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The neural basis of social familiarity remains unclear. This study finds hippocampal-cortical circuits that support generalized social memory, demonstrating where and how the brain stores information about familiar individuals.

A hydrogel matrix fabricated by cryo-photocrosslinking enables the direct, scalable isolation of extracellular vesicles from diverse biofluids without preprocessing, allowing for in-gel preservation for long-term storage and biomedical applications.

Hereditary deafness lacks effective biological treatments. Here, the authors develop a base editing therapy that corrects a common MPZL2 deafness gene mutation in a humanized mouse model and restores hearing, highlighting base editing as a potential treatment for hereditary deafness.

Light trapped in the active polymeric layer limits the total efficiency of polymer light-emitting diodes. Here, Lee et al.get round this bottleneck by enhancing light extraction in waveguide optical modes via ripple-shaped nanostructures that spontaneously form on ZnO electrode surfaces.

Kim and colleagues perform a phase 2 clinical trial (ELM-2) of odronextamab monotherapy in patients with relapsed/refractory diffuse large B cell lymphoma and report on the primary analyses of the efficacy and safety profile.

Subtyping of non-small cell lung cancer can be challenging based on pathology. Here, the authors utilise multi-omics analysis of 229 patients to identify further subtypes, and altered immune composition between subtypes.

Youn et al. unveil two regulatory events that link translation and metabolism in beige adipocyte: attenuated translation of OXPHOS genes modulating mitochondrial activities and elevated ribosome pauses responding to intracellular glutamate decrease.

TNF inhibitor (TNFi) has been used to manage active inflammation in ankylosing spondylitis (AS), but not all patients respond. Here, through longitudinal and multi-omics profiling, the authors show that elevated type-I IFN signature and allograft inflammatory factor-1 expression at baseline inversely correlate with TNFi responsiveness in AS patients.

The impact of obesity on cancer remains insufficiently explored. Here the authors show that in mouse models, dysfunctional adipocytes exhibit low levels of BECN1 which induce YAP/TAZ activity to promote breast and colorectal tumor progression.

Single-crystalline materials can be grown on amorphous surfaces at below 400 °C, enabling monolithic three-dimensional integration of vertically stacked transistors.

Ductular reaction is associated with liver disease progression, but there are currently no pharmacologic drugs targeting ductular reaction. Here, authors identify a mechanism by which vitamin D attenuates ductular reaction, liver inflammation and fibrosis in mice via TXNIP upregulation.

Monolithic 3D integration of electronics based on fully 2D materials is demonstrated in the performance of artificial intelligence tasks.

3D photonic nanostructures can manipulate the amplitude, phase, and polarization of light, but their bottom-up fabrication is hindered by limited structural control. Here, the authors present chiral 3D structures through multi-dimensional transfer printing of multilayer quantum dot patterns.

Large scale culture of adherent cells would benefit from a platform for continuous monitoring and control of cell growth and culture conditions. Here the authors develop an integrated, smart cell culture platform where cells are grown on multiple layers of thin sensors that can be wirelessly integrated across several incubators.

An analysis of 2,954 genomes from 38 cancer subtypes identified 19,166 retrotransposition events in 35% of samples. Aberrant LINE-1 retrotranspositions can lead to the deletion of tumor-suppressor genes as well as the amplification of oncogenes.

A curvature-sensing antiviral peptide is repurposed to disrupt tumour-derived exosomes and used in combination with immune checkpoint blockade cancer therapy.

Although conventional optical physical unclonable functions (PUFs) are attractive for security applications, existing optical PUFs have inherent complexity. Here, the authors report a low-cost, lens-free and compact optical PUF that uses silk microfiber-based stochastic diffraction.

Lee et al. found that the ubiquitin-editing enzyme A20 promotes TGF-β1-induced EMT and metastases of breast cancer cells via ubiquitylation-mediated nuclear stabilization of Snail1.

Despite advances in ctDNA cancer detection, early detection remains difficult. Here, the authors utilise whole genome sequencing of 2,125 patient samples to create a model for early cancer and tissue of origin detection.

Analysis of mitochondrial genomes (mtDNA) by using whole-genome sequencing data from 2,658 cancer samples across 38 cancer types identifies hypermutated mtDNA cases, frequent somatic nuclear transfer of mtDNA and high variability of mtDNA copy number in many cancers.

Eating behviours consist of seeking and consummatory phases. Here, authors show that two distinct lateral hypothalamic leptin receptor neurons orchestrate seeking and consummatory phases of eating behaviour via hunger signal, Neuropeptide Y.

Ni-BAND, a hydrogen-bonded coordination polymer, demonstrates high mixed protonic-electronic conductivity at room temperature, with coupled transport and humidity-dependent synaptic plasticity, advancing mixed conductor applications.

We report full-colour, vertically stacked µLEDs that achieve exceptionally high array density (5,100 pixels per inch) and small size (4 µm) via a 2D material-based layer transfer technique, allowing the creation of full-colour µLED displays for augmented and virtual reality.

Multilayer h-BN films are highly desired for various applications in 2D nanoelectronics. Here, the authors demonstrate the synthesis of large-area and high-quality multi-layer h-BN films on Fe foil with high 2D material performance.

By integrating a single monocentric lens with a hemispherical silicon nanorod photodiode array, a wide-field-of-view camera is created that offers low optical aberration, deep depth of field and simple visual accommodation.

A pan-cancer genomic analysis reports the effects of structural variations on chromatin domains (TADs). Most TAD disruptions do not result in appreciable changes in expression of nearby genes.

The authors present SVclone, a computational method for inferring the cancer cell fraction of structural variants from whole-genome sequencing data.

Multi-omics datasets pose major challenges to data interpretation and hypothesis generation owing to their high-dimensional molecular profiles. Here, the authors develop ActivePathways method, which uses data fusion techniques for integrative pathway analysis of multi-omics data and candidate gene discovery.

Electrides are an emerging family of materials with potential for hosting topological states. Here, the authors demonstrate the presence of Fermi-arc surface states in close proximity to the floating electron layer on the surface of an electride.

Understanding deregulation of biological pathways in cancer can provide insight into disease etiology and potential therapies. Here, as part of the PanCancer Analysis of Whole Genomes (PCAWG) consortium, the authors present pathway and network analysis of 2583 whole cancer genomes from 27 tumour types.

The human immune system uses the TLR4-MD-2 complex to recognize the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of Gram-negative bacteria, which cause diverse infections. The crystal structure of TLR4 in complex with MD-2 and the agonist LPS is described, showing how the TLR family can bind to the many different kinds of LPS.

Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) is an emerging tick-borne virus with no specific treatment or vaccine available. Here, the authors develop a DNA vaccine for SFTSV that is protective against lethal challenge in ferrets and show that anti-envelope antibodies are important for protection.

Analysis of cancer genome sequencing data has enabled the discovery of driver mutations. Here, as part of the ICGC/TCGA Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes (PCAWG) Consortium the authors present DriverPower, a software package that identifies coding and non-coding driver mutations within cancer whole genomes via consideration of mutational burden and functional impact evidence.

Analyses of 2,658 whole genomes across 38 types of cancer identify the contribution of non-coding point mutations and structural variants to driving cancer.

In somatic cells the mechanisms maintaining the chromosome ends are normally inactivated; however, cancer cells can re-activate these pathways to support continuous growth. Here, the authors characterize the telomeric landscapes across tumour types and identify genomic alterations associated with different telomere maintenance mechanisms.

Whole-genome sequencing data from more than 2,500 cancers of 38 tumour types reveal 16 signatures that can be used to classify somatic structural variants, highlighting the diversity of genomic rearrangements in cancer.

Loss of major histocompatibility complex MHC-I expression contributes to cancer immune evasion. Here, the authors show that, in both mice and humans, MHC-I downregulation is associated with the induction of NK-cell exhaustion and that IL-21 restores NK-cell function and inhibits tumours progression.

In this study the authors consider the structural variants (SVs) present within cancer cases of the ICGC/TCGA Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes (PCAWG) Consortium. They report hundreds of genes, including known cancer-associated genes for which the nearby presence of a SV breakpoint is associated with altered expression.

The inherent porosity of auxetic metamaterials challenge their applicability. Here, the authors introduce a seamless auxetic substrate film capable of achieving a negative Poisson’s ratio of −1 incorporating a rigid auxetic structure reinforced by glass-fabric, with surface-flattening soft elastomers applied as an image distortion-free display.