dependent energy expenditure and thermogenesis in adipose tissue. Preclinical and clinical data from this paper also suggest that SANA improves glucose homeostasis and promotes weight loss in mice and humans.

People tend to be more cautious and slow down their responses after making a mistake. Paradoxically, this doesn’t always lead to performance improvement. Here, the authors show that, even when given ample time, people are still more error-prone after they have already committed an error.

The Debye interaction is defined as the attraction between a polar molecule and a nonpolar molecule, which governs many self-assembling processes in materials. Here, Lee et al. design a like-charged colloidal model at the water-oil interface to characterize the Debye interaction for the first time.

Integrating bioenergetic models and global coral reef fish community surveys, the authors show that there are functional trade-offs, meaning that no community can maximize all functions, and that dominant species underpin local functions, but their identity varies geographically.

JWST reveals the chemistry of the disk of a young star in the Orion nebula, showing that it has water and CO in its inner regions that are shielded from UV radiation, whereas UV-processed molecules such as CH₃⁺ and PAHs are detected in surface layers.

Templating method holds great promise for fabricating surface nanopatterns. Here authors present a guiding growth mode using metal-organic framework microparticles as templates during metal electrodeposition, where metals exclusively grow underneath the microparticles.

Within-sibship genome-wide association analyses using data from 178,076 siblings illustrate differences between population-based and within-sibship GWAS estimates for phenotypes influenced by demographic and indirect genetic effects.

Networks describe the intricate patterns of interaction occurring within ecological systems, but they are unfortunately difficult to construct from data. Here, the authors show how Bayesian statistical techniques can separate structure from noise in networks gathered in observational studies of plant-pollinator systems.

This paper investigates the origin of two distinct instabilities in active gels of biopolymers and molecular motors. Combining experiments and theory, it shows how to rationally design and control active materials with targeted elasticity and activity.

A moiré potential may play a role in determining the magnetic properties of a two-dimensional homo or heterostructure. Now, non-collinear spin structures are observed in twisted double bilayer CrI₃, providing a platform to engineer unusual magnetic textures.

A collation of data on North American monarch butterfly summer breeding and overwintering populations from 1994 to 2018, combined with seasonal covariate data, suggests an increasing role of climate change as a driver of butterfly dynamics.

Electromagnetic surface waves, derived from Maxwell theory, underpin many optical effects and applications. Here, Bliokh et al. show that surface waves at interfaces between isotropic media have a topological origin described by the non-Hermitian helicity operator and bulk-boundary correspondence.

This works explores the interplay between nonlinearity and non-Hermitian skin effect in reshaping topological modes at the interface between Hermitian and non-Hermitian lattices. It is shown that this interplay yields fully delocalized and reconfigurable topological modes without fine parameter tuning, while facilitating stable long-range patterns through external pumping.

The Large Hadron Collider beauty collaboration reports a test of lepton flavour universality in decays of bottom mesons into strange mesons and a charged lepton pair, finding evidence of a violation of this principle postulated in the standard model.