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Reactive transport in porous media is crucial for catalysis. Here, authors use deep learning to visualize and predict reaction rates in porous catalysts, identifying key structural features that influence transport efficiency.

Crystal structure determination from powder X-ray diffraction is challenging but vital for materials research. Here, authors develop PXRDGen, an AI system that automatically solves crystal structures with 96% accuracy across thousands of compounds.

The function of histone lysine β-hydroxybutyrylation (Kbhb) is unclear in plants. Here, the authors show that H3K9bhb is enriched at transcription start sites in rice and regulates gene expression during immune responses.

Ageing is linked to environmental factors. This study shows that although participants gradually adapted to heat over time, cumulative exposure to heatwaves had stable and adverse impacts on ageing, especially among manual workers, rural residents and those with limited air conditioning.

There is a growing demand for wearable electronics for sensing, but it is challenging to integrate in-situ logic computing methods. Here the authors report multi-layered printed fibers to integrate logic circuits for wearable sensors.

Optically generated microwaves offer exceptionally low noise, crucial for radar and communications. Here, authors demonstrate a compact photonic chip-based interleaver multiplying pulse rates of mode-locked lasers to 14 GHz, significantly enhancing microwave power and reducing phase noise.

Ethanol electrosynthesis from CO reduction is achieved using an oxygen-affinity-engineered copper alloy catalyst. Unlike conventional CO dimerization pathways, which yield diverse products, this catalyst selectively promotes the CO–CH_x coupling route, enabling selective ethanol production.

In this multicenter phase 1 trial, patients with advanced gastric and gastroesophageal junction cancer were safely treated with the CLDN18.2-targeting antibody–drug conjugate SHR-A1904, leading to encouraging objective response rates.

The authors demonstrate strain-induced morphotropic phase boundary-like nanodomains in lead-free NaNbO₃ thin films, enabling multi-state switching and large enhancements in dielectric susceptibility and tunability over a broad frequency range.

Charge-transfer states with long transport distances in organic cocrystals have only been observed at nanoscale so far. Here, the authors report its direct observation at micron scale and reveal a triplet assisted transport mechanism to improve optoelectronic material design and device optimization.

Here, Li et al. develop a human liver organoid model to elucidate Dengue virus infection dynamics and identify oxyresveratrol as a potential antiviral candidate, highlighting the NRF2 pathway’s crucial role in mitigating mitochondrial damage and enhancing cellular resistance.

Vaginal infections influence about 75% of adult women worldwide each year. Here, the authors report a strategy to treat vaginal infection by restoring the homeostasis of the vaginal mucosal barrier through in situ formation of a living-synthetic therapeutic coating.

Multi-omic analysis of 39 samples of treatment-naive and recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinomas highlights the importance of the tumor microenvironment in promoting radioresistance and immune escape.

Pseudocapacitors are emerging as alternatives to conventional supercapacitors. Here, authors showed an uncommon charge storage mechanism in a high-rate conjugated polyelectrolyte and demonstrated practical pouch and solid-state pseudocapacitor devices with competitive energy up to 71 μWh cm⁻² and power performance up to 160 mW cm⁻².

High-spin Fe(IV) = O sites efficiently activate methane but are challenging to synthesize. This study develops dual Fe(II) sites on FeS₂, generating high-spin Fe(IV) = O from O₂, achieving superior methane-to-methanol conversion under mild conditions.

The commercialization of organic solar cells has been hindered by the limited device stability. Here, authors show that the connectivity of electron transport network is a key factor determining electron transport and device stability, with polymeric acceptors likely to establish such a network.

Robust Cu single-atom catalysts show promise for CO₂ electroreduction but face stability challenges. Here, the authors report a self-healing Cu single-atom catalyst that maintains high performance and stability for CO₂-to-CH₄ conversion at industrial current densities.

High-resolution speleothem records and an isotope-enabled climate model suggest distinct responses of East Asian summer monsoon δ¹⁸O to various kinds of interstadials, driven by nuanced shifts of Westerlies modulated by high-latitude warming intensity.

Cryo-EM shows SSNA-1 forms anti-parallel coiled-coils with a triple-helical junction for microtubule binding. Disrupting self-assembly or deleting SSNA-1 reduces C. elegans embryonic viability and disrupts spindles, revealing its role in cell division.

Platinum-group metals widely used in thermal catalysis frequently face deactivation issues. Here, the authors develop an industrial-scale monolithic Pt single-atom catalyst featuring a dynamically low-coordinated, ordered macroporous structure designed to overcome challenges such as Pt sintering, overoxidation, and loss under high-temperature oxidation conditions.

Preventing endosomal damage sensing or using lipids that create reparable endosomal holes reduces inflammation caused by RNA–lipid nanoparticles while enabling high RNA expression.

Nitromethane electroreduction offers a sustainable route for methylamine synthesis, but poor N–O activation yields low selectivity. Now N-methylhydroxylamine adsorption on low-coordination copper has been shown to induce a large dipole moment and promote N–O bond cleavage. This strategy can be generalized for the hydrogenolysis of other N(alkyl)–O molecules.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) mainly impacts the joints, which are difficult to sample, so identifying peripheral biomarkers may aid in diagnosis and treatment response predictions. Here the authors pursue a longitudinal study profiling plasma protein and use machine learning to train an algorithm for predicting RA onsets and responses to antirheumatic drugs.

Advancing solid-state batteries relies on high performance solid electrolytes. Here, the authors report a family of superionic halides (e.g., NaTaCl₆) driven by the paddle-wheel mechanism, emphasizing the key role of anion dynamics in facilitating fast cation transport.

A highly potent and selective small-molecule catalytic inhibitor of the protein lysine methyltransferase NSD2 shows therapeutic efficacy in preclinical models of KRAS-driven pancreatic cancer and lung cancer.

Detecting the localized nature of 4f orbitals in lanthanide ion is a major challenge. Here, the authors resolve the spatially dependent f-π exchange interaction within a single-molecule magnet TbPc₂ and show their spin states can be electrically controlled in a reversible manner.

Genetic engineering of a yeast strain provides rare but essential pollen sterols for honeybee colonies.

Developing strong, thermally resistant adhesives for load-bearing applications remains challenging. Here, the authors report a class of solution-sheared supramolecular oligomers that exhibit exceptional adhesive strength and toughness across a broad temperature range.

How the cortex learns an internal representation of the world and why the cortex relies on a layered structure remain poorly understood. Here, the authors propose a computational theory in which the neocortex engages in self-supervised predictive learning by integrating past sensory input and top-down context in layer 2/3 to anticipate future stimuli, suggesting that a fundamental role of cortical layering is to support self-supervised learning.

Polygenic scores for body mass index and obesity constructed using data from 5 million people with different ancestries were associated with distinct weight gain trajectories from early childhood to adulthood.

Influenza A virus neuraminidase (NA) is an important target for universal influenza vaccines. Here, the authors identify two monoclonal antibodies, CAV-F6 and CAV-F34, that inhibit NA activity across multiple subtypes, offering protection against seasonal and emerging avian influenza strains, thus advancing the development of broadly protective vaccines and therapeutics.

This study maps individual trees across 54 African cities to examine the relationship between tree cover and urban informality. The findings highlight a shortage of green infrastructure in informal settlements and the need for data-driven strategies to integrate trees into future urban development.

Low-dimensional perovskites afford high efficiencies in solar cells but at the expense of stability. Rao et al. develop a template growth approach to form low-dimensional perovskites from low-reactivity and hence more stable organic cations.

Replacing animal feathers and wool with synthetic materials can ameliorate the ethical and environmental issues associated with the production of clothing designed to retain warmth. Here the authors present synthetic nanofibre textiles that combine wearability, comfort, lightness and thermal insulation.

A new type of Fe/N–C catalyst composed of numerous nanoprotrusions dispersed on two-dimensional carbon layers with inner-embedded single Fe-atom sites has been developed that delivers a high-performance platinum group metal-free proton-exchange membrane fuel cell.

Electrolyte design is key for high-energy lithium metal batteries, but structure–performance links are hard to predict. A framework using the normalized cation/anion–solvent affinity enables quantitative prediction of microstructure, transport and interphase, driving exceptional performance.

Co-intercalation of cations and anions is found in an electrochromic device combining Nb₁₈W₁₆O₉₃ and Prussian blue films. The intercalation/deintercalation of anions in Prussian blue is confirmed first.

The predicted increase in frequency of droughts and rising temperatures in Europe will lead core populations of a temperate plant to an evolutionary dead-end unless they acquire genetic alleles that are present only in extreme edge Mediterranean, Scandinavian, or Siberian populations.