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The author demonstrates that laser-driven ultracold Fermi gases can exhibit color-orbit-like coupling with SU(3) symmetry. This leads to color-like oscillations and other quantum-chromodyamics-like phenomena in an atomic physics laboratory.

Double quantum dots are proving themselves to be an excellent test bed for many-body physics. These artificial atoms now demonstrate a phenomenon in which the capacitive coupling between them causes the spin and charge degrees of freedom of the electrons in the system to become entangled—the so-called SU(4) Kondo effect.

Soft electronic probes for measuring neural activity can be made scalably in an initially planar form and turned into various three-dimensional geometries through a controlled rolling method.

Current yeast extracellular secretion measuring tools lack the sensitivity, throughput, and speed required for large-scale metabolic analysis. Here, the authors introduce molecular sensors on mother yeast cell membranes to screen for single-cell secretions and rapidly isolate productive strains.

Adult stem cells often reside in specialized niches that they exit upon injury. Here they show that in Drosophila, after damage the gut-associated trachea produces the PDGF-VEGF-related ligand Pvf1, which acts as a guidance cue directing ISC migration toward injury sites.

The protein tyrosine phosphatase Pez controls intestinal stem cell proliferation in Drosophila by inhibiting the Hippo pathway transcription factor Yorkie. Wang et al. reveal that Pez protein stability is regulated by interactions with the E3 ubiquitin ligase Suppressor of Deltex.

Using the two stable electronic states of alkaline-earth atoms, an orbital spin-exchange interaction—the building block of orbital quantum magnetism—has been observed in a fermionic quantum gas.

A soft mesh microelectrode array can seamlessly integrate in developing brains, enabling long-term, stable mapping of how single-neuron activity and population dynamics emerge and evolve during brain development.

Oral immunotherapy (OIT) clinical trials have helped a subset of participants achieve sustained unresponsiveness (SU) to the cognate allergen. Here the authors analyse immune cells from participants from one peanut OIT trial and show that CD8⁺ T cell differentiation status at baseline may help to predict the likelihood of achieving SU.

A decade of BGC-Argo and plankton records shows North Pacific heatwaves reshape food webs and trap small particles in midwater, slowing deep-ocean carbon export. Impacts vary by event, underscoring the need for sustained ocean monitoring.

Nagano et al. identify the third mitotic cohesin complex, STAG3–cohesin, which, with its unique biophysical properties, weakens insulation and rewires regulatory interactions of spermatogonial stem cells, shaping the male germline nucleome.

Fluid shear stress plays a role in medulloblastoma metastasis through a PIEZO2-actomyosin-GLUT1 signalling cascade.

DNA-methylation and gene-expression profiling of tissue sections at near single-cell resolution can be used to create detailed spatial maps showing how methylation and transcription interact to shape cell identity and tissue development.

Uncovering the rules of microtubule network self-organization under confinement is key to understanding how cells build structure in complex environments. This study reveals a tunable boundary-sensing feedback mechanism, wherein pioneer microtubules navigate confined environments and generate nucleation sites for new microtubules, thereby shaping network architecture.

DNA damage from chemotherapy can activate cGAS–STING and interferon pathways. Here, the authors show that cGAS–STING signaling is specific to DNA rich in CA repeats, whereas DNA not rich in CA repeats is detected by AIM2, resulting in opposing tumor immune responses.

Organic luminophores emit a bright near-infrared afterglow after X-ray irradiation and outperform commercially available radio sensitizers by producing higher levels of singlet oxygen, having potential applications in precision cancer theranostics.

Nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma (NLPHL) is a rare cancer. Here, the authors develop a NLPHL specific model to identify 34 distinct cell states across 14 cell types that co-occur within 3 lymphocyte predominant ecotypes (LPEs) for 171 cases.

The location of EGFR exon 20 loop insertions (EGFRex20ins) has been shown to alter sensitivity to lung cancer therapy. Here, the authors report the results of the ZENITH20 clinical trial investigating poziotinib (EGFR TKI) in lung cancer patients and, combining with a similar trial, investigate how structural differences due to location of EGGFRex20ins alters sensitivity to EGFR TKI.

Structures of three cyanophycin synthetases reveal how the constituent glutathione synthetase and muramyl ligase-like domains cooperate to make cyanophycin, a poly-aspartate chain with arginine residues attached to the sidechains by isopeptide bonds.

Functional material design can be enhanced by taking inspiration from nature. This Primer describes how micropatterns inspired by the natural world can be designed, fabricated and used to solve technical challenges.

Anti-TSLP biologics have shown promise for the clinical treatment of type 2 respiratory disease. Here the authors present a clinical trial of CM326, a monoclonal antibody against TSLP, and show the clinical effects in patients with eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (ECRSwNP), who present with type 2-dominant inflammation.

Survival and proliferation of vascular cells in the presence of DNA damage is a characteristic of pulmonary arterial hypertension. Here the authors show that the phosphatase EYA3 contributes to vascular remodeling by promoting survival of damaged cells, and present results of genetic and pharmacological EYA3 inhibition.

Galenza et al. show that basal stem cell progeny seamlessly integrate into a physiologically active barrier epithelium by gestating their future apical surface in a sheltering niche created by a transient occluding junction.

Cancer cells can squeeze through confined spaces and undergo nuclear deformation, leading to changes in chromatin organisation. Here, the authors show that mechanical constriction in microcapillaries reprograms melanoma cells to a tumorigenic stem cell-like state through the mechanosensor PIEZO1.

Yang et al. apply high-throughput structure probing approaches to characterize the secondary structure throughout the SARS-CoV-2 WT and VOC genomes, uncovering an ultra-long-range RNA-RNA interaction that directly binds ADAR1 to promote viral fitness.

Individuals with schizophrenia show reduced structural similarity in temporal, cingulate, and insular lobes, especially those with worse cognition and symptoms, affecting late maturing association areas with low metabolism and high neurotransmission.

In glioma, malignant synapses hijack mechanisms of synaptic plasticity to increase glutamate-dependent currents in tumour cells and the formation of neuron–glioma synapses, thereby promoting tumour proliferation and progression.

Epithelial cell–cell contact resistance to mechanical stress is defined by a regulated viscous dissipation through the cytoskeleton, where the toughness of the cell junction is set by the balance between cortical tension and cell shape recovery time.

A large nuclear spin has been successfully placed in a Schrödinger cat state, a superposition of its two most widely separated spin coherent states. This can be used as an error-correctable qubit.

This paper presents an imaging-based sensor enabled by differential guided-mode resonance with nanoscale thickness modulation, achieving high sensitivity and expanded dynamic range for medical diagnostics and biochemical sensing.

Glutamatergic and GABAergic (γ-aminobutyric acid-producing) cortical neuronal activity drives proliferation of small lung cell cancer via paracrine interactions and through synapses formed with tumour cells.

Al-Hilal, Chrysovergi et al. identify a role for durotaxis in lung fibrosis and metastatic pancreatic cancer, mediated by the FAK–paxillin mechanosensor complex, and demonstrate therapeutic targeting of this pathway using the small molecule JP-153.

Neurons form synapses onto glioma cells, and depolarization of glioma membranes promotes glioma growth in vivo, whereas blocking electrochemical signalling blocks tumour growth.

The products and dynamics in mutual neutralisation of \({{{{\rm{O}}}}_{2}}^{+}\) with O⁻ occurring in atmospheric sprites are unknown. Here, the authors reveal a dissociative two-step mechanism via intermediate Rydberg states and a dependence on the \({{{{\rm{O}}}}_{2}}^{+}\) vibrational state.

A synthetic biology approach was used to engineer Vibrio natriegens into a strain capable of bioremediating complex organic pollutants in saline wastewater and soils, thereby addressing notable threats to marine biosecurity.