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The treatment of hypertrophic scar (HS) is hindered by the low bioavailability of drugs and the pathological microenvironment. Here the authors report a separating microneedle drug delivery system responsive to high reactive oxygen species levels and overexpression of matrix metalloproteinases to remodel the pathological microenvironment for HS treatment.

Li et al. show that the inner nuclear membrane protein LEMD3 organizes 3D chromatin architecture by anchoring heterochromatin at the nuclear periphery to maintain vascular smooth muscle cell contractile identity.

Trained and validated on multimodal data from 14.5 million images from multicountry datasets, a foundation model is shown to increase diagnostic and referral accuracy of clinicians when used as an assistant in a trial involving 16 ophthalmologists and 668 patients.

Poly(A)-Binding Protein Cytoplasmic 1 (PABPC1) is a crucial component of stress granules. Here, the authors show that PABPC1 undergoes SUMOylation in response to cellular stress, enhancing the stability of mitophagy-related gene transcripts to promote cancer cell survival.

Microbiome-secreted proteins act as key modulators of host-microbiome crosstalk. Here, the authors show that Amuc_1409 protein, secreted from Akkermansia muciniphila, plays a key role in intestinal homeostasis by regulating intestinal stem cells through interaction with E-cadherin, indicating its potential as a biomolecule for improving gut health.

A high-bandwidth neuromotor interface offers performant out-of-the-box generalization across people.

Using fMRI, this study developed a brain signature for affective arousal that demonstrates high sensitivity across valence while remaining distinct from autonomic arousal and wakefulness, offering broad applications.

Superconductivity mediated by phonons is usually conventional due to isotropic electron-phonon coupling. Here, Wang et al. report highly anisotropic phonons only along [001] direction in Sr_0.1Bi₂Se₃, indicating a singular electron-phonon coupling which favors a p-wave nematic superconductivity scenario.

The H9N2 avian influenza viruses (AIVs) remain dominant in live poultry markets in China, and H9N2 AIVs with HA-Q226L, PB2-V/K627 and NP-N52 mutations can be transmitted between guinea pigs and between ferrets via direct contact and respiratory droplet.

Synthesizing complex structures of high enantiomeric excess from racemic feedstock is an enduring challenge. Here, the authors couple racemic secondary alcohols with pyrroles to form enantioenriched 2-substituted heteroarenes, via a borrowing hydrogen mechanism using the combination of an iridium catalyst and chiral phosphoric acid.

The MICrONS mouse visual cortex dataset shows that neurons with similar response properties preferentially connect, a pattern that emerges within and across brain areas and layers, and independently emerges in artificial neural networks where these ‘like-to-like’ connections prove important for task performance.

Sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (SA-AKI) leads to significant morbidity and mortality, but early diagnosis remains challenging. Here the authors use single urinary extracellular vesicle proteomics to identify complement receptor CD35 as a biomarker for sepsis-associated acute kidney injury.

The processes regulating the ageing of stem cells are not clearly defined. Here, the authors report that in haematopoietic stem cells (HSC) thioredoxin-interacting protein, known to regulate the cell cycle, binds to p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and regulates HSC ageing and rejuvenation.

Water-assisted electro-catalytic selective oxidation is promising for sustainable production of value-added chemicals. Here the authors quantify two key physio-chemical parameters for efficient mechanistic investigation and rational catalyst design.

An RNA codon-expansion strategy enables incorporation of non-canonical amino acids into proteins of interest orthogonally to existing methods by inserting pseudouridine codons into specific mRNA transcripts and using an engineered decoder tRNA.

A sufficiently strong magnetic field drives an electron system into the so-called extreme quantum limit. Zhang et al. demonstrate that in this regime, a Dirac semimetal acquires a robust plateau in the thermoelectric Hall conductivity, with a value independent of magnetic field or electron concentration.

Constructing two-dimensional (2D) polymers with complex tessellation patterns is important for the fabrication of advanced materials but achieving such complexity is a great challenge. Here the authors report a tessellated 2D covalent organic framework with increased structural complexity as well as different pore structures.

IgA nephropathy is a major cause of end-stage renal disease in China, occurring at a high frequency in Asian populations. Here Li and colleagues conduct a four-stage genome-wide association study in a Chinese population, identifying novel loci and variants associated with disease risk.

Evidence for the treatment of patients with mild-to-moderate COPD is limited. Here, the authors show that long-term treatment with high-dose N-acetylcysteine neither significantly reduced the annual rate of total exacerbations nor improve lung function in patients with mild-tomoderate COPD.

Derivation of human primordial germ cell-like cells (hPGCLCs) is critical for reproductive medicine. Here, authors report the induction of hPGCLCs in a bioengineered human pluripotent stem cell culture that mimics peri-implantation human development.

Glioma is a complex disease, and prognosis can depend on clinical, genomic and radiological information. Here, the authors develop a multimodal fusion subtyping model to integrate data modalities for predicting glioma subtypes.

Renal cell carcinoma consists of several subtypes, and recurrence is highly dependent on subtype. Here, the authors develop a multi-classifier using imaging, lncRNA and clinical data to predict recurrence in papillary renal cell carcinoma.

How GWAS-annotated noncoding SNPs contribute to diabetes remains unclear. Here, the authors report that the noncoding SNP rs6048205 drives stage-specific defects in human pancreatic differentiation and increases diabetes susceptibility in mice.

In the largest study so far of CAR T cells in patients with solid tumors, autologous CLDN18.2-targeting CAR T cell therapy was well tolerated in patients with advanced CLDN18.2-positive gastrointestinal cancers, with an overall response rate of 42.2% and a disease control rate of 91.1%.

Ma et al. show that heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein U promotes the primed state in human pluripotent stem cells by interacting with nuclear matrix protein, Matrin-3, and regulating primed-specific genes.

The development of highly efficient catalysts for the selective upgrading of biomass remains a huge challenge. Here, the authors report a Cu single-atom catalyst that facilitates the solar-driven synthesis of renewable chemicals from lignocellulosic biomass and green methanol as a hydrogen donor.

Ancient DNA, stable isotopes and other archaeological methods establish that humans were living at extremely high elevation on the Tibetan Plateau 4,400 years ago, maintaining sedentary lifestyles that combined fishing, hunting and crop exchange.

Multiple synchronous lung cancers (MSLCs) are a subtype of lung cancer. Here the authors characterise MSLCs using single cell RNA sequencing, single cell TCR sequencing and bulk whole-exome sequencing to investigate the mutations that arise in and are associated with invasive adenocarcinoma development, and immune microenvironment changes in this process.

Here a strategy is proposed to increase the temperature stability of polymer dielectrics by using mechanical bonding from cyclic polyethers to damp the local vibrations of polymer chains, thus inhibiting high-temperature charge transport and enabling a discharged energy density of 4.1 J cm⁻³ with 90% efficiency at 250 °C.

RNF214 ubiquitin ligase is understudied. Here the authors show RNF214 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression by inducing non-proteolytic ubiquitylation of TEADs and activating YAP signaling pathway.

Intermetallic alloys (IMAs) hold significant potential for catalysis. Here, the authors present a robust gas-migration method for synthesizing stable and uniform IMAs, which exhibit exceptional stability over 1300 h in propane dehydrogenation.

The tRNA synthases AARS1 and AARS2 are identified as evolutionarily conserved sensors of intracellular l-lactate to mediate the global lysine lactylome.

A robust pyrazolate metal–organic framework acts as both an adsorbent for perfluorooctanoic acid and a catalyst for degradation under mild conditions, providing an integrated approach for the capture and destruction of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances.

Fu, et al. report that PARP1-dependent poly(ADP-ribsoyl)ation of the P-TEFb subunit CycT1 suppresses its phase separation, which prevents its interaction partner CDK9 from hyperphosphorylating RNA polymerase II and thereby blocks transcription.

Gold nanoclusters show promise as photothermal materials, but are often thermally unstable. Here ligand engineering is used to integrate molecular rotors with gold nanoclusters to dissipate thermal energy and improve photothermal therapy performance.

Yellow-seed trait is preferred in rapeseed breeding as it can greatly improve seed oil yield and quality. Here, the authors assemble the genome of two rapeseed lines with yellow-seed and black-seed phenotypes, and clone an R2R3-MYB-type transcription factor encoding gene as a key regulator of seed color.

Entanglement was observed in top–antitop quark events by the ATLAS experiment produced at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN using a proton–proton collision dataset with a centre-of-mass energy of √s  = 13 TeV and an integrated luminosity of 140 fb⁻¹.